Recursive estimation of the mode of a multivariate density

Let f be an unknown possibly multimodal density on R^d and let X₁, X₂, … be a sequence of independent random vectors with density f. Several recursive estimates of the mode of f are proposed, and sufficient conditions ensuring their weak and strong consistency are established.     

Sequential procedures based on M-estimators with discontinuous score functions

Bounded-width sequential confidence intervals and sequential tests for regression parameter based on M-estimators are extended to the case where the score-functions generating the M-estimators have jump-discontinuities. In the context of the asymptotic normality of the stopping variable, for the confidence interval problem, it is observed that the jump-discontinuities induce a slower rate of convergence. The proofs of the main theorems rest on the weak convergence of some related processes and this is also studied.     

A NOTE ON SAMPLE QUANTILE PROCESSES OF FINITE POPULATIONS

A representation is established for sample quantile processes of simple random samples drawn without replacement from finite populations. The result is then used to obtain weak limits of properly normalized quantile processes and their linear functions.     

A consistent system of conditional probabilities which is not compatible with any random field

A consistent, Markovian family of conditional densities is constructed which is not compatible with any random field.     

利益一致性、供销社推动与农民专业合作社的联合--基于河北省灵寿县青同镇农民专业合作社联合社的案例分析

通过对灵寿县青同镇农民专业合作社联合社的案例分析发现,该联合社是当地各方利益主体追求外部利润的共同诉求下达成利益一致同意的产物。供销社在联合社的组建和经营过程中发挥了重要作用,显示了在合作社发展不成熟时,由公共部门组织参与推动、组建联合社的必要性。联合社成立后,充分协调发挥组织优势,实现了规模经济与范围经济双重经营绩效。     

全面品牌管理:服务品牌管理的新视角

将传统产品品牌管理理论直接应用于服务品牌化实践的做法一直备受学界质疑,研究适应服务品牌化的相关理论成为学界关注的焦点。通过对国内外服务品牌化的文献研究,总结了服务品牌的特点,分析了服务品牌化面临的挑战,归纳了服务品牌全面管理的主要内容。研究认为,相较于传统产品品牌,服务品牌具有体验属性、关系属性和公司属性等特点;服务品牌化面临品牌一致性和品牌可控性等方面的挑战,而全面品牌管理是克服服务品牌化挑战的有效策略;全面品牌管理涉及整体性的品牌组织、全员性的品牌参与、全程性品牌管理、一致性品牌沟通和全效性品牌考评。研究结果表明,服务品牌管理应该树立品牌导向观,变革原有基于产品品牌的管理体系,从而建立适应服务品牌化的全面品牌管理体系,这是服务品牌化理论发展的新方向,也是服务企业品牌管理实践的新思路。     

Test for Parameter Change in Linear Processes Based on Whittle's Estimator

In this article, we develop a cusum test for testing for parameter changes in linear processes based on Whittle's estimator. It is shown that under regularity conditions, the test statistic converges to the sup of a Brownian bridge. The result is particularly useful in handling the change point test in stationary ARMA processes. A simulation result is provided for illustration.     

Ridge Regression Estimation for Survey Samples

This paper describes procedure for constructing a vector of regression weights. Under the regression superpopulation model, the ridge regression estimator that has minimum model mean squared error is derived. Through a simulation study, we compare the ridge regression weights, regression weights, quadratic programming weights, and raking ratio weights. The ridge regression procedure with weights bounded by zero performed very well.     

On Nonparametric Maximum Likelihood Estimations of Multivariate Distribution Function Based on Interval-Censored Data

This article considers the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) of a joint distribution function when the multivariate failure times of interest are interval-censored. With different types of interval censoring mechanism, the NPMLE's of the multivariate distribution function are studied and the strong consistency for the NPMLEs is obtained in terms of a self-consistency equation. Furthermore, the convergence rate of the estimator is given, which depends on the types of interval censoring mechanism.     

The Recursive Kernel Distribution Function Estimator Based on Negatively and Positively Associated Sequences

Let {X _j , j ≥ 1} be a strictly stationary negatively or positively associated sequence of real valued random variables with unknown distribution function F(x). On the basis of the random variables {X _j , j ≥ 1}, we propose a smooth recursive kernel-type estimate of F(x), and study asymptotic bias, quadratic-mean consistency and asymptotic normality of the recursive kernel-type estimator under suitable conditions.