概念·构成·尺度:中国化马克思主义吸引力的认识论域

中国化马克思主义吸引力是指由中国化马克思主义理论呈现出的科学性、价值性而产生的一种能够使人民群众认同并自觉地遵循和实践的力量。从概念、构成、尺度切入,是我们深入理解中国化马克思主义吸引力的三个重要视域。     

论迪尔凯姆社会学思想的实践意向

迪尔凯姆社会学思想的发展轨迹清楚地彰显了改良社会秩序的实践意向。面对19世纪中后期法国和欧洲社会的严重危机,迪尔凯姆运用科学的研究方法解剖了现代工业社会常态运行的机理和条件,发现社会危机的症结是整合社会秩序的法制和道德纽带出现了断裂。以此为基础,迪尔凯姆提出了改良社会秩序的原则性方案：国家监督下的职业规范和道德建设。     

论文明的本质、尺度及其历史形态演进的逻辑

文明是文化中积极性的成分，是人类与自身和自然界交往方式的科学化和道德化的体现。人种尺度和物种尺度构成科学、道德与文明的终极尺度，它们在人类生活形式中实现的程度差异决定了人类文明必将经历原始社会的自在的物种文明形态到传统社会的人种文明形态并最终发展到未来的自觉的物种文明形态。     

A perspective of composite sampling

Composite samples are formed by physically mixing samples. Usually, composite samples are used to reduce the overall cost associated with analytical procedures that must be performed on each sample, but they can also be used to protect the privacy of individuals.

Composite sampling can reduce the cost of identifying individual cases that have a certain trait, such as those with a rare disease or those exceeding pollution-level standards. Not much is lost by applying this method as long as the trait is relatively rare.

Composite sampling can reduce the cost of estimating the mean of some process. When samples are composited, the ability to estimate the variance is lost. In spite of this, the potential savings are so great that composite samples have been used.

Much of this paper deasl with the variance of estimators based on composite sampling when the porportions of hte original samples comprising the composite sample are actually random. Taking repeated samples and measurements on several composite samples complicates the prodcedure, but allows the estimation of between and within variation as well as measurement error.     

Ranking paired contestants

The ranking of paired contestants (players) after a series of contests is difficult when every player does not play every other player. In the 1975 JASA Mark Thompson presented a maximum likelihood solution based on the assumption that the probability of any one player defeating any other is a function only of the difference in their ranks. Here the linear approximation to that likelihood is shown to lead to a nonparametric measure of the efficacy of the ranking, called the net difference in ranks (NDR) , which is the sum of the differences in ranks of the paired players in the observed contests that agree with the ranking minus the sum of the differences in ranks in the observed contests that disagree with the ranking (upsets) . The subject is part of a large literature that has been consolidated by H.A. David in The Method of Paired Comparisons (1963, 1988). The method was introduced by the psychophysicist Fechner in 1860 and has been widely applied to sensory testing,     

Bayesian inference of asymmetric stochastic conditional duration models

This paper extends stochastic conditional duration (SCD) models for financial transaction data to allow for correlation between error processes and innovations of observed duration process and latent log duration process. Suitable algorithms of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) are developed to fit the resulting SCD models under various distributional assumptions about the innovation of the measurement equation. Unlike the estimation methods commonly used to estimate the SCD models in the literature, we work with the original specification of the model, without subjecting the observation equation to a logarithmic transformation. Results of simulation studies suggest that our proposed models and corresponding estimation methodology perform quite well. We also apply an auxiliary particle filter technique to construct one-step-ahead in-sample and out-of-sample duration forecasts of the fitted models. Applications to the IBM transaction data allow comparison of our models and methods to those existing in the literature.     

我国翻译质量评价研究的现状与趋势

翻译质量评价研究在我国译学研究中已经走过了相当一段路程,并取得了不小的成绩。论文围绕我国翻译质量评价之歧路、西方翻译评价理论在中国之引介、翻译质量评价新动向等方面对国内翻译质量评价研究的现状进行梳理,以期对我国的翻译质量评价研究提供参考。作为译学研究的重要组成部分,功能语言学为翻译质量评价提供了强大理论基础,语料库研究为其提供了可资借鉴的实证研究路径,将这二者结合或可使翻译评价研究走出一条新路。     

阜新市乡镇领导干部绩效考核主体与原则

根据对阜新市65个乡镇的调查和统计，从乡镇领导干部绩效考核的实践出发，就乡镇领导干部考核问题进行了深入探讨。在对乡镇领导干部界定的基础上，分析了阜新市乡镇领导干部考核是树立党和政府形象的需要，是贯彻落实党和政府的农村政策的需要，是更新和激励乡镇领导班子的需要；提出了考核的主题为乡镇领导干部绩效考核领导机构与组织，“360度”的绩效考核主体；在此基础上了坚持区别对待、针对性、灵活性的考核原则。     

Geometric sample size determination in Bayesian analysis

The problem of sample size determination in the context of Bayesian analysis is considered. For the familiar and practically important parameter of a geometric distribution with a beta prior, three different Bayesian approaches based on the highest posterior density intervals are discussed. A computer program handles all computational complexities and is available upon request.