复杂渐变线的分析与综合

给出了一种渐变线分析和综合的数值方法，该方法考虑了传播常数沿渐变线变化的因素以及色散效应，能对ＴＥＭ波和非ＴＥＭ波传输线的渐变结构作较好的近似处理，得到分析和综合复杂渐变线的普遍表达式。通过计算机优化方法，可直接得到渐变线的设计尺寸。在优化设计中，通过取不同的目标函数，能实现任意频率响应的渐变线。     

培养逻辑思维能力 实践科学发展观

实践科学发展观必须具备科学认识客观事物的能力和素质。这样的能力和素质是需要培养才能形成的。文章从分析逻辑与语言的关系以及逻辑思维与语言的关系入手，由“客观世界→思维→语言”这一人类认知过程顺序推出了它的逆向过程“语言→思维→客观世界”的逻辑合理性。同时，还论述了逻辑思维的重要性、可能性与可靠性，与此同时倡导：为了培养逻辑思维能力，应尽可能地使用符合逻辑的语言表达式。因为唯有如此，正确认识和反映客观规律才成为可能，自主创新和科学发展才拥有先决条件。     

具有分段常数变元的时滞微分方程的振动解

研究了具有分段常数变元的时滞微分方程解的振动性 ,获得了方程解振动的若干充分条件 ,推广并改进了文 [1 -2 ]中的结果     

A generalization of the binomial distribution

This paper presents a new departure in the generalization of the binomial distribution by adopting the assumption that the underlying Bernoulli trials take on the values α or β where α < β, rather than the conventional values 0 or 1. The adoption of this more general assumption renders the binomial distribution a four-parameter distribution of the form B(n,p,α,β), and requires the generalization of Romanovsky's (1923) reduction formula for central moments. This paper assesses the usefulness of B(n,p,α,β), and its reduction formula, in the numerical analysis of two problems of interest to decision theorists.     

Variance Estimation in Heteroscedastic Models by Undecimated Haar Transform

We propose a method in order to maximize the accuracy in the estimation of piecewise constant and piecewise smooth variance functions in a nonparametric heteroscedastic fixed design regression model. The difference-based initial estimates are obtained from the given observations. Then an estimator is constructed by using iterative regularization method with the analysis-prior undecimated three-level Haar transform as regularizer term. We notice that this method shows better results in the mean square sense over an existing adaptive estimation procedure considering all the standard test functions used in addition to the functions that we target. Some simulations and comparisons with other methods are conducted to assess the performance of the proposed method.     

A cluster‐sample approach for Monte Carlo integration using multiple samplers

A computational problem in many fields is to estimate simultaneously multiple integrals and expectations, assuming that the data are generated by some Monte Carlo algorithm. Consider two scenarios in which draws are simulated from multiple distributions but the normalizing constants of those distributions may be known or unknown. For each scenario, existing estimators can be classified as using individual samples separately or using all the samples jointly. The latter pooled‐sample estimators are statistically more efficient but computationally more costly to evaluate than the separate‐sample estimators. We develop a cluster‐sample approach to obtain computationally effective estimators, after draws are generated for each scenario. We divide all the samples into mutually exclusive clusters and combine samples from each cluster separately. Furthermore, we exploit a relationship between estimators based on samples from different clusters to achieve variance reduction. The resulting estimators, compared with the pooled‐sample estimators, typically yield similar statistical efficiency but have reduced computational cost. We illustrate the value of the new approach by two examples for an Ising model and a censored Gaussian random field. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 41: 151–173; 2013 © 2012 Statistical Society of Canada     

社会冲突的常规化管理:必要性、障碍与路径选择

当前中国社会进入了转型时期冲突的高发期,尤其以各类群体性事件最为突出.对此,不论是政府的现实应对还是学术界的理论研究,更多体现的是一种应急化管理的思路.冲突的应急化管理固然很重要,但是从它与常规化管理的关系以及当前冲突的生成过程来看,无疑是加强冲突的常规化管理显得更加重要和更为关键.不过,实现冲突的常规化管理面临着压力型体制、政府“一家独大”的社会管理格局、体制性迟钝、冲突过程兼具合法性与非法性、地方政府公信力不足等体制性和现实性的障碍.有鉴于此,可以尝试从冲突管理的常态化、制度化、程序化和层次化等方面进行探索和改进.     

Erlang风险模型有限时间的破产概率

Erlang风险模型广泛应用于排队论、控制论以及金融风险过程.本文在索赔来到(claim-arrival)为Erlang过程,索赔额服从帕雷托分布以及具有常数利息力度的假设下,得到了有限时间内破产概率的渐近表达公式.该结果实质性地推广了Kluppelberg and Stadtmuller[1]和Tang[2]的结果:前者考虑了无穷时间的破产概率,而后者考虑的过程局限为泊松的.由破产模型与排队模型之间的联系可知,本文的结果在管理科学中有许多应用.     

有附加质量时纵振动超声变幅杆的长度估算

本文对超声振动切削中有附加质量(刀具)的纵振动变幅杆的共振长度进行了理论计算。将附加质量看成质点,对等截面杆、指数形杆、园锥形杆、悬链线形杆,分别给出了共振长度的计算式。可在设计变幅杆时,对所需长度进行估算。     

模糊控制在自动恒压给水设备中的应用

介绍自动恒压给水系统的设计思想和结构方案,阐述了模糊控制器的控制规则和有关的程序流程图。