论“理学诗派”之自然审美意识

两宋时期的理学以“理”为万事万物的本源。“理”又称为天理,由此天人相依、天人相与,“理”是天人一体的基础,主导着当时的经世思潮,强调“文以载道”。与此同时,既基于“仁者,人也”的思想,同时受张载、朱熹等所提出的“大心”与“合内外之心”说的影响,“理学诗派”诗人的审美诉求一方面推崇自得自然,任心随意,强调自出机杼,同时,另一方面又突出地呈现一种对自然审美意识的诉求。     

论能动的革命的反映论——纪念《新民主主义论》发表70周年

《新民主主义论》是一部政治著作,也是一部哲学著作。这部著作一以贯之的指导思想。就是辩证的、历史的、实践的唯物主义哲学思想。在辩证法方面,毛泽东非常善于运用对立统一规律分析世情、国情和阶级关系。在认识论方面,毛泽东在马克思主义哲学发展史上,第一次把马克思、恩格斯创立的、列宁加以发展的辩证唯物主义的认识论,概括为“能动的革命的反映论”。这个新的科学概括,把理论和实践相结合的观点、认识能动的观点和变革的观点突出出来了。在唯物史观方面,毛泽东在密切结合中国实际的基础上,深刻地论述了社会存在和社会意识、经济基础和上层建筑、新民主主义革命和社会主义革命、不断革命论和革命发展阶段论、国体和政体等等基本观点。     

旅游服务营销组合的"8Ps"理论与民族旅游商品营销--以彝族服饰旅游商品为例

竞争激烈、市场细分和复杂程度的加大、顾客经验的日趋丰富要求旅游服务营销要更加关注游客的需求、旅游项目包装、活动策划以及重视并鼓励各种协作组织间的营销协作.Alastair Morrison教授在传统4Ps营销理论的基础上,提出了后4Ps理论,从而使旅游服务业营销理论更趋于完整和实用.后4Ps理念在彝族服饰旅游商品中的应用研究,为民族旅游商品的营销服务提供了一种可借鉴的营销策略.     

Time-varying coefficient cumulative gap time models for intensive longitudinal ecological momentary assessment data with missingness

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies investigate intensive repeated observations of the current behavior and experiences of subjects in real time. In particular, such studies aim to minimize recall bias and maximize ecological validity, thereby strengthening the investigation and inference of microprocesses that influence behavior in real-world contexts by gathering intensive information on the temporal patterning of behavior of study subjects. Throughout this paper, we focus on the data analysis of an EMA study that examined behavior of intermittent smokers (ITS). Specifically, we sought to explore the pattern of clustered smoking behavior of ITS, or smoking ‘bouts’, as well as the covariates that predict such smoking behavior. To do this, in this paper we introduce a framework for characterizing the temporal behavior of ITS via the functions of event gap time to distinguish the smoking bouts. We used the time-varying coefficient models for the cumulative log gap time and to characterize the temporal patterns of smoking behavior, while simultaneously adjusting for behavioral covariates, and incorporated the inverse probability weighting into the models to accommodate missing data. Simulation studies showed that irrespective of whether missing by design or missing at random, the model was able to reliably determine prespecified time-varying functional forms of a given covariate coefficient, provided the the within-subject level was small.     

"医文结合":医学院校社科学报的个体特色

医学院校社科学报要想生存、发展与壮大,必须走出一条特色之路:坚持“医文结合”的办刊理念。“医文结合”办刊理念的定位要有理论和实践的依据,还要确定“医文结合”学术研究的范围,只有这样,医学院校社科学报才能从众多期刊中脱颖而出。     

Subjective Probability Weighting and the Discovered Preference Hypothesis

Numerous studies have convincingly shown that prospect theory can better describe risky choice behavior than the classical expected utility model because it makes the plausible assumption that risk aversion is driven not only by the degree of sensitivity toward outcomes, but also by the degree of sensitivity toward probabilities. This article presents the results of an experiment aimed at testing whether agents become more sensitive toward probabilities over time when they repeatedly face similar decisions, receive feedback on the consequences of their decisions, and are given ample incentives to reflect on their decisions, as predicted by Plott’s Discovered Preference Hypothesis (DPH). The results of a laboratory experiment with N = 62 participants support this hypothesis. The elicited subjective probability weighting function converges significantly toward linearity when respondents are asked to make repeated choices and are given direct feedback after each choice. Such convergence to linearity is absent in an experimental treatment where respondents are asked to make repeated choices but do not experience the resolution of risk directly after each choice, as predicted by the DPH. I thank Peter P. Wakker for useful comments and suggestions.     

Probability weighting and the ‘level’ and ‘spacing’ of outcomes: An experimental study over losses

The main goal of the experimental study described in this paper is to investigate the sensitivity of probability weighting to the payoff structure of the gambling situation—namely the level of consequences at stake and the spacing between them—in the loss domain. For that purpose, three kinds of gambles are introduced: two kinds of homogeneous gambles (involving either small or large losses), and heterogeneous gambles involving both large and small losses. The findings suggest that at least for moderate/high probability of loss do both ‘level’ and ‘spacing’ effects reach significance, with the impact of ‘spacing’ being both opposite to and stronger than the impact of ‘level’. As compared to small-loss gambles, large-loss gambles appear to enhance probabilistic optimism, while heterogeneous gambles tend to increase pessimism.

对地方高校教师职称“评聘结合”改革的思考

本文针对地方高校职称评聘工作中存在的突出问题,对吉林省属高校正在实行的职称“评聘结合”改革进行了深入分析,阐述了“评聘结合”改革的本真意义。     

优良反腐传统与现代政治文明成果的交织叠合——论改革开放30年中国特色反腐倡廉建设发展的两大脉络

改革开放30年以来,中国共产党所领导的中国反腐倡廉建设形成了有机结合的两大脉络。一方面始终坚持、继承、创新自身优良的反腐败传统——党的领导、严惩腐败、党的建设、群众路线,并以此作为恒定不变的正确政治方向和巨大政治优势;另一方面,又始终与时俱进,充分吸纳人类现代政治文明优秀成果,用改革和发展的办法,更多地采用了适应市场经济和现代生活的民主化、法律化、制度化、程序化、预防化和国际化的形式。这两大脉络的交织叠合,产生了反腐倡廉的巨大效能。构建了中国特色反腐倡廉道路的基本特点,彰显了中国共产党的开拓与创新、伟大与成熟。     

西方教会与金陵大学的创建过程及建筑艺术

近代在华西方教会在特殊的历史环境中,首先在教会大学中倡导了中西合璧新式样建筑,拉开了中国传统建筑艺术复兴的序幕,并逐渐发展成为一种具有特殊意义的现代建筑风格。金陵大学因其首先开创了西方建筑形式与中国北方官式建筑形式相揉合的先例,并使这种尝试演进成为中国传统建筑艺术复兴的基本趋向,因而在中国近代建筑文化发展史中具有重要的历史地位。文章探讨了金陵大学创建时的社会文化背景,追溯了金陵大学的创建过程,评析了金陵大学建筑的艺术特征,并对西方传教士在金陵大学建筑形态构成中的作用及角色进行了合理的推论,进而指出这一案例在中西文化交汇中的积极作用和社会文化影响。