The Peasant World in the Discourse of Generational Sorrow

This article spells out the methodological considerations and various procedural and methodological subtleties developed over the author's quarter century of sociological field studies of Russia's peasant worlds. Particular attention is paid to “voices from below”—peasant discursive formats that capture, in natural and undiluted form, the evolution of peasant practices constituting the core of everyday life. In particular, the phenomenon of generational sorrow and a special chronological nostalgia that functions as a “social gyroscope” is identified and discursively captured. This phenomenon is noteworthy and useful for its ability to retain a record of the productively longed for past in a rural community's collective memory and thereby influence new peasant worlds taking shape today.     

Optimal design of the adaptive exponentially weighted moving average control chart over a range of mean shifts

The adaptive exponentially weighted moving average (AEWMA) control chart is a smooth combination of the Shewhart and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts. This chart was proposed by Cappizzi and Masarotto (2003) to achieve a reasonable performance for both small and large shifts. Cappizzi and Masarotto (2003) used a pair of shifts in designing their control chart. In this study, however, the process mean shift is considered as a random variable with a certain probability distribution and the AEWMA control chart is optimized for a wide range of mean shifts according to that probability distribution and not just for a pair of shifts. Using the Markov chain technique, the results show that the new optimization design can improve the performance of the AEWMA control chart from an overall point of view relative to the various designs presented by Cappizzi and Masarotto (2003). Optimal design parameters that achieve the desired in-control average run length (ARL) are computed in several cases and formulas used to find approximately their values are given. Using these formulas, the practitioner can compute the optimal design parameters corresponding to any desired in-control ARL without the need to apply the optimization procedure. The results obtained by these formulas are very promising and would particularly facilitate the design of the AEWMA control chart for any in-control ARL value.     

Monotonic change point estimation of generalized linear model-based regression profiles

In this article, a maximum likelihood estimator is derived in the generalized linear model-based regression profiles under monotonic change in Phase II. The performance of the proposed estimator is comprehensively investigated through some special cases, and compared with estimators under step change and drift. The results show that the proposed estimator has better performance in small and medium shifts under different increasing changes. Finally, the applicability of the proposed estimator is illustrated using a real case.     

A direct procedure for monitoring the coefficient of variation using a variable sample size scheme

A variable sample size (VSS) scheme directly monitoring the coefficient of variation (CV), instead of monitoring the transformed statistics, is proposed. Optimal chart parameters are computed based on two criteria: (i) minimizing the out-of-control ARL (ARL₁) and (ii) minimizing the out-of-control ASS (ASS₁). Then the performances are compared between these two criteria. The advantages of the proposed chart over the VSS chart based on the transformed statistics in the existing literature are: the former (i) provides an easier alternative as no transformation is involved and (ii) requires less number of observations to detect a shift when ASS₁ is minimized.     

Monitoring the coefficient of variation using a variable sample size and sampling interval control chart

This article proposes a CV chart by using the variable sample size and sampling interval (VSSI) feature to improve the performance of the basic CV chart, for detecting small and moderate shifts in the CV. The proposed VSSI CV chart is designed by allowing the sample size and the sampling interval to vary. The VSSI CV chart's statistical performance is measured by using the average time to signal (ATS) and expected average time to signal (EATS) criteria and is compared with that of existing CV charts. The Markov chain approach is employed in the design of the chart.     

Statistical inference for the Gompertz distribution based on Type-II progressively hybrid censored data

In this article, the statistical inference for the Gompertz distribution based on Type-II progressively hybrid censored data is discussed. The estimation of the parameters for Gompertz distribution is obtained using maximum likelihood method (MLE) and Bayesian method under three different loss functions. We also proved the existence and uniqueness of the MLE. The one-sample Bayesian prediction intervals are obtained. The work is done for different values of the parameters. We apply the Monto Carlo simulation to compare the proposed methods, also an example is discussed to construct the Prediction intervals.     

Exponentially weighted moving average charts for correlated multivariate Poisson processes

In this article, we study exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control schemes to monitor the multivariate Poisson distribution with a general covariance structure, so that the practitioner can simultaneously monitor multiple correlated attribute processes more effectively. The statistical performance of the charts is assessed in terms of the run length properties and compared against other mainstream attribute control schemes. The application of the proposed methods to real-life and simulated datasets is demonstrated.     

社会网络、 先前经验与创业风险识别

无法识别创业风险是导致创业失败的主要原因之一,如何有效识别并管理创业风险是新创企业健康成长的关键.社会网络能够弥补创业者在识别风险过程中的信息劣势,但既有研究极少探索社会网络是否以及如何影响创业风险识别.为弥补这个研究空白,文章利用信息处理理论为研究框架,构建了创业风险识别模型.具体而言,结构洞和网络强度有利于创业者获取更多、高质量与风险相关的信息,进而识别更多的创业风险;获取信息的数量在网络强度与创业风险识别关系之间发挥完全中介作用;创业者的先前经验正向影响创业风险识别,并对结构洞与获取信息的数量之间关系起调节作用.文章讨论了研究结果的理论贡献与实践启发.     

数控加工与编程数字化教学资源建设

为培养高职数控技术专业学生的数控加工与编程能力,通过调研典型制造型企业,以其岗位能力需求为基础,以企业的实践过程为任务流程,规划了数控加工与编程课程的教学体系,并构建了基于网络化教学平台的数字化教学资源库。     

对耕地利用率影响因素及影响效应的统计分析

耕地承包农户的户主年龄、家庭非农收入、土地转让行为选择、农户择业意愿、耕地条件与环境等因素与耕地利用率之间存在显著相关。对此,政府首先必须加强对农民的重农教育,增强农民珍爱耕地的自觉性;其次,应创新耕地管理制度,引导土地合理流转;其三,推进农村土地流转规范,提升耕地资产价值效能;其四,加大支农惠农政策力度,提高农业比较收益;其五,扩大对农村投入,改善农村农业基础设施建设。