抽象行政行为听证程序之适用

目前我国听证制度的适用范围较狭窄 ,特别是在中国加入 WTO后 ,更进一步暴露出其狭窄的听证范围与世贸规则的不协调。因此 ,有必要将听证程序的适用扩展至抽象行政行为 ,并对其适用的原则和范围予以具体规定。文章对抽象行政行为之听证程序的立法原则及其听证范围应包含的内容作出分析与论证 ,试图通过初步的探讨提出有参考价值的建议。     

经济法调整范围的反思

经济法的调整范围是学界多年来最为关注的基本理论问题之一.文章指出划分法律部门的实质标准是利益,而不是调整对象和方法.正是不同历史时期的不同利益需求,才造就了不同的法律部门.社会整体经济利益是经济法的立身之本.一个法律部门出于对某种利益保护的需要,往往调整不同性质的社会关系.同一性质的社会关系由于承载了不同的利益,也往往需要不同的法律部门共同调整,经济法与民法、行政法的关系正是如此,它们共同促进社会经济的协调发展.     

Relationship between urbanization and bat community structure in national parks of the southeastern U.S.

Urbanization and development are predicted to increase considerably in the United States over the next several decades, and this is expected to result in large-scale habitat loss, fragmentation and loss of wildlife species. Thus, natural parks and preserves are becomingly increasingly important in the conservation of regional biodiversity. We used mist-nets and AnabatII acoustic detectors to survey bats in 10 national parks in the southeastern U.S. and examined the relationship between bat community structure and development in the surrounding 5 km. We predicted that species richness would increase with park size and that species richness and evenness would decrease with development. Species richness was not related to development or any other landscape characteristics including park size. In contrast, species evenness declined with increasing development. Percent Developed land in the surrounding 5 km area was the only variable that entered into the stepwise regression model. The decrease in species evenness in the urban parks was due to the dominance of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in these parks. The percentage of big brown bats in our captures was positively related to percent Developed land in the surrounding area. Our data suggest that urban parks may be important for conserving regional bat biodiversity. However, the low species evenness in these parks suggests that some bat species may be susceptible to the effects of urbanization and may be extirpated over time. Thus, management of urban as well as rural parks should strive to conserve as much bat roosting and foraging habitat as possible.     

A powerful test for uniformity to detect highly peaked alternativedensities

A new class of statistical tests for uniformity based on sample ranges is proposed to detect a uniform density contaminated by a density with one or more high peaks. These kinds of alternatives occur quite frequently, especially in physics. It is shown that the proposed tests arc consistent and have high Pitman asymptotic relative efficiencies. Results of a Monte Carlo power study indicate that they, compared with other tests of uniformity, possess good power properties.A comparative study of various tests is also conducted using real data. An effcient algorithm for computing out test statistic and a table of percentage points are given, providing a practical guide for using the new test.     

SUBJECT AND SUBSTRATUM : ON JAPANESE IMPERIAL NATIONALISM

This paper addresses the theoretical and philosophical questions concerning how an individual identified him/herself as a member of an ethnic, racial, or national community in the context of Japanese Imperialist discourse during the 1930's. The central focus is Tanabe Hajime. Together with his mentor Nishida Kitaro, Tanabe established the so-called Kyoto School of Philosophy in the 1920's. With his background in the philosophy of sciences and mathematics, and modern European metaphysics, Tanabe created a philosophical argument for the multi-ethnic nation-state, and proposed the universalistic concept of Japanese national identity which positively evaluates and integrates individuals of different ethnic backgrounds into one. He constructed the Logic of Species (Shu no Ronri) according to which a member of the Japanese Empire could identify with Japan precisely because she or he can participate in the Japanese State which represents the whole, inclusive of all the ethnic groups. Relying upon the Hegelian concept of negativity, he explained the two different levels of belonging: particularistic belonging to the specific identity (shu) such as ethnicity, and universalistic belonging to the generic identity (rui). And he further demonstrated that ethnic identity is far from fixed, and is brought into the subject's self-awareness only insofar as the subject negates it and is free from it. In other words, the subject becomes aware of her/his ethnic origin only when s/he negates it thereby participating in a higher order of social formation, the State, under which ethnic multiplicity is subsumed. Thus the species of ethnicity is constituted only insofar as it is negatively mediated by the genus, that is, the State. Tanabe saw the essential form of human freedom in this negative relation of the subject to his ethnicity, and understood a subject's belonging to a nation as a dialectic and negative process of mediation between the species and the genus. While postwar Japan was built upon the premises of ethnic nationalism, Japanese imperial nationalism of the pre-war period was afraid of ethnic nationalisms which could challenge the Empire's rhetoric of multiethnicity and pluralism. Tanabe's Logic of Species was a response to such needs of Japanese Imperialism and it represented a philosophical attempt to undermine ethnic nationalism. Not surprisingly, it served as a metaphysical foundation for the idea of the Greater East Asian Co-prosperity Sphere.     

论公益征收关系人

作为一类征收主体,征收关系人的范围是非常广泛的,但我国现行法规就征收关系人的范围并未做出系统规定,这是我国未来统一征收立法必须解决的一个问题。根据立法通例,登记并非成为适格的征收关系人的必要条件。对于预告登记权利人的关系人地位,应分不同情形作具体分析。     

进化的转义

达尔文的影响力并没有很快抵达中国。近代关于他的记录出现于19世纪70年代之后的译作、报刊、私人笔记或考卷等之中。传教士、留洋人士在早期的传播中扮演了重要角色——尽管他们对于达尔文的介绍常是模糊且不得要领的。严复的杰出工作开启了一个进化的时代,但充斥在报刊和人们思想之中的是一种非达尔文式的进化观念。《物种起源》(下文称《起源》)的翻译大抵可分为两个阶段——本文关注的是第一阶段。《起源》的翻译本可以为纠正进化的误解带来希望,然而译者马君武并没有去颠覆新近形成的进化范式。通过对达尔文文本的修正,马氏尽可能地弥合:达尔文的学说与先前已被灌输给那个时代的进化观念之间的差异。本文的第二部分通过对《起源》第三章和第四章译文的解析,来探究那个年代进化的转义。     

试论我国产品责任制度立法之完善

从八十年代以来,我国先后颁布了一些有关产品责任制度方面的法律法规,对调整产品责任关系,有效保护广大消费者合法权益,保障社会经济秩序正常运行,起到了十分重要的作用.但是随着时间的推移和社会经济的变化,其不完善之处已日益明显,进一步完善我国产品责任制度势在必行.     

兼并效应与产品覆盖策略

在行业寡头垄断竞争中, 引入产品覆盖策略竞争的变量, 把企业兼并时的竞争假定为两 个阶段两种变量: 先是产品覆盖策略竞争, 后是产品产量竞争, 并设计了一个描述这种兼并竞 争的模型. 在此基础上, 分析了参与和未参与兼并的企业的产品覆盖策略变化对各企业利润和 价格的影响, 在一定程度上解释了兼并悖论. 我们赞成适度的兼并控制政策, 但在经济萧条时 期可适当放宽.     

一种高性能目标识别融合算法

考虑到目标类型数和传感器扫描次数对识别的影响，提出了一种改进的多传感器多目标识别相关算法，导出了新的累积融合公式。对多传感器多目标识别融合作了计算机模拟，模拟结果证实了改进的算法在性能上有明显的提高。