佛山出口型传统制造业陷入困境的原因及对策

受国际经济形势动荡和国家政策重点转移的影响．我国出口型传统制造业的发展形势严峻。运营成本上升．外部环境恶化．这些困难成为佛山出口型传统制造业实现产业价值链突围的枷锁。因此．大力发展生产型服务业、升级地方产业集群．在地方政府的政策扶持之下拓宽渠道发展内需．并积极参与国际产业分工是佛山出口型传统制造业摆脱困境的对策。     

产业转移背景下产业集群发展研究述评

伴随着区域分工向价值链分工的深化,产业转移、产业集群、产业升级的关系更加密切。通过回顾产业转移与产业集群发展趋势与规律的理论研究,对产业转移背景下的产业集群生成与发展进行了探讨,指出了该领域研究存在的不足及未来趋势。主要不足有:产业转移的理论和国内实证缺少耦合;针对国内价值链视角下的产业转移和产业集群研究以及对产业承接地产业集群效应的政策研究都偏弱;承接产业转移示范区内产业集群升级的理论还不够完善。在分工深化的背景下,只有将产业转移与产业集群纳入统一的理论分析框架中,对于现实的产业聚集现象的分析才有严密的逻辑基础和坚实的理论依据。     

哈大齐工业走廊产业集聚研究

针对哈大齐地区产业集聚发展中存在的问题,采用比较分析的方法,分析了在区域合作、产业结构、产业关联度等方面制约形成产业集聚效应的影响因素,建议从建立跨行政区协调机制、立足于区位优势培育特色产业集群、建立合理的区域分工等方面进行调整。研究结果有利于促进哈大齐地区产业结构的调整及产业集聚化的发展。     

中国民营经济发展与区域制度变迁——以江、浙两省为例

发端于苏南和浙东南的民营经济(非国有经济)已经成为中国市场经济的主体.民营经济在民营化和市场化的过程中推动了中国区域制度变迁和产业群落的成长,推动了我国的工业化和城市化.无论是在"苏南模式"与"温州模式"的初中期发展阶段,还是在"专业市场与产业协作"的快速发展阶段,是在"企业对市场的正替代"的提高发展阶段,还是在今天中国"民营化机制普遍推开"的全面创新发展阶段,都处处体现了这一积极的动态发展特征.民营经济发展与中国区域制度变迁就是在这样的不断创新中向前演进的.     

论企业集群竞争优势基础的转变

企业集群的发展是一个动态演变的过程,随着聚集规模的扩大,企业集群的平均成本沿着"U"型曲线移动,即先随着规模增加而下降,在达到一个最佳聚集点后,平均成本开始攀升(聚集不经济).鉴于聚集经济面临聚集规模膨胀所产生的"拥挤成本(congestion costs)",这种离心力作用使得聚集经济所获得的竞争优势容易衰弱.因此,集群在发展过程中要完成从聚集经济阶段的转变,并培育富有持续创新能力的创新网络.在创新网络中企业容易获得资源(资产)共享以及能力互补优势、知识溢出效应、集体学习机制、创新的累积效应、更低的创新风险和成本,从而使得企业集群富有创新活力.     

论学术期刊的学术内容

学术内容是学术期刊的核心和灵魂,决定着学术期刊的品质和特色甚至生存。学术期刊的学术内容涵盖面很广,但它不是固定不变的,而是随着社会的发展而发展,随着人们认识的变化而变化。学术内容必须适应社会发展的需要,为此可以从三个方面作出努力:在学术理念上不断更新;编辑充当学术研究的积极参与者、引导者的角色;确立新的学术之风。     

21世纪我国高新区产业集群发展的战略思考

产业集群对高新区的发展有重要的推动作用,21世纪我国高新区的发展有赖于产业集群的形成。本文探讨了我国高新区产业集群发展过程中存在的问题,并针对存在的问题提出了相应的对策。     

The effect of nonnormality on near-replicate lack-of-fit tests

We examine the effect of nonnormality on the distributions of near-replicate lack-of-fit F-tests. We show that when the number of clusters is large, the distributions of the lack-of-fit tests depend on the kurtosis of the error distribution, and that heavy-tailed error distributions can inflate significantly the sizes of the tests. This behaviour is also evident in small samples, where some lack-of-fit tests are clearly more affected than others by nonnormality. Two modifications of the F-tests are suggested to eliminate the effect of the kurtosis on the limiting null distributions, and their behaviour is studied for small samples.     

Understanding youth transition system in Poland through the analysis of partnerships between vocational upper secondary schools and industry

This paper examines the current youth transition system in Poland focusing on the role of industry partnerships with vocational upper secondary schools. On the example of the aviation cluster in the south-eastern Poland, this paper assesses the strong industry-led partnership established in 2007 with local schools and authorities in delivery of aviation-specific programmes, and its impact of local youth transitions to labour market. In contrast to Poland's national trend towards weak cooperation between industry and the vocational education sector, three major dynamics regarding the aviation cluster's influence on vocational education are observable. The region benefits from: strong leadership from local industry in influencing the supply of particular skills by local vocational education and training (VET) schools and universities; a high level of willingness of local government authorities at the mayor's and municipality's offices to support the aviation cluster's influence on VET; and a free-market model of student choice influencing the practice of local VET schools and training centres. Such cooperation is valuable for businesses and local institutes of education. However, these processes affect the equal chances of successful school-to-work transitions for graduates stratified in different educational pathways, and successful transitions are still constrained by the structure of Poland's system, which is increasingly assuming ‘education logic’.     

产业集群创新系统的分析与建立

产业集群在区域经济和国家经济中占有越来越重要的地位,研究产业集群的创新系统能促进产业集群的发展,提高其创新速度和创新水平,进而促进区域和国家的经济发展。在对企业创新系统、国家创新系统、区域创新系统和集群创新系统分析的基础上,提出了创新要素构成包括核心要素、服务支撑要素和宏观环境要素。分析了产业集群创新的三个过程:技术本身的创新过程、经济决策和行为的创新过程和组织管理的创新过程。建立了由核心层、服务支撑层和宏观环境层三个层次构成的产业集群创新系统,并对创新系统的创新投入能力、创新服务支撑能力、创新产出能力和持续创新能力进行了描述;提出了进一步的研究内容。