情感因素与英语纠错原则

本文指出科学纠错是英语教学中一个重要环节,焦虑对学习者造成极大的影响,应了解英语学习者常犯的错误类型、原因,掌握正确的纠错方法。     

介质粘度对椭圆齿轮流量计误差特性影响的研究

本文根据粘性流体力学原理和转子动力学理论,详细分析了椭圆齿轮流量计内的缝隙漏流,建立了能预测介质粘度对流量计误差特性影响的理论模型。数值计算结果表明,理论值与实验数据基本吻合。     

Do Users Ignore Spatial Data Quality? A Decision‐Theoretic Perspective

Risk analysis (RA) has been proposed as a means of assessing fitness for use of spatial data but is only rarely adopted. The proposal is that better decisions can be made by accounting for risks due to errors in spatial data. Why is RA so rarely adopted? Most geographical information science (GISc) literature stresses educational and technical constraints. In this article we propose, based on decision theory, a number of hypotheses for why the user would be more or less willing to spend resources on RA. The hypotheses were tested with a questionnaire, which showed that the willingness to spend resources on RA depends on the presence of feedback mechanisms in the decision‐making process, on how much is at stake, and to a minor extent on how well the decision‐making process can be modeled.     

Weight matrices for social influence analysis: An investigation of measurement errors and their effect on model identification and estimation quality

Weight matrices, such as used in network autocorrelation models, are useful to investigate social influence processes. The objective of this paper is to investigate a key topic that has received relatively little attention in previous research, namely the issues that arise when observational limitations lead to measurement errors in these weight matrices. Measurement errors are investigated from two perspectives: when relevant ties are omitted, and when irrelevant ties are erroneously included as part of the matrix. The paper first shows analytically that these two situations result in biased estimates. Next, a simulation experiment provides evidence of the effect of erroneously coding the weight matrix on model performance and the ability of a network autocorrelation test to identify social influence effects. The results suggest that depending on the level of autocorrelation and the topology attributes of the underlying matrix, there is a window of opportunity to identify and model social influence processes even in situations where the ties in a matrix cannot be accurately observed.     

特殊的视角 深刻的批判——从讽刺艺术角度解析《我是猫》

夏目漱石的代表作《我是猫》是日本文学史上的讽刺佳作，作者灵活运用夸张、反语、主观评论与客观叙述相结合等手法，对明治三十年代日本社会及部分小资产阶级知识分子作了入木三分的讽刺，形成了以“滑稽尖锐”为特征的讽刺风格。这种讽刺风格的形成与日本传统讽刺文学注重“游戏与笑”的精神是一脉相承的。     

影响港元汇率的外部因素:来自其他货币汇率变动的冲击

香港是一个高度开放的小规模经济体,容易受到外来因素的冲击.在这种情况下,港元汇率也经常受到来自贸易伙伴或贸易竞争对手等其他国家或地区的货币汇率变动的影响.本文详细分析了其他货币汇率变动对港元汇率的两个层次的影响,指出港元汇率与这些货币汇率之间存在长期必然的关系,并且运用了协整分析的计量方法,得到了实证结果的支持.为维护港元汇率的稳定,香港当局必须针对不同的影响分别予以应对之策.     

重要抽样技术中的一种新混合偏置法

研究数字通信系统计算机仿真中误码率(Pe)估计的重要抽样法,提出了一种新的混合偏置技术,计算了最佳化参数,分析了性能。结果表明,与现有文献中提出的方法相比,采用该技术,在大多数情况下可以得到更好的估计性能;特别是在只知系统Pe的粗略值时,使用此技术具有明显的优越性。     

关于误差理论若干基本问题的探讨

本文对于不确定度等若干误差理论中的基本问题进行了探讨,提出了一些新的见解与观点,希望能达到加深对这些问题的理解,统一有关名词术语及其定义,并改善它们的应用之目的。     

圆光栅刻划误差的自动校正

指出了提高圆光栅刻划精度的途径，并给出刻划误差自动校正的方法．通过对误差源的分析，找出主要误差的变化规律并导出其数学表达式，利用微机控制的专门装置，使光栅在刻划时转动一个附加角度，从而自动校正刻划误差     

On the Selection of Distributions for Stochastic Variables

One of the main steps in an uncertainty analysis is the selection of appropriate probability distribution functions for all stochastic variables. In this paper, criteria for such selections are reviewed, the most important among them being any a priori knowledge about the nature of a stochastic variable, and the Central Limit Theorem of probability theory applied to sums and products of stochastic variables. In applications of these criteria, it is shown that many of the popular selections, such as the uniform distribution for a poorly known variable, require far more knowledge than is actually available. However, the knowledge available is usually sufficient to make use of other, more appropriate distributions. Next, functions of stochastic variables and the selection of probability distributions for their arguments as well as the use of different methods of error propagation through these functions are discussed. From these evaluations, priorities can be assigned to determine which of the stochastic variables in a function need the most care in selecting the type of distribution and its parameters. Finally, a method is proposed to assist in the assignment of an appropriate distribution which is commensurate with the total information on a particular stochastic variable, and is based on the scientific method. Two examples are given to elucidate the method for cases of little or almost no information.