Perceived Risks from Radiation and Nuclear Testing Near Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: A Comparison Between Physicians, Scientists, and the Public

Determining the difference in perception of risk between experts, or more educated professionals, and laypeople is important so that a potential hazard can be effectively communicated to the public. Many surveys have been conducted to better understand the difference between expert and public opinions, and often laypeople exhibit higher perceptions of risk to hazards in comparison to experts. This is especially true when health risk is due to radiation, nuclear power, and nuclear waste. This article focuses on one section of a risk perception survey given to two groups of individuals with a more specialized education (scientists and physicians) and laypeople (villagers) in the Semipalatinsk region of Kazakhstan. All of these groups live near the former Soviet nuclear test site. Originally, it was expected that the scientists and physicians would have similar perceptions of radiation risk, while the public perceptions would be higher, but this was not always the case. For example, when perceptions of risk pertain to the health impacts of nuclear testing or the dose-response nature of radiation exposure, the physicians tend to agree with the laypeople, not the scientists. The villagers are always the most risk-averse group, followed by the physicians and then the scientists. These differences are likely due to different frames of reference for each of the populations.     

The Incremental Group Testing Model for Gap Closing in Sequencing Long Molecules

In this paper, we propose the incremental group testing model for the gap closing problem, which assumes that we can tell the difference between the outcome of testing a subset S, and the outcome of testing S {x}. We also give improvements over currently best results in literature for some other models.     

Identification of Standard Auction Models

This paper presents new identification results for models of first–price, second–price, ascending (English), and descending (Dutch) auctions. We consider a general specification of the latent demand and information structure, nesting both private values and common values models, and allowing correlated types as well as ex ante asymmetry. We address identification of a series of nested models and derive testable restrictions enabling discrimination between models on the basis of observed data. The simplest model—symmetric independent private values—is nonparametrically identified even if only the transaction price from each auction is observed. For richer models, identification and testable restrictions may be obtained when additional information of one or more of the following types is available: (i) the identity of the winning bidder or other bidders; (ii) one or more bids in addition to the transaction price; (iii) exogenous variation in the number of bidders; (iv) bidder–specific covariates. While many private values (PV) models are nonparametrically identified and testable with commonly available data, identification of common values (CV) models requires stringent assumptions. Nonetheless, the PV model can be tested against the CV alternative, even when neither model is identified.     

浅议我国行政规划的制定程序

作为现代行政的重要手段，行政规划在政府行政中的作用将愈加突显，与之相对应，对行政规划的规制也将愈加重要。而在其规制中，最重要的就是规范行政规划的制定程序。只有规范行政规划的制定程序，才能保证行政规划的合法性与合理性，使行政目标得以实现。     

美国少年司法变迁中的正当法律程序改革及其借鉴

美国传统少年司法曾经长期不受正当法律程序的约束,这样的特例被认为是为了有利于保证罪错少年获得最有利的处遇。但这样的观念和实践在1967年高尔特案件后开始改变,罪错少年也逐步获得了类似成年罪犯那样的正当法律程序权利的保障。与美国少年司法进行正当法律程序改革之前相似,中国目前对于具有严重不良行为的少年的处置,同样基本上没有任何正当法律程序的保障,这样的状况急需改变。     

A hybrid genetic algorithm/mathematical programming approach to the multi-family flowshop scheduling problem with lot streaming

This paper presents a hybrid genetic algorithm/mathematical programming heuristic for the n-job, m-machine flowshop problems with lot streaming. The number of sublots for each job and the size of sublots are directly addressed by the heuristic and setups may be sequence-dependent. A new aspect of the problem, the interleaving of sublots from different jobs in the processing sequence, is developed and addressed. Computational results from 12 randomly generated test sets of 24 problems each are presented.     

民事诉讼的和谐机理与制度重构

诸多民事诉讼制度都有助于社会的和谐与稳定.然而我国现有一些民事诉讼制度并未切实有效地发挥这一机能.在和谐社会建构这一时代主题下,应进一步改革和完善我国现有民事诉讼制度,进而充分实现和发挥其有助于社会和谐稳定的内在机能.     

内容出自形式吗——略评哈贝马斯的“对话伦理学”

近代西方"内容出自形式"神话的构建历史,可从康德"绝对命令"开始,直到罗尔斯的"社会契约"论和哈贝马斯的"对话伦理学"。哈氏"对话伦理学"的纯粹形式倾向,体现在"交往的不可避免性,论证性原则,最后根据的问题"等三项基本要义之中。"形式不可能产生内容",因而对哈氏神话必须进行反思和批判,基于经验、内容及人的法权,尝试构建实体论证的程序正义论。     

基于公文筐测验的商业银行高层管理人员选拔研究——以商业银行高级人力资源经理岗位为例

在采用文献法、访谈法和问卷法确定了银行高级人力资源管理者胜任力模型的基础上,设计和编制了适用于商业银行人力资源经理岗位的公文筐测验。研究结果表明,公文筐测验具有较高的信度和效度,可以在商业银行高层管理人员选拔中使用,但公文筐测验必须根据具体岗位来设计题目才能保证选拔的效果。     

阅读理解测试的变量研究

本文通过对实验素材和结果的定量分析 ,探讨了可读性、题材、测试题型 (自变量 )与测试结果 (因变量 )之间的相关关系。证明了 :1.不同的题材具有不同的区分能力 ;2 .不同的题型是造成分数差异的主要因素。指出 :在被试的能力范围内 ,可读性对测试结果的影响 ,并不如国外 36项研究所表明的那么明显。含多种题材和题型的阅读理解测试 ,更能有效地反映被试在阅读理解过程中各个层次的能力。