一类标签细胞种群系统的适定性与稳定性

研究一类标签细胞系统的解,使用泛函分析方法,特别是Banach 上的线性算子理论和半群理论,证明了该系统解的适定性、线性稳定性和指数稳定性.     

Spanish Influenza Mortality of Ethnic Minorities in Norway 1918–1919

Previous studies into SpanishInfluenza mortality have reported thatindigenous populations were the prime victims.The explanations put forward in those studieswere not convincing, however, as no controlshad been made for possibly confounding factors.The multivariate analysis in this paper showsthat areas of Norway with high shares of theSami population (Laps) had high SpanishInfluenza mortality, net of such confoundingfactors as wealth, poverty, crowding, and occupationalstructure. The cause is probably a lack ofinherited and acquired immunity againstinfluenza among the Sami. Another ethnicminority, Kven (Finnish immigrants and theirdescendants), however, did not differsignificantly from the ethnic Norwegianmajority population with respect to SpanishInfluenza mortality. This is explained by arelatively high degree of economic and culturalassimilation of the Kven in the Norwegiansociety, as opposed to the Sami in the late1910s.     

Subset selection of superior populations when the number of populations is large

The situation where k populations are partitioned into one inferior group and one superior group is considered. The statistical problem is to select a random size subset of superior populations while trying to avoid including any inferior populations. A selection procedure is assumed to satisfy the condition that the probability of selecting at least one superior population is bounded below by P¹<1. The performance of a procedure is measured by the probability of including an inferior population.The asymptotic performance, as k→∞ of Gupta's traditional maximum type procedure ψ^G is considered in the location-model. For normally distributed populations, ψ^G turns out to be asymptotically optimal, provided the size of the inferior group does not become infinitely larger than the size of the superior group.     

Generating Probabilistic Spatially-Explicit Individual and Population Exposure Estimates for Ecological Risk Assessments

Exposure to chemical contaminants in various media must be estimated when performing ecological risk assessments. Exposure estimates are often based on the 95th-percentile upper confidence limit on the mean concentration of all samples, calculated without regard to critical ecological and spatial information about the relative relationship of receptors, their habitats, and contaminants. This practice produces exposure estimates that are potentially unrepresentative of the ecology of the receptor. This article proposes a habitat area and quality-conditioned exposure estimator, E[HQ], that requires consideration of these relationships. It describes a spatially explicit ecological exposure model to facilitate calculation of E[HQ]. The model provides (1) a flexible platform for investigating the effect of changes in habitat area, habitat quality, foraging area, and population size on exposure estimates, and (2) a tool for calculating E[HQ] for use in actual risk assessments. The inner loop of a Visual Basic program randomly walks a receptor over a multicelled landscape--each cell of which contains values for cell area, habitat area, habitat quality, and concentration--accumulating an exposure estimate until the total area foraged is less than or equal to a given foraging area. An outer loop then steps through foraging areas of increasing size. This program is iterated by Monte Carlo software, with the number of iterations representing the population size. Results indicate that (1) any single estimator may over- or underestimate exposure, depending on foraging strategy and spatial relationships of habitat and contamination, and (2) changes in exposure estimates in response to changes in foraging and habitat area are not linear.     

Social Competence in Children At Risk Due to Prenatal Cocaine Exposure: Continuity Over Time and Associations with Cognitive and Language Abilities

The continuity of social competence between 36 months and first grade was examined in a sample of children at risk due to prenatal exposure to cocaine (N = 92). Parent report data on social competence were collected at 36 months of age and both parent and teacher report data were collected when children were in first grade. Regression analyses indicated that 36-month social competence significantly predicted first-grade parent ratings of social competence, even after controlling for cognitive ability. Thirty-six month social competence also predicted first-grade teacher ratings of competence, but these relations were mediated by child gender and cognitive ability. Early social competence was also a significant predictor of first-grade language ability, after controlling for 36-month language. These findings emphasize the importance of early social competence for later development.     

