Robust image segmentation via Bayesian type criterion

Image segmentation plays an important role in image processing before image recognition or compression. Many segmentation solutions follow the information theoretic criteria and often have excellent results; however, they are not robust to reduce the noise effect in contaminated image data. To guarantee the optimal segmentation with possible noise, a robust Bayesian information criterion is proposed to segment a grayscale image and it is less sensitive to noise. The asymptotic properties are also studied. Monte Carlo numerical experiments along with a brain magnetic resonance image are conducted to evaluate the performance of the new method.     

基于G1法的判断矩阵的一致性分析

应用层次分析法(AHP)法的难点在于构造判断矩阵,构造判断矩阵的难点在于其一致性问题,本文用G1法分析造成AHP判断矩阵不一致的原因,指出了G1法与构造判断矩阵的本质区别,解决了层次分析法的应用难题.同时对一些文献基于构造判断矩阵得出的值得商榷的结论进行了讨论.     

三维面板结构VAR模型的估计

文章构建了三维面板结构VAR模型,并提出参数估计的一致性方法,编制估计程序,仿真模拟有限样本性质。结果表明:在给定N₁、N₂的情况下,随着T的增加,参数的估计值与真值的偏差逐渐减少,并逼近于0;当T固定时,逐渐增大N₁、N₂,偏误逐渐减小,也都趋近于0。随着样本容量的增大,参数估计量的标准误均有逐渐减小的趋势。通过JB检验发现参数估计量都接受服从正态分布的原假设,具有较好的正态性。     

A class of one sample tests based on the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon functional

The main idea behind the proposed class of tests is rooted on an extension of the technique used in the derivation of the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test. Just like the case of two-sample rank-based tests, the new class consists of tests defined through score functions. When properly selected, these score functions lead to consistent and often more powerful tests compared with classical goodness-of-fit tests. Theoretical results are supported by an extensive simulation study.     

A Further Study on Reliable Life Estimation under Ranked Set Sampling

This article considers nonparametric estimation of reliable life based on ranked set sampling and its properties. It is proven analytically that the large sample efficiency of the reliable life estimator under the balanced ranked set sampling is higher than that under the simple random sampling of the same size, but the relative efficiency damps away as the reliable life moves away from the median on both directions. To improve the efficiency for the estimation of extreme reliable life, we then propose a reliable life estimator under a modified ranked set sampling protocol, its strong consistency and asymptotic normality are established. The proposed sampling is shown to be superior to the balanced ranked set sampling, and the relative advantage improves as the reliable life moves away from median. Finally, results of simulation studies for small sample as well as an application to a real data set are presented to illustrate some of the theoretical findings.     

Exploring the Relationship Between Public Opinion and Personal Attitudes and Behavior Toward Lesbians and Gay Men: Social Conformity Revisited

This study investigated the relationship between social conformity, gender-role egalitarianism, and personal levels of heterosexism, or prejudice based on same-sex orientation. Mock public opinion polls of a positive or negative nature regarding same-sex orientation were used to study attitudinal and behavioral change of participants and attitude-behavior consistency. The study sample included 194 undergraduate students from a Midwestern university. A correlation existed between participants' traditional gender role beliefs and heterosexism. Participants who viewed the positive public opinion poll demonstrated behavioral support for a lesbian and gay organization, as did participants with positive attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. Findings are analyzed within a social prejudice framework.     

论零通货膨胀均衡与动态一致相容性

一般认为,作为理想规则的零通胀均衡是动态不一致的,然而这里却论述了零通货膨胀率借助无限期界设定下的广泛存在性:无限期界内在经济强制力下的一劳永逸的存在性;无限期界路径依赖下的存在性,这两者都是动态一致的。且在引入外生不确定性的信誉模型中,零通货膨胀均衡无论作为纯策略的随机结果(较大概率)出现,还是作为混合策略的(较小概率)随机结果出现,均是整个最优动态化路径的组成部分,从而仍与动态一致相容。     

An Axiomatization of Cumulative Prospect Theory for Decision Under Risk

Cumulative prospect theory was introduced by Tversky and Kahneman so as to combine the empirical realism of their original prospect theory with the theoretical advantages of Quiggin's rank-dependent utility. Preference axiomatizations were provided in several papers. All those axiomatizations, however, only consider decision under uncertainty. No axiomatization has been provided as yet for decision under risk, i.e., the case in which given probabilities are transformed. Providing the latter is the purpose of this note. The resulting axiomatization is considerably simpler than that for uncertainty.     

Data Driven Rank Test for Two-Sample Problem

Traditional linear rank tests are known to possess low power for large spectrum of alternatives. In this paper we introduce a new rank test possessing a considerably larger range of sensitivity than linear rank tests. The new test statistic is a sum of squares of some linear rank statistics while the number of summands is chosen via a data-based selection rule. Simulations show that the new test possesses high and stable power in situations when linear rank tests completely break down, while simultaneously it has almost the same power under alternatives which can be detected by standard linear rank tests. Our approach is illustrated by some practical examples. Theoretical support is given by deriving asymptotic null distribution of the test statistic and proving consistency of the new test under essentially any alternative.     

Asymptotic properties of maximum quasi-likelihood estimator in quasi-likelihood non linear models with stochastic regression

In this paper, we establish the asymptotic properties of maximum quasi-likelihood estimator (MQLE) in quasi-likelihood non linear models (QLNMs) with stochastic regression under some mild regular conditions. We also investigate the existence, strong consistency, and asymptotic normality of MQLE in QLNMs with stochastic regression.