加强计算机仿真在数学物理方法教学中的应用

计算机仿真可广泛应用于复变函数的积分计算、级数展开、留数计算、积分变换以及特殊函数的计算及图形显示中,而且对于三类典型的数学物理方程的求解也显得简单明了,尤其对于波动方程、热传导方程能动态地演示方程的解随时间的变化规律。计算机仿真方法对培养同学们的数学建模能力、编程实践能力、创新思维能力具有重要作用和指导意义。在本科的教学实践中应切实加强计算机仿真的地位和作用。     

透视哲学研究中的计算建模方法

传统哲学研究方法在本质上主要是思辨的,但随着非线性科学与计算技术的迅速发展,目前哲学研究中也兴起了全新的计算实验方法。对于那些思辨哲学问题,通过计算模型,可以给出更加形象直观的刻画,从而揭示原先无法认识到的深层内涵。因此,可以把计算化的哲学模型看作是具有复杂结构的思想实验,它打破传统哲学的非精确性,使得计算资源可以为哲学研究发挥作用。这为哲学的研究提供了一种具有革命性的新手段。     

现代制造技术对传统战略理论的挑战

重点介绍了计算机集成制造系统、虚拟制造、敏捷制造、并行工程等四种现代制造技术,并在对比分析传统的成本领先战略和差异性战略理论的基础上,阐述了现代制造技术对传统战略理论所产生的冲击,指出在现代制造技术的支持下,可以对传统的不能同时应用的两种战略实行有效融合。     

中学CAMI课件设计的模式

本文介绍了一种适合于我国的计算机辅助数学课件编制的模式.     

研究性教学在社会学课程教学中的探索

社会学是研究社会的学科,是一门实证性、综合性的具体社会科学。在本科生的社会学课程教学中,研究性教学在提高教学效果方面扮演着十分重要的角色。推进社会学通识教育课程的研究性教学,有三种主要途径,分别是：利用沪江大学社会学系的系史资料进行历史分析;开展社会调查课题研究探索现实社会问题;进行社会学的思想实验获取对社会生活的深层理解。实践表明,这样的方式对于学生理解社会学的想象力、运用社会学视角思考问题具有较好的成效。     

《微型计算机控制技术》课程教学方法的研究与探索

《微型计算机控制技术》是集计算机软硬件，控制理论与控制工程实践等多门专业课程相结合的一门综合性学科，是自动化专业的一门主干专业课程。通过教研室多年研究与本人教学实践总结出了一系列的教学方案：通过形象生动的教学画面激发学生的学习兴趣；改变以前的教师满堂灌、学生没有发言权的教学模式，实现师生融合共同学习课程；拓宽学生知识面；通过计算机仿真弥补实践教学的不足，实现工程设计，加强与提高学生的实践能力；根据课程内容合理安排授课时间。     

Computerizing the Small Non-Profit

Summary

Small non-profit organizations that computerize their operations face a number of problems because of their lack of financial resources and technically trained personnel. A group of computer consultants discuss typical experiences of computerization that bear on organizational and personnel issues, the organization's relation to consultants, and training. Factors emphasized are the importance of using informal computer champions; management involvement; obtaining second opinions on consultants' recommendations; paying consultants after satisfactory results are obtained; and training staff in small, incremental steps growing out of their job functions.     

Practical Issues for Newcomers to Computer-Based Education

Summary

After reviewing some applications and reports of evaluation of computer-based education (CBE) in higher education, this paper provides a discission of environmental, instructional, and managerial issues in development, implementation and maintenance of computer-based education processes and materials. A short list of guidelines for development is also provided.     

Computer tools for statistical quality control

Since the 1920' sanduntil recently, numerical computation has beena limiting factor in the application of statistical methods to the improvement of product quality. This restriction is be in geliminated by the in troduction of computer tools for statistical quality control.

Both novice and expertusers of statistical methods can ben-efitsubstantially from the availability o intergrated soft ware for computing, graphics, and data management. Theuse of such soft ware in SQC training program senables the student to focus on the under standing of statistical techniques, rather than the irmechanicaldetails. In productionen vironments, properly designedinterfaces facilitated at aent ryand access to statistical soft ware by plant personnel, with out requiring know ledge of a computer language. The sesame tool scan be used by management to retrieve in for mationandob tain summaries and display sofcriti-caldata gatheredover different period softime. Finally, computer tool sprovide the applied statistician with agreater range of advanced methods, includinganalytical and graphical extensions of the traditional She whart control chart.     

The Effects of Beliefs Versus Risk Attitude on Bargaining Outcomes

In bargaining environments with uncertain disagreement or “impasse” outcomes (e.g., litigation or labor strike outcomes), there is an identification problem that confounds data interpretation. Specifically, the minimally acceptable settlement value from a risk-averse (risk-loving) but unbiased-belief bargainer is empirically indistinguishable from what one could get with risk-neutrality and pessimistically (optimistically) biased beliefs. This article reports results from a controlled bargaining experiment where data on both risk attitude and beliefs under uncertainty are generated in order to assess their relative importance in bargaining experiment outcomes. The average lab subject is risk-averse, yet optimistic with respect to uncertainty, which is consistent with existing studies that examine each in isolation. I also find that the effects of optimism dominate those of risk-aversion. Optimistic bargainers are significantly more likely to dispute and have aggressive final bargaining positions. Dispute rates are not statistically affected by risk attitude, but there is some evidence that risk aversion leads to a weakened bargaining position. Though additional research is needed to understand the limits of extending these results, a key implication follows. In uncertainty environments where optimism dominates, increased settlement rates are more likely achieved by minimizing impasse uncertainty (to limit the potential for optimism) rather than maximizing uncertainty (to weaken the reservation point of risk-averse bargainers), as has been argued in the dispute resolution literature.