Transformations for Smooth Regression Models with Multiplicative Errors

We consider whether one should transform to estimate nonparametrically a regression curve sampled from data with a constant coefficient of variation, i.e. with multiplicative errors. Kernel-based smoothing methods are used to provide curve estimates from the data both in the original units and after transformation. Comparisons are based on the mean-squared error (MSE) or mean integrated squared error (MISE), calculated in the original units. Even when the data are generated by the simplest multiplicative error model, the asymptotically optimal MSE (or MISE) is surprisingly not always obtained by smoothing transformed data, but in many cases by directly smoothing the original data. Which method is optimal depends on both the regression curve and the distribution of the errors. Data-based procedures which could be useful in choosing between transforming and not transforming a particular data set are discussed. The results are illustrated on simulated and real data.     

德育资源及其开发利用

德育资源是指可以运用于德育过程、能够给受教育者的思想道德产生积极影响的一切现实和潜在的因素。相对于德育条件,德育资源具有更高的抽象性、概括力,更大的通用性、普适性,更鲜明的主体性、积极性。德育资源的优化配置、高效利用、持续开发是构成健康德育资源观的基本内容。     

参数自适应模糊控制的自动送钻技术研究

针对传统送钻方式的不足及钻井过程复杂、数学模型难建立等特点,在简要分析交流变频自动送钻系统的工作原理和影响送钻的各因素之间关系后,提出将参数自调整模糊控制与交流变频恒钻压自动送钻相结合。通过对钻压趋势的判断,采用参数自调整模糊PI 控制,实现对送钻电机转速的控制。该算法不需要精确的数学模型,可通过自学习实时修正控制参数。试验表明：控制效果良好,在保证恒钻压的基础上,可实现稳速送钻,提高了系统调节的快速性、自适应性和鲁棒性,精度高,现场应用证实此算法控制效果优越,可实现送钻稳态精度在±0.5 t 之内,而且送钻更加平稳,控制算法亦具有通用性。     

When Costs Are Unequal and Unknown: A Subtree Grafting Approach for Unbalanced Data Classification*

In binary classifications, a decision tree learned from unbalanced data typically creates an important challenge related to the high misclassification rate of the minority class. Assigning different misclassification costs can address this problem, though usually at the cost of accuracy for the majority class. This effect can be particularly hazardous if the costs cannot be specified precisely. When the costs are unknown or difficult to determine, decision makers may prefer a classifier with more balanced accuracy for both classes rather than a standard or cost‐sensitively learned one. In the context of learning trees, this research therefore proposes a new tree induction approach called subtree grafting (STG). On the basis of a real bank data set and several other data sets, we test the proposed STG method and find that our proposed approach provides a successful compromise between standard and cost‐sensitive trees.     

对硝基苯甲腈水解速率常数的测定

本文以对硝基苯甲腈为例,介绍了用高效液相色谱法测定其水解反应速率常数的方法,并通过控制水解体系的温度为40℃和60℃、pH为7和12,进行测定,绘制水解曲线,讨论了温度、pH对水解速率常数的影响,测定结果表明:其水解速率常数随温度升高而增加,pH对水解速率常数影响极大.     

中国工业部门的能源CES生产函数估计

在构建1980—2010年中国工业部门投入—产出的数量和价格数据库基础上,估计了中国工业部门的能源CES生产函数,通过比较不同函数形式下的估计结果后发现:（1）（KE）L函数形式较符合中国工业部门的实际情况,且工业部门的资本—能源替代弹性的估计值为0.32,合成品—劳动的替代弹性的估计值为0.22;（2）（KE）L函数形式下,中国工业部门能源CES生产函数中的能源增强型技术进步率的估计值为2%,资本增强型技术进步率的估计值为-4%,劳动增强型技术进步率的估计值为6%。     

Bayesian outlier testing using the predictive distribution for a linear model op constant intraclass form

The problem of testing suspected outliers from a linear model with constant intraclass correlation is considered from a Bayesian viewpoint. The main objective of this paper is to develop an outlier test procedure based on the predictive distribution of suspected outlier observations given a set of existing inlier observations. The test procedure is easily performed with the usual F and t distributions.     

马克思不变资本节约理论及其在社会主义市场经济条件下的应用

产品成本的高低对企业竞争力的培育有重要影响，尤其在处于工业化中期的我国，其作用更加明显。本文探讨了马克思的不变资本节约理论，并以此理论为依据，提出了我国企业降低成本，提高竞争力的一系列措施。     

de Sitter空间S_1~(n+1)(c)中标准数量曲率为c的类空超曲面

得到deSitter空间s_1~(n+1)(c)中标准数量曲率为常数c的类空超曲面的一个定理:设M~n是de Sitter空间s_1~(n+1)(c)中标准数量曲率r与s_1~(n+1)(c)的截面曲率c相等的n维(n>2)紧致的类空超曲面,则M~n是全测地超曲面.