“两个中心”建设与中华民族共同体意识建构——历史语境与现实意义

近年来,随着县级融媒体中心与新时代文明实践中心建设的发展,越来越多的地区开始打破以往“两个中心”建设发展各自为政的状态,开启了“两个中心”深度融合的局面。本研究从新闻传播学的角度出发,结合社会学、政治学等其他学科理论,试对共同建设“两个中心”对中华民族共同体意识建构所具有的作用进行分析,并对建设路径提出建议。研究发现“两个中心”建设有着共同的现实指向与目标,那便是面向基层社会治理,促成社会认同,二者相互推动,相互促进。进而在建设路径上,“两个中心”的建设应自上而下与自下而上相结合,促进建设工作有序开展,同时深度融合,推进思想宣传工作的共建共治共享,最后扎根群众,为中华民族共同体提供实践话语。     

萨勒斯山中的野玫瑰——《乐观者的女儿》中陪衬人物菲伊的形象分析

20世纪的美国南方文学经历了从“南方文艺复兴”的辉煌到后现代文学对“南方神话”的颠覆。第二代作家尤多拉·威尔蒂的著名小说《乐观者的女儿》中的陪衬人物菲伊就鲜明地反映了20世纪中期南方社会在经济一体化、工业文明与消费文化长驱直入的情况下,女权主义思想与后现代思潮的冲击下发生的深刻变化,即历史意识的解体、地方情结的消散、女性意识的觉醒。通过菲伊这一形象,威尔蒂敏感地把握住了时代的变迁。作为陪衬人物,菲伊与女主人公之间的对比与冲突,则生动体现了作者本人面对传统逐渐消亡、价值取向多元化的矛盾心情及观念的转变。     

Dynamique de l’éducation bilingue interculturelle dans l'Amazonie brésilienne

In Brazil – and more largely in Latin America – the fight of the indigenous movements for the demarcation of their territory and the installation of an intercultural school education contributed to the constitutional changes of the years 1980–1990 which led these States to regard themselves from then on as pluricultural and multiethnic nations and to recognize collective rights specific to native people and tribes living on their territory. The author analyzes the advent and the development of this intercultural bilingual education in two border regions of the State of Amazonas (Alto Solimões and Alto Rio Negro) near the populations Ticuna, Baniwa and Tukano during the years 1990 and 2000. He shows in particular how the indigenous school, an assimilationist instrument for the Occidental and Christian culture until the 1980s, has been transformed by supporting the reappropriation of the traditional knowledge; meanwhile this school has opened itself to ‘Western’ knowledge in order to make it possible for the younger generation to acquire the ability to go towards evolution.     

‘Class’, ‘Race’ and Language: imagining China and the discourse on the category ‘Han’ in the writing of Marxist revolutionary Qu Qiubai (1899–1935)

This study investigates the discursive peregrinations of the ‘Han’ category in the writings of the Chinese revolutionary, theoretician and activist Qu Qiubai. In the papers he wrote at the beginning of the 1930s dealing with the questions of language and writing, the author made singular use of the concept ‘Han’ to talk about the language/writing of the ‘Han’ (Hanzi, Hanyu) as a racial or ethnic group (Hanzu). Qu elaborated a discourse which articulated and mobilized, sometimes in a contradictory manner, the ‘Han’ category both as a ‘race’ and as a social class. Going beyond the race/class dialectic, I will try to show that these texts question the territorial, cultural and ethnic boundaries of ‘China’ and its homogeneity. Following this argument, this paper demonstrates how Qu's attempt to define ‘Chinese language(s)’ helps us to elucidate the complex articulation between China as a discursive and spatial category, the ‘Han’ category, and the other nationalities in the Chinese space. By questioning the homogeneity of the linguistic identity of China, using the word zhongguohua, Qu Qiubai unveiled an unstable and fragile imaginary relative to China and its so-called majority ethnic group, the Han.     

Intertextual stancetaking and the local negotiation of cultural identities by a binational couple1

Recent approaches to stance emphasize the dialogic nature of stancetaking, drawing attention to turn‐by‐turn negotiation of stance. This study expands that view by focusing upon cases where the stancetaker responds not to a stance in the immediately prior turn, but to prior stances in the ongoing relationship between interlocutors, to construct distinct identities. The data come from a sociolinguistic interview conducted with a couple who constructed contrasting identities through stances related to cultural differences. I examine the linguistic strategies this couple uses to take divergent stances: constructed dialogue; verb tense; and time adverbials. I introduce the term constructed stance in parallel with constructed dialogue. Analysis of stances taken by attributing a stance to oneself or another through constructed dialogue supplements previous research by demonstrating how a longitudinal dimension can be introduced even with a single interaction as data source. This underscores how local stances can contribute to more enduring identities.     

