从价值中立批判到技术中立批判——兼论马尔库塞与哈贝马斯对韦伯方法论的批判

国内外学者研究表明,除方法论迥然有别外,韦伯与法兰克福学派之间非常相似。在概述两者之间关系和比较两者的方法论基础上,发现法兰克福学派社会合理性批判的核心就是对韦伯价值中立批判。但是不同的法兰克福学派学者对价值中立批判的视角并非一致,不同的研究视角获取的研究结论也就存在差异。通过对价值中立和技术中立关系问题的澄明,意欲勘察法兰克福学派内部价值中立批判的逻辑规律。     

关于“文化工业”本质的再思考

"文化工业"理论是阿多诺哲学思想的重要组成部分,其内容蕴含着对于商品拜物教和技术的双重批判。然而,很多学者往往从单一角度入手探求其本质所在,得出的结论虽有合理之处却最终流于片面。事实上,商品拜物教和技术在阿多诺眼中绝非相互隔绝,二者完全可统一于西方哲学"同一性"传统之下。而只有以此为基点进行分析,才能正确揭示出"文化工业"对人类进行双重统治的本质。     

IT术语翻译一词多译现象及规范化原则探讨——以张美芳教授IT术语翻译三原则为参照

信息技术（简称IT）科学是当前最前沿的科学,而IT术语翻译的规范化也随着其技术的发展而成为必然。文章旨在当今IT术语一词多译现象泛滥的背景下,以张美芳教授IT术语翻译三原则为指导探讨IT术语翻译的规范方法,并通过范例分析初步检验其原则运用于翻译实践的适用性,认为,其原则可以解决或修正IT术语翻译中的部分问题。而IT术语翻译标准的厘定还需相关各方做出更细致的研究。     

Web 2.0, Library 2.0, and the Hyperlinked Library

Abstract

Discussions surrounding the concepts of Web 2.0/Library 2.0 are increasing among the library community. This column outlines key principles behind Web 2.0 and provides a brief explanation of social tools, such as blogs, RSS feeds, podcasting, and wikis. The author also provides specific uses and applications of these tools within the library environment to illustrate the Library 2.0 concept. An open framework for library communication or hyperlinked library can result if Library 2.0 philosophies are fully utilized.     

Using Real‐Time Decision Tools to Improve Distributed Decision‐Making Capabilities in High‐Magnitude Crisis Situations*

Multi‐organizational collaborative decision making in high‐magnitude crisis situations requires real‐time information sharing and dynamic modeling for effective response. Information technology (IT) based decision support tools can play a key role in facilitating such effective response. We explore one promising class of decision support tools based on machine learning, known as support vector machines (SVM), which have the capability to dynamically model and analyze decision processes. To examine this capability, we use a case study with a design science approach to evaluate improved decision‐making effectiveness of an SVM algorithm in an agent‐based simulation experimental environment. Testing and evaluation of real‐time decision support tools in simulated environments provides an opportunity to assess their value under various dynamic conditions. Decision making in high‐magnitude crisis situations involves multiple different patterns of behavior, requiring the development, application, and evaluation of different models. Therefore, we employ a multistage linear support vector machine (MLSVM) algorithm that permits partitioning decision maker response into behavioral subsets, which can then individually model and examine their diverse patterns of response behavior. The results of our case study indicate that our MLSVM is clearly superior to both single stage SVMs and traditional approaches such as linear and quadratic discriminant analysis for understanding and predicting behavior. We conclude that machine learning algorithms show promise for quickly assessing response strategy behavior and for providing the capability to share information with decision makers in multi‐organizational collaborative environments, thus supporting more effective decision making in such contexts.     

创新支持政策能否改变高科技产业融资难问题

 由于创新风险的存在,高科技产业面临融资难的问题。作为国家自主创新示范区,中关村出台大量创新支持政策,旨在缓解高科技产业融资难问题,具有典型性和示范意义。本文构建三阶段递推CDM模型,基于创新调查与企业财务数据的对接,对创新政策支持的实际效果及不同资本间的关联影响进行实证检验。研究发现：财政支持与税收支持政策的协同性较差,不同资本间的排斥性大于融合性,创新投入对创新产出的影响具有“门槛效应”,创新政策支持必须跨越“门槛”、实现质变,才能实现预期效果。中关村高科技产业融资渠道单一,创新政策支持主要对技术创新发挥作用,而非技术创新的薄弱正是高科技产业融资难的障碍。高科技产业发展更多服从于行业规律,企业规模,产权因素不宜作为政府甄选创新支持对象的标准。     

对太原理工大学实行硕士生英语口语测试的分析

英语口语测试是推动学生自主学习、提高交流能力的一个重要的手段。文章说明了口语考试实施的必要性;通过对太原理工大学硕士生2002年期末口语考试分析,指出合理的评分标准和严谨的组织形式对口语测试的重要性;探讨了如何有效地将测试和教学结合起来等问题。     

科技英语的文体结构特征

科技英语作为一种功能语体是在普通英语的基础上发展起来的.因此,无论在词汇方面,还是在语法方面,它同基础英语没有绝对的界限.但是在语言发展的长期过程中,科技英语在文体词汇和语言规律方面都逐渐形成了自己的特色.应用韩礼德的系统功能语法对科技英语的及物性结构特征,语气结构特征,主位结构特征和字系结构特征进行研究.通过实际的语篇分析,寻找科技英语的文体特征.对这些明显的特色进行研究,肯定会对科技英语的阅读理解,写作与翻译提供某些启示,对科技英语的进一步发展肯定是很有意义的.     

INTELLIGENT AGENCY

We are facing a new technological assemblage, networks of communication and information technology which mediate our lives in new ways. Within the discourses surrounding these new networks, amidst promises of unlimited agency, power and control, sits the key figure of the intelligent agent. An intelligent agent is a software program that would act in one's place in cyberspace, as a digital butler of sorts. Drawing on the actor-network theory of Bruno Latour and others, and the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, this article analyses the politics and possibilities of intelligent agents. It focuses on prominent themes in the discourse about intelligent agents, such as libertarianism, consumerism, trust, and the abandonment of the body into a digital realm. Ultimately, the article argues, we need to view technologies, and agency, as embodied and contextualized, and abandon the modernist separation of humans and technologies.