中国法学实证研究客观性难题求解——韦伯社会科学方法论的启示

以实证研究方法为特色的中国法治实践学派日益受到关注。中国法学研究方法正处于转型之中,实证研究方法将成为法学研究的常规范式。一些学者对法学实证研究的客观性提出质疑。求解实证研究的客观性难题可以从马克斯·韦伯那里得到启发。韦伯对社会科学的客观性研究具有代表性,认为人文社会科学可以做到“价值无涉”。韦伯主张的客观性以价值关联为前提,以客观可能性为基础,以对理想类型的应用和超越为实现路径。在法学研究中,运用指向客观性的社会科学研究方法具有必然性,这是由法学研究对象的广泛性以及法学对法律的批判功能决定的。法学实证研究并不排斥主流的规范研究,两者应互相补充,这也是中国法治实践学派的基本立场。中国法学实证研究要实现客观性,需要兼顾证实与证伪,注重文献的积累、理解的逻辑以及实践。中国法治实践学派的目标是要在韦伯方法论基础上实现创新和超越。     

上海与纽约黄金期货价格联动关系实证分析

为研究国内外期货黄金价格之间的关联性,对2011～ 2012年间的纽约期金日收盘价格和上海期金开盘价格进行协整检验、因果检验,建立误差修正模型,进行脉冲响应分析和方差分解研究.结果表明：上海黄金期货市场与纽约黄金期货市场价格之间存在长期均衡的关系.上海期货价格受到纽约期货市场价格的影响幅度更大,时间间隔更短.     

“是我非我”的启示——从不确定性的王国到翻译书写

借鉴当代法国史学领域内的研究成果,对翻译实践中出现的“是我非我”现象做了一番梳理和分析,并指出无意识和一致性逻辑之间的矛盾是造成译者“是我非我”的根本原因。基于这个矛盾,本文认为,翻译的本质是模棱两可的;翻译的问题不是方法上的问题;翻译的方法只能是一种不确切的方法;所谓的翻译其实是作者和译者共同完成的翻译书写。     

社会心理测量中降低主观性偏差的方法探索——一项关于组织认同的测量思路与量表设计及其结果

对作为一种社会心理现象的组织认同的测量思路，从大的视野看，应该既从组织成员对组织与自己关系的内在体验和感受，也从其对这种关系表现出的外显性行为两个方面实施；从具体操作言，还应寻求组织认同中个体的主我认知与他我认知的统一，把二者的测量得分合二为一后，求对同一个问题的整合结果。测量量表的设计与编制应该同时考虑两个方面：一是在设计心理倾向测量的同时必须考虑测量内在心理和外显性行为表现两个层次；二是在测量这种主观意向倾向时应注意从主我与他我的两个方面。实际的测量结果有降低测量的主观性偏差和提高测量的精确度两个特点。     

错误分析及其对外语教学实践的启迪——外语教育语言学研究之三

本文就错误分析产生的背景、错误分析对外语教学研究的意义、以及错误分析的程序进行了阐述；并提出和探讨了错误分析对外语教学实践所起到的三个方面的启迪作用。     

Models for estimating discount rates for long-term health risks using labor market data

This article utilizes evidence from job choices involving fatality risks to estimate individual discount rates for adverse health outcomes. The study compares the results from five distinct models for estimating discount rates from labor market data. The estimated discount rates range from 1% to 14% with confidence intervals that usually include financial market rates for the same period. This result, and consistent findings of significant compensating differentials for fatality risk, provide strong support for life-cycle models of individual rationality in the choice of job risks. Discounted value-of-life estimates are also developed and compared to the crosssection estimates that are more prevalent in the literature.     

Order statistics from non-identical right-truncated Lomax random variables with applications

In this paper, we derive some recurrence relations for the single and the product moments of order statistics from n independent and non-identically distributed Lomax and right-truncated Lomax random variables. These recurrence relations are simple in nature and could be used systematically in order to compute all the single and product moments of all order statistics in a simple recursive manner. The results for order statistics from the multiple-outlier model (with a slippage of p observations) are deduced as special cases. We then apply these results by examining the robustness of censored BLUE's to the presence of multiple outliers. Received: November 30, 1998; revised version: March 8, 2000     

The general class of chain estimators for the ratio of two means using double sampling

A wider class of chain based estimators for the ratio of two means of a finite population has been proposed by using two auxiliary variables. Singh et al.(1994) is a particular case of this class.     

铂电阻测温非线性校正的两种新方法

根据正反馈原理，本文提出了铂电阻非线性校正基于级数展开和基于准相对误差最小的两种新方法，给出了参数设计的争有达式，设计及实际应用表明，这些方法简单、实用、有效，大大方便了铂电曙度传感器在测控系统中的应用。     

Computing optimal adjustment schemes for the general tool-wear problem

An important problem in process adjustment using feedback is how often to sample the process and when and by how much to apply an adjustment. Minimum cost feedback schemes based on simple, but practically interesting, models for disturbances and dynamics have been discussed in several particular cases. The more general situation in which there may be measurement and adjustment errors, deterministic process drift, and costs of taking an observation, of making an adjustment, and of being off target, is considered in this article. Assuming all these costs to be known, a numerical method to minimize the overall expected cost is presented. This numerical method provides the optimal sampling interval, action limits, and amount of adjustment; and the resulting average adjustment interval, mean squared deviation from target, and minimum overall expected cost. When the costs of taking an observation, of making an adjustment, and of being off target are not known, the method can be used to choose a particular scheme by judging the advantages and disadvantages of alternative options considering the mean squared deviation they produce, the frequency with which they require observations to be made, and the resulting overall length of time between adjustments. Computer codes that perform the required computations are provided in the appendices and applied to find optimal adjustment schemes in three real examples of application.