重建全球化时代的中华民族和文化认同

如果我们承认全球化确实已经对中国的政治、经济以及社会和文化产生了重大影响的话,那么我们就可以据此进一步断定,全球化时代的到来不仅模糊了民族-国家的疆界,同时也模糊了不同文化之间的界限,使得某一个特定的民族的认同变得多重,具体体现在文化上就更是呈现了一种文化认同的多极化和非单一化.实际上,全球化之于文化的一个重要作用就在于它消解了认同的"单一性"和"本真性",为一种超民族主义的多元文化认同铺平了道路.中华文化的认同已经不再是简单的儒学或道学的认同,而是一种受到西方文化影响并经过当代重新阐释了的新的多元认同,在这方面,经过后现代语境下重新建构的新儒学将占据举足轻重的地位.     

人际修辞中的话语礼貌与身份协商研究

人际修辞是当代修辞学中重视语言交际实践,追求语言表达最佳效果、取得理想交际目标、构建和谐人际关系的言语交际行为。话语礼貌作为人际修辞的一大首要原则,一直受到国内外学者的广泛研究,但国内学者大都从语用、文化或面子的角度加以研究。本文拟结合一些具体话语事件,探讨话语交际中的身份协商,即身份互认、身份互构以及身份互抗如何对话语礼貌相对性产生建构作用,以弥补目前国内学者对这方面研究的不足。     

民间傩仪式的空间特性与傩艺人人神角色的偏移——傩艺人身份的艺术人类学探究

从民族文化传统的感知维度上来看,与时间对跳傩艺人之人神沟通者身份的具体内涵及身份转换的规约性相比,傩仪式独有的空间特性对傩艺人人神角色转换的规约性更深刻更凸显。在跳傩仪式中,傩艺人的身份因为仪式空间属性的规约也具有了空间性,角色的扮演也随着跳傩仪式空间属性的改变而发生偏移。当仪式空间属性神圣的时候,跳傩艺人体认到的是他们作为驱疫降福之神灵的意识;而当仪式空间属性世俗的时候,他们也能够从属神的意识回归到属人的意识,从而实现仪式过程中人神之间的互动,完成娱神娱人的仪式功能。也正是在人与神之角色的偏移和不同承担过程中,傩艺人人神沟通者身份的具体内涵才得以呈现,而傩神信仰于当地百姓日常生活和精神追求之间的深层关联也得到凸显。     

Forging a Brazilian Islam: Muslim Converts Negotiating Identity in São Paulo

Converts form a growing portion of the Muslim community in São Paulo, Brazil. Often introduced to Islam through media representations, they turn to religion for a variety of reasons, including the desire to search for spiritual truth. This article will examine questions of identity that arise during the process of religious conversion, using data gathered from extensive fieldwork. Specifically, it will analyze how male converts view the place of Islam within the context of Brazilian society and how they reimagine concepts of personal identity through religious conversion. The study suggests that converts hold diverse points of view regarding the development of their spiritual identity, emphasizing both the challenges and benefits of being Muslim and practicing Islam in Brazil.     

Ethnic origin and identity in the Jewish population of Israel*

The paper addresses the multifaceted quality of ethnicity in the Jewish population of Israel by probing into the ethnic categories and their subjective meaning. The analyses utilise data collected during 2015–2016 on a representative sample of Israelis age 15 and older, as part of the seventh and eighth rounds of the European Social Survey (ESS). Hypotheses are developed concerning the relationship between demographically based ethnic origin and national identity, as well as the effect of ethnically mixed marriages on ethnic and national identities. The analyses reveal a strong preference among Jews in Israel to portray their ancestry in inclusive national categories – Israeli and Jewish – rather than more particularistic, ethno-cultural, categories (e.g. Mizrahim, Moroccan, Ashkenazim, Polish, etc). Yet, whether Israeli or Jewish receives primacy differs by migration generation, socioeconomic standing, religion, and political dispositions. While the findings clearly add to our understanding of Israeli society, they are also telling with regard to immigrant societies more generally. First, they reveal a multi-layered structure of ethnic identification. Second, they suggest that ethnic identities are quite resistant to change. Third, ethnically mixed marriages appear to erode ethnic identities and are likely to replace them with national identities.