A computer algebra package for approximate conditional inference

This paper presents a set of REDUCE procedures that make a number of existing higher-order asymptotic results available for both theoretical and practical research. Attention has been restricted to the context of exact and approximate inference for a parameter of interest conditionally either on an ancillary statistic or on a statistic partially sufficient for the nuisance parameter. In particular, the procedures apply to regression-scale models and multiparameter exponential families. Most of them support algebraic computation as well as numerical calculation for a given data set. Examples illustrate the code.     

农林院校计算机基础课程分级教学研究

针对高等农林院校学生计算机基础知识水平不同,实施分级分层次教学可以较好地实现以人为本,以学生为主体的现代教学理念,真正意义上提高计算机基础课程教学质量,更好地满足农林专业人才培养和社会需求。农林院校计算机基础课程分级教学需要解决师资素质、教学成本、教学管理和学生心理等主要问题。农林院校计算机基础课程分级教学需要强化以人为本的教学理念,提升师资队伍教学水平;科学选择或编写教材,认真规划设计教学内容;增加教学软硬件等设施投入,提高现代化教学管理水平;增强教师人文关怀意识,强化学生身心健康水平。     

以利益平衡为视角审视计算机软件知识产权保护

通过审视软件的知识产权保护模式,指出权利人个人利益空前强化,而社会公共利益则不断被边缘化,形成的原因在于立法者以经济利益为手段,片面追求刺激软件技术创新,从而无视社会公共利益;同时,软件的技术性特征等因素也加剧了这一不平衡;解决软件知识产权保护中个人利益与社会公共利益的不平衡问题,必须着眼于现有立法框架,从制度和实践两个层面入手。     

讨价还价下供应链批发价格契约参数分析及实验研究

为实现供应链协调,避免双重边际化效应,提高供应链的核心竞争力,供应链契约设计尤为重要。在对批发价格契约研究进行了简要总结及分析讨价还价模型后,利用批发价格契约与讨价还价理论,进行了相关实验设计与研究。对批发价格契约中的典型参数分不讨价还价和讨价还价两种情况进行了建模,以批发价格契约为例,采用QT程序设计语言编程,以人-机对话方式模拟了供应商与零售商的交易过程,发现供应商和零售商的收益皆大于不讨价还价情况。     

DAMS: A Model to Assess Domino Effects by Using Agent‐Based Modeling and Simulation

Historical data analysis shows that escalation accidents, so‐called domino effects, have an important role in disastrous accidents in the chemical and process industries. In this study, an agent‐based modeling and simulation approach is proposed to study the propagation of domino effects in the chemical and process industries. Different from the analytical or Monte Carlo simulation approaches, which normally study the domino effect at probabilistic network levels, the agent‐based modeling technique explains the domino effects from a bottom‐up perspective. In this approach, the installations involved in a domino effect are modeled as agents whereas the interactions among the installations (e.g., by means of heat radiation) are modeled via the basic rules of the agents. Application of the developed model to several case studies demonstrates the ability of the model not only in modeling higher‐level domino effects and synergistic effects but also in accounting for temporal dependencies. The model can readily be applied to large‐scale complicated cases.     

Spatial prediction of crystalline defects observed in molecular dynamic simulations of plastic damage

Molecular dynamic computer simulation is an essential tool in materials science to study atomic properties of materials in extreme environments and guide development of new materials. We propose a statistical analysis to emulate simulation output with the ultimate goal of efficiently approximating the computationally intensive simulation. We compare several spatial regression approaches including conditional autoregression (CAR), discrete wavelets transform (DWT), and principle components analysis (PCA). The methods are applied to simulation of copper atoms with twin wall and dislocation loop defects, under varying tilt tension angles. We find that CAR and DWT yield accurate results but fail to capture extreme defects, yet PCA better captures defect structure.     

Using portable computers in home visits: Effects on programs, data quality, home visitors and caregivers

Collecting and using high-quality data related to participant outcomes are critical for monitoring program quality in home visitation programs for child abuse and neglect prevention, as well as for efforts to improve effectiveness and use limited funds efficiently. An evaluation was conducted to determine the impact of using portable computers to record data from standardized screening tools during home visits. Six home visiting agencies participating in the Early Years Home Visitation Outcomes Project of Wisconsin implemented computerized screenings with wireless uploading of data to a state public health database. Using portable computers saved agencies time and money on all four screening tools tested, with significant cost savings (p < 0.05) on three of the four tools, as compared to paper-and-pencil administration of screenings and manual data entry. The average time used per screening dropped between 9 and 63 min, saving agencies between $2 and $14 per screening administration. Screening completion was also higher when portable computers were used for data capture. There was little effect on home visitors' perceptions of the ease of data collection or their interactions with families being served. The use of portable computers to collect standard screening data holds promise for the field of home visitation.     

农业院校非计算机专业计算机基础教学改革研究与实践

分析了目前农业院校非计算机专业计算机基础课程教学中普遍存在的一些问题,如学生基础差异较大、课程设置与专业结合不紧密、教学方法陈旧、理论课程与实验课相互脱节等,从以下几个方面介绍了安徽农业大学计算机基础教学改革实践：课程体系建设;个性化与差异化教学;改革课程的教学模式及方法;教材建设;改革课程的考核方式;开放教学资源,提高学生自学能力。计算机基础教学改革取得了良好的效果,为培养既精通专业知识,又掌握计算机应用技能的复合型人才奠定了基础。     

中外合作办学模式下计算机基础教学改革与实践

计算机基础教学是高等教育中必不可少的基本内容,它对于培养学生掌握计算机的知识和技能,提高学生的基本素质都具有十分重要的意义。而中外合作办学模式下的计算机基础教学有其自身的特点。文章对高校中外合作办学模式下的计算机基础教学现状和存在的问题进行了分析,提出了该课程教学改革与实践的若干方案,以求培养出符合国际需求的计算机应用型人才。     

农业院校计算机操作系统课程体系的研究与构建

使农业院校计算机专业学生具备在农业领域应用计算机的能力,这种能力在其未来工作中的地位和作用越来越重要。作为农业院校计算机专业的专业基础课程,操作系统在农业院校计算机专业人才培养中具有极其重要的地位。操作系统作为计算机专业中一门承前启后的课程,几门与操作系统紧密相关的课程应该以课程群的方式建设,对系列课程进行研究、规划,整合,形成综合的操作系统课程体系。对农业院校操作系统课程体系构建中课程内容整合、教学模式改革等进行了探究,在教学内容上对课程体系中课程内容重新组合,减少重叠,增加实用部分,在教学模式上采用多元化教学方法、加强实践环节和重视教材建设,更好地提高操作系统课程的教学效果。