语言治理融入各民族相互嵌入式社区建设的必要性及路径研究

习近平总书记在第五次中央民族工作会议上强调“要充分考虑不同民族、不同地区的实际,统筹城乡建设布局规划和公共服务资源配置,完善政策举措,营造环境氛围,逐步实现各民族在空间、文化、经济、社会、心理等方面的全方位嵌入”。当前,我国已进入各民族跨区域流动的活跃期,少数民族人口大规模向东部和内地城市流动。切实推动少数民族流动人口城市融入,建立各民族相互嵌入式的社会结构和社区环境,已成为今后一段时期的城市民族工作的重点和关键任务。在基于语言的交际工具、文化载体以及人力资本属性三个层面论证语言治理融入各民族相互嵌入式社区建设的必要性的基础上,着重结合全国民族团结进步示范区——南宁市中华中路社区语言治理的成功实践,从国家通用语言的推广普及、社区干部“双语”能力的培育、社区“多语和谐”语言环境的营造等三个方面提出语言治理融入各民族相互嵌入式社区治理的思路和举措。     

农业保险立法的比较研究及我国法律构建的思考

许多国家都制定了农业保险法律作为促进农业保险发展,保护农民利益的重要手段。由于各种原因,我国目前还没没有农业保险法。因此,借鉴国外立法经验,制定农业保险法,是推动我国农业保险制度不断完善的唯一途径。     

中国少数民族人口老龄化问题研究

利用1990、2000和2010年人口普查数据,分析中国少数民族人口的老龄化问题发现,中国各少数民族人口随全国人口一起,共同进入了持续老龄化的状态,且表现为老年人口规模及其占总人口的比例增长快,75岁以上的高龄老年人增速快,老年人口规模大,老年负担系数大,老龄化族际差异大的＂两高三大＂的特征。文章认为,在未来一个相当长的时期内,少数民族人口的老龄化趋势将会持续下去,老龄化程度会进一步提高。同时,中国少数民族集聚区,经济社会发展水平低,在这一背景下步入老龄化社会,属于典型的＂未富先老＂。要解决好少数民族人口老龄化问题,首先应尽快调整人口政策,以积极的人口对策化解深度人口老龄化进程中的社会压力与经济负担;其次要转变方式,调整结构,切实加快少数民族和民族地区的经济社会发展;第三,要充分开发和利用＂银色人力资源＂,加快发展老龄事业和老龄产业;第四,以健康老龄化为中心构建全民敬老爱老社会服务机制,广泛动员和吸纳社会中介组织、志愿者与社会资源参与。     

人口较少民族非物质文化遗产保护与可持续发展模式的区域性文化空间思考——以西藏林芝地区门巴族、珞巴族和僜人为例

近些年,西藏林芝地区的门巴族、珞巴族和僜人的非物质文化遗产保护主要采用生产性保护、表演性保护和博物馆保护三种模式,这也是国内非物质文化遗产保护的主要模式。然而由于人口较少民族的人口规模小,随着社会发展的加速,其文化的存续空间不断压缩,非物质文化遗产保护的形势极为严峻。对林芝地区人口较少民族这三种非遗保护模式的利弊进行梳理和分析发现,人口较少民族的非物质文化遗产保护应当跳脱以民族为单位的保护思路,代之以区域性的文化空间为单位来进行思考,使这三种模式不是孤立地存在,而是在文化空间的大环境当中互相促进,从而使非遗的保护和发展处在完整的活态“文化场”中。     

Factors Related to the Delivery of Trauma Services in Outpatient Treatment Programs

In recent years there has been growing recognition of the role of trauma in substance abuse treatment; however, only 20% of outpatient treatment programs report offering trauma services. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2012 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) and explore how demographic, population served, and organization variables distinguish those programs that offer trauma services from those that do not. In this article, we present the findings, which revealed that organizational structure, process, and population served variables were the most important predictors of trauma services. Implications for social work practice in the addictions are discussed.