Extended scaled prediction variance optimality for modified central composite design

Robust parameter designs (RPDs) enable the experimenter to discover how to modify the design of the product to minimize the effect due to variation from noise sources. The aim of this article is to show how this amount of work can be reduced under modified central composite design (MCCD). We propose a measure of extended scaled prediction variance (ESPV) for evaluation of RPDs on MCCD. Using these measures, we show that we can check the error or bias associated with estimating the model parameters and suggest the values of α recommended for MCCS under minimum ESPV.     

专利法的若干问题及其立法建议

专利法的两次修正使我国专利保护水平在整体上得到了历史性提升。但是 ,某些具体规则的内容尚有值得探讨之处。专利法与合同法对合作发明创造的权利归属规则应协调一致 ;专利申请权与申请专利的权利性质不同 ,转让程序也不同 ,两者不能混淆 ;外观设计专利授权条件中的美感应改为装饰性 ,以反映外观设计的本质特点     

小学环境教育校本课程的开发与设计——以鞍山市二一九小学为例

环境教育是现代教育改革的重要理念,旨在引领学生体验人与自然的关系,提高环境保护的意识,学习解决和避免环境问题的方法,来提高生活质量。环境教育能够帮助学生学习许多知识和技能,形成能力和价值观,理解持续保护地球资源的义务和保持环境质量的责任。研究团队通过辽宁省鞍山市二一九小学开发和设计环境教育校本课程的过程,实现环境教育的目标,开发系列环境教育内容,针对不同年级学生认知特点,形成独立的学习主题,进行有效的环境教育学习。     

以学生学习为导向的小学语文作业设计探讨

教师的作业设计,从一个侧面体现了教师的教育思想、教育观念、教育追求,密切联系着学生的成长。小学语文作业设计应该回归教师设计原点,紧扣语文学科的特点,从学生的学习特点、学习需要出发,注重学生的语感培养和语文实践活动,达到提高学生的语文素养的目的。     

Power and perceptions in participatory monitoring and evaluation

This paper examines the assumptions that commonly underpin the design of participatory monitoring and evaluation (PM&E) within development programmes through the examination of a case study of a large rural development programme in Uganda. This case study reveals a mismatch between programme assumptions and participant perceptions, which stymied the implementation of PM&E. In this case, PM&E was based on the assumptions that programme and participant goals were compatible, participants were willing to volunteer and engage themselves for the greater good of their communities, and information sharing and communication was fairly free and open. However, farmers within the programme felt that the bureaucratic and accountability requirements of the programme were not their concern, and were acutely aware of power differences between farmers and programme officials, and between farmers of varying status. The key lesson to be drawn from this case is the need for a heightened awareness of power dynamics and political factors in the design of PM&E.     

USING CONJOINT ANALYSIS TO PREDICT TRIAL AND REPEAT-PURCHASE PATTERNS OF NEW FREQUENTLY PURCHASED PRODUCTS*

A new approach is proposed to evaluate new-product opportunities. This approach uses the distribution of brand-purchase probability of the new product over a population of potential customers and the outputs from conjoint analysis. The heterogeneous distribution of brand-purchase probability is expressed by a beta binomial brand-choice model compounded with a negative binomial product-class purchase-incidence model. The resulting model provides a way to predict trial and repeat-purchase patterns of new-product concepts. The paper discusses the development of the model. It also discusses issues of measurement, estimation, testing, and implementation of the proposed approach based on actual empirical data.     

农村旅游景观设计浅探

本文从景观设计的相关定义人手,逐步谈论了农村旅游景观设计的要点、原则、一般程序、方法、相关技术指标（参数）等,阐述了如何设计旅游景观和如何利用景观发展旅游的一些方法和技术性问题,可资相关部门制定政策时参考,     

"包装结构设计"课程教学的实践与探讨

文章讨论了“包装结构设计”课程的特点及传统教学存在的问题,然后在教学内容和教学方法上提出了若干改革建议。     

模具设计课程教学与企业实践中的几点不同之处

依据高职院校模具专业人才培养能力定位，结合模具企业工作岗位能力要求，结合教学与模具企业工作实际，提出了模具设计课程教学中需要增设的内容，希望能对该专业教师及教辅人员有一定启发和帮助，并能达到良好的教学效果与预期的教学目标。     

Designs for estimating the difference between two responses

In this paper the problem of designing experiments for estimating the difference between responses at two arbitrary points in the region of interest is considered. Under the average mean squared error criterion the design moment conditions have been worked out. The results have been applied to the class of central composite designs.