实现环境污染负外部性的内在化

在当今中国,靠一般号召和一般行政手段不能根本解决环境污染问题。环境经济学、产权经济学启示我们,必须努力做到环境污染负外部性的内在化,应该特别地加强资源、环境法制保障体系的建设。     

Ethics and Choosing Appropriate Means to an End: Problems with Coal Mine and Nuclear Workplace Safety

A common problem in ethics is that people often desire an end but fail to take the means necessary to achieve it. Employers and employees may desire the safety end mandated by performance standards for pollution control, but they may fail to employ the means, specification standards, necessary to achieve this end. This article argues that current (de jure) performance standards, for lowering employee exposures to ionizing radiation, fail to promote de facto worker welfare, in part because employers and employees do not follow the necessary means (practices known as specification standards) to achieve the end (performance standards) of workplace safety. To support this conclusion, the article argues that (1) safety requires attention to specification, as well as performance, standards; (2) coal-mine specification standards may fail to promote performance standards; (3) nuclear workplace standards may do the same; (4) choosing appropriate means to the end of safety requires attention to the ways uncertainties and variations in exposure may mask violations of standards; and (5) correcting regulatory inattention to differences between de jure and de facto is necessary for achievement of ethical goals for safety.     

对完善我国环境污染防治法律的思考

文章从宏观上通过对我国环境污染防治法律缺陷的分析,有针对性地提出了完善的建议,试图从法律的角度探寻防治环境污染的有效途径,以期对我国环境污染防治法律的修订提供可鉴之处。     

环境规制、土地资源错配与环境污染

文章以2013—2018年中国267个地级及以上城市为研究对象,实证研究了土地资源错配与环境污染之间的关系以及环境规制在土地资源错配和环境污染之间的调节作用。结果表明:土地资源错配与环境污染呈显著正相关关系,即土地资源错配会造成环境污染,且环境规制在土地资源错配和环境污染之间具有抑制作用。异质性分析中,运用地理加权回归模型,按照土地资源错配对环境的污染程度对城市分类,与中度污染组相比,环境规制对重度污染组的土地资源错配和环境污染之间的抑制作用更加显著;按照全国资源型城市分类,与成长型城市和衰退型城市组相比,环境规制的抑制作用在成熟型城市和再生型城市组更明显。     

论我国环境押金法律制度的构建

为了遏制随意丢弃固体废物的行为,减少固体废物的产生量,同时也有利于固体废物的回收利用,我国应建立环境押金法律制度。本文论证了在我国建立该制度的必要性和可行性,并对我国环境押金法律制度的构建提出自己的设想。     

我国水污染防治法基本原则的界定和建构

我们认为应该从“外在的形式标准”、“内在的价值追求”、“应遵守的科学性原理”以及“结构和功能上的整体性和层次性”四个维度科学界定和建构水污染防治法基本原则所必需遵循的准则。 “生活饮用水优先和重点保护原则”；“预防为主，科学防治原则”；“权责均衡原则”；“政府主导和公众参与相结合的原则”应该构成我国水污染防治法的基本原则体系。     

肉类食品的化学性污染及其防治措施

食品安全问题已成为二十一世纪食品研究领域的一大热点,肉类食品污染引发的疾病对人类健康也构成了严重威胁。尤其化学性污染引发的中毒事件逐年呈上升趋势,本文通过肉类食品的化学性污染和种类、来源、技术提出了化学性污染的控制措施。     

室内空气污染及其控制对策

从室内空气污染物主要来源、污染物及其危害入手，针对我国国情和以往我国室内空气质量控制存在的问题，从社会、技术等角度提出行政管理对策和技术防治对策．     

Technical Uncertainty in Quantitative Policy Analysis — A Sulfur Air Pollution Example

Expert judgments expressed as subjective probability distributions provide an appropriate means of incorporating technical uncertainty in some quantitative policy studies. Judgments and distributions obtained from several experts allow one to explore the extent to which the conclusions reached in such a study depend on which expert one talks to. For the case of sulfur air pollution from coal-fired power plants, estimates of sulfur mass balance as a function of plume flight time are shown to vary little across the range of opinions of leading atmospheric scientists while estimates of possible health impacts are shown to vary widely across the range of opinions of leading scientists in air pollution health effects.     

Analysis of the relationship between air pollution and asthma

In recent years, considerable attention has been devoted to methods for analyzing longitudinal data. A review of some of the issues surrounding the use of regression analysis is undertaken as they relate to a study of the health effects of air pollution in a group of asthmatics. Daily diary recordings of hours with asthma symptoms are found to be positively related to the daily mean concentration of total reduced sulphur as well as to the daily intake of nonsteroidal drug medication. This finding is corroborated using three different statistical models.