统筹城乡发展中的山西省农民素质研究

统筹城乡发展过程中,处在现代化进程中的农民是农村现代经济社会发展的主体,是推动农村经济社会科学发展的基本力量。当前农民素质的高低直接关系到农村社会主义精神文明建设的成败,也关系到农村经济社会能否科学发展。因此,应认真分析当前农民在文化素质、科技素质、思想道德素质以及法律意识等方面存在的主要问题并采取有效措施,从而不断提高农民素质,逐步缩小城乡差别,实现城乡一体化发展。     

关于人口均衡发展与妇女民生的理性思考

坚持计划生育的基本国策有利于推动人口长期均衡发展,有利于改善妇女民生和促进妇女发展。控制人口总量的适度规模、优化人口自然结构、合理分布人口、提高人口素质与促进妇女发展和进步之间具有高度的同一性及互促性。从其长远和根本来看,我国的生育政策调整有利于人口长期均衡发展,有益于国计民生,但在一定时期内,它也可能对妇女民生及妇女发展造成某些不良影响,应当采取有力措施给予妥善解决。     

Circular First- and Second-Order Balanced Repeated Measurements Designs

Sharma (1977 Sharma , V. K. ( 1977 ). Change-over designs with complete balance for first and second order residual effect . Canad. J. Statist. 5 : 121 – 132 .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) and Aggarwal et al. (2006 Aggarwal , M. L. , Deng , L.-Y. , Jha , M. K. ( 2006 ). Balanced residual treatment effects designs of first and second order . Statist. Probab. Lett. 76 : 597 – 600 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) considered non circular construction of first- and second-order balanced repeated measurements designs. Sharma et al. (2002 Sharma , V. K. , Varghese , C. , Jaggi , S. ( 2002 ). On optimality of change-over designs balanced for first and second order residual effects . Metron 60 : 153 – 162 . [Google Scholar]) constructed circular first- and second-order balanced repeated measurements designs only for a class with parameters (v, p = 3n, n = v ²) and also showed its universal optimality. In this article, we consider circular construction of first- and second-order balanced repeated measurements designs and strongly balanced repeated measurements designs by using the method of cyclic shifts. Some new circular designs with parameters (v, p, n) for cases p = v, p < v and p > v are given.     

Designs Robust against Violation of Normality Assumption in the Standard F-test

In this article, designs are found for which the F-test of analysis of variance is insensitive to violation of normality assumption. Atiqullah (1962 Atiquallah, M. (1962). The estimation of residual variance in quadratically balanced least-squares problems and the robustness of the F-test. Biometrika 49: 83–91.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) proved that the F-test for treatments adjusting for blocks in the intra-block analysis of a balanced incomplete block design is robust against non-normality in the observations. Here an attempt has been made to identify other designs robust in this sense. In particular, it is observed that for testing relevant hypothesis, a partially balanced incomplete block design in block design setup, under certain conditions, is robust. Robustness of a balanced treatment incomplete block design and a partially balanced treatment incomplete block design (Biswas, 2012 Biswas, A. (2012). Block designs robust against the presence of an aberration in a treatment-control setup. Commun Statist.Theor Methods 41: 920–933.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), in treatment-control design setup, is also studied. Moreover, a new measure of robustness is introduced for further study. The performance of the F-test in presence of non-normality in the observations for a quadratically balanced design is also examined.     

Statistical methodology for binary data from a set of partially structured two-way random cross-classifications

A complete two-way cross-classification design is not practical in many settings. For example, in a toxicological study where 30 male rats are mated with 30 female rats and each mating outcome (successful or unsuccessful)is observed, time and resource considerations can make the use of the complete design prohibitively costly. Partially structured variations of this design are, therefore, of interest (e.g., the balanced disjoint rectangle design, the fully diagonal design, and the "S"-design). Methodology for analyzing binary data from such incomplete designs is illustrated with an example. This methodology, which is based on infinite population sampling arguments, allows the estimation of the mean response, among-row correlation coefficient, among-column correlation coefficient, and the within-cell correlation coefficient as well as their standard errors.     

Bivariate distributions of some ratios of independent noncentral chi-square random variables

The bivariate distributions of three pairs of ratios of in¬dependent noncentral chi-square random variables are considered. These ratios arise in the problem of computing the joint power function of simultaneous F-tests in balanced ANOVA and ANCOVA. The distributions obtained are generalizations to the noncentral case of existing results in the literature. Of particular note is the bivariate noncentral F distribution, which generalizes a special case of Krishnaiah*s (1964,1965) bivariate central F distribution. Explicit formulae for the cdf's of these distribu¬tions are given, along with computational procedures     

A note on Pitman's measure of closeness with balanced loss function

In this note, we consider the problem of estimating an unknown parameter θ in the sense of the Pitman's measure of closeness (PMC) using the balanced loss function (BLF). We show that the PMC comparison of estimators under the BLF can be reduced to the PMC comparison under the usual absolute error loss. The Pitman-closest estimators of the location and scale parameters under BLF are also characterized. Illustrative examples are given to show the broad range applications of the obtained results.     

A note on Stein-type shrinkage estimator in partial linear models

In this paper, an exact sufficient condition for the dominance of the Stein-type shrinkage estimator over the usual unbiased estimator in a partial linear model is exhibited. Comparison result is then done under the balanced loss function. It is assumed that the vector of disturbances is typically distributed according to the law belonging to the sub-class of elliptically contoured models. It is also shown that the dominance condition is robust. Furthermore, a nonparametric estimation after estimation of the linear part is added for detecting the efficiency of the obtained results.     

(Un)expected exception: validating acquiescent response style factor in the Czech Republic

ABSTRACT

This study explores the acquiescent response style (ARS) among respondents in the Czech Republic. To analyse ARS, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed and the response style (RS) was modelled as a latent variable. The RS factor in the CFA model must be validated by its relationship to education and age, i.e. proxies of cognitive ability. The two studies presented in this article use large amount of data as all available balanced batteries of items were analysed. In Study 1, the RS factor showed no correlation with age/education in most of the models. Study 2 employed additional measures of cognitive ability and education and confirmed the overall absence of the relationship. Author concludes that the modelled RS factor then cannot be considered the ARS and deduces that the most likely explanation of the identified systematic error variance is the respondents’ carelessness manifested by automatically choosing the extreme agreement, or choosing the first presented answer as a result of memory effect.