债权相容性在多重买卖合同中的法律运用

债权相容性指同一标的物上可以并存两个或两个以上内容相同的债权。有债的存在就有债权相容性的存在。在市场经济条件下,契约自由原则鼓励了债权相容局面的广泛存在,而债权相容性承认多重买卖并为此提供了法律解决思路。但是,债权相容性也对交易安全和诚实信用原则具有一定的负面影响。充分利用现有法律制度,引入惩罚性违约赔偿制度,建立第三人侵害债权制度,设立不动产以及特殊动产预告登记制度在相当程度上可以限制其负面影响。     

司法审查与民主的相容性探析——以美国为例

司法审查是由民主的结构、价值、理论和过程等内在规定的,是民主内生的一种机制,因而与民主是相容的。司法审查与民主互为表里、相互支撑、相辅相成。美国民主法治建设尤其是乡镇民主内生的司法控制的成功经验,对于中国司法审查制度的构建具有较强的借鉴意义。     

文化多样性与文明互补

文章从文化多样性和文明兼容性的角度探讨文明的互补性,从而说明文明的差异不是暴力和冲突的根源,而是互补和创新的基础。并阐述中西文明是两种性质不同的文明,各有所长,也各有所短。差异性较大,互补性也较强。正确认识文明的差异,理解文化的多样性和相对性,增强文明的兼容性和互补性,减弱或消除排他性,使世界不同文明之间取长补短,和谐相处,是保障世界和平和保护文化多样性及各民族非物质文化遗产的前提。     

在TEMcell中建立近场电磁环境的研究

提出一种在横电磁波小室（ＴＥＭｃｌｌ）内部建立高阻抗电场（或低阻抗磁场）占优势的近场电磁环境的技术，应用公输线理论进行了必要的分析计算，并进行了实测。两者一致性较好。     

互连电缆的电磁兼容性分析

忽视互连电缆内导线之间的电磁耦合（串扰），被认为是降低电子系统的电磁兼容性的重要原因。在足够低的频率下，这种电磁耦合可视为导线间的互电感和互电容产生的耦合的迭加。但在高频下，这种方法是不正确的。文中根据多导体传输线模型，应用键参数矩阵法，对典型的三导体系统中的串扰进行分析，得出同一种介质中，线间串扰电压的解；引入广义电容矩阵，导出考虑绝缘介质影响时，线间串扰电压的计算公式。实例计算结果与文献报道的实测数据基本一致。     

组织文化塑造、制度创新与激励相容 ———基于东进农牧有限公司的案例研究

东进公司注重组织文化塑造,倡导并践行当地的优秀文化,设计和运行一系列的制度安排,使得利益相关者激励相容。这不但化解了村企间的可能冲突,构建了和谐的村企、政企关系,而且降低了交易成本,有利于对公司纵向一体化经营的潜在威胁实行各个击破。伴随企业的发展,当地农民实现了脱贫致富,双方形成了合作共赢的良好局面。东进企业的案例为其他企业与村民之间化解矛盾、建立长期合作共赢关系提供了经验借鉴。     

An Efficient Dynamic Mechanism

This paper constructs an efficient, budget‐balanced, Bayesian incentive‐compatible mechanism for a general dynamic environment with quasilinear payoffs in which agents observe private information and decisions are made over countably many periods. First, under the assumption of “private values” (other agents' private information does not directly affect an agent's payoffs), we construct an efficient, ex post incentive‐compatible mechanism, which is not budget‐balanced. Second, under the assumption of “independent types” (the distribution of each agent's private information is not directly affected by other agents' private information), we show how the budget can be balanced without compromising agents' incentives. Finally, we show that the mechanism can be made self‐enforcing when agents are sufficiently patient and the induced stochastic process over types is an ergodic finite Markov chain.     

Scheduling of Multi‐skilled Staff Across Multiple Locations

We address the problem of assigning airline customer service agents (CSAs) to tasks related to departing flights, such as selling tickets and collecting boarding cards, at an international terminal of a large airport. The airline specifies minimum and target levels of staff and required (or desired) types and levels of skills for each location in each time period. The assignment problem is complicated by staff heterogeneity, time required for moves between locations, and lunch and rest‐break requirements. We present a mixed‐integer formulation that considers both staffing shortages and skills mismatches and show that the problem is NP‐hard. We derive valid inequalities that tighten the bounds within a branch‐and‐cut procedure, enabling us to obtain near‐optimal solutions for problems of realistic size very quickly. We also present a generalization to simultaneously optimize shift starting times and task assignments, which can aid in longer term workforce planning. Finally, we utilize our procedure to obtain managerial insights regarding the benefits of flexibility derived from more highly skilled staff, allowing more frequent moves, and choices of shift starting times. We also demonstrate the benefits of our procedure vs. a heuristic that mimics what an experienced scheduler might choose.     

Are Preference Reversals Errors? An Experimental Investigation

This paper investigates whether some part of the preference reversal phenomenon can be attributed to errors in the responses of subjects in experiments. Such errors have been well documented in other investigations of behaviour in risky decision problems, but their relevance to the preference reversal phenomenon has not been explored. Building on earlier work, we develop an extended error model and apply it to the results of an experiment in which subjects tackle risky choice problems on five separate occasions. In this experiment subjects had to answer choice questions in three occasions and to state selling and buying prices in the remaining two occasions. Our results indicate that scale compatibility can be ruled out as a significant sole explanation of the preference reversal phenomenon. Moreover, we can show that a considerable fraction of observed preference reversals can be classified as pricing errors, whereas choice errors turn out to play a minor role.     

自由意志概念的演变及其含义辨析

自由意志问题是当代西方哲学的热点问题之一,其起源可最早追溯到古希腊。基督教时代出现了神学决定论,而现代科学导致了决定论对自由意志的挑战。在各个时期,学者们都围绕自由意志问题进行了各种辩护。从自由意志问题的辩护进展可以看出,自由意志概念有多种含义,其中以非决定论的含义辩护最为精到。但迄今为止,还没有一种理论能圆满解决非决定论的自由意志问题。