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11.
档案信息利用服务网络化现状的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
付正刚 《湖北民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2002,20(5):114-116
在社会信息化的趋势下,档案信息化已被高度关注。档案信息利用服务网络化是新形势下档案利用的一种新方式。由于诸多因素的制约,使得基于Internet平台的B S模式的网络利用服务明显滞后。本文从档案信息利用服务网络化的现状、产生的原因及对策三个方面做出分析。 相似文献
12.
苑小毅 《南京理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2005,18(1):66-69
本文通过回顾我国大学生体质检测标准的发展历程,对新颁布的大学生体质监测方法和标准的科学性进行技术分析,在此基础上,对新的体质检测方法的进一步深层次的应用进行探索。 相似文献
13.
Olive Oil Consumption in Greece: A Microeconometric Analysis 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Panagiotis Lazaridis 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2004,25(3):411-430
In this paper, the factors affecting at-home demand for three types of oils and fats in Greece, with emphasis on olive oil, are investigated using the linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System and family budget survey data. To overcome the econometric problem created with the existence of zero expenditure, a generalization of the two-stage Heckman procedure is employed. In order to investigate the role of self-consumption, two different samples were used. The first includes all households; the second excludes those that acquire olive oil only from own production. According to the results, there are important differences in the first stage of the decision process between the two samples. Unlike the first stage, the second stage of the decision process found no important differences between the results for the two samples. 相似文献
14.
Craig H. Mallinckrodt Christopher J. Kaiser John G. Watkin Michael J. Detke Geert Molenberghs Raymond J. Carroll 《Pharmaceutical statistics》2004,3(3):171-186
The last observation carried forward (LOCF) approach is commonly utilized to handle missing values in the primary analysis of clinical trials. However, recent evidence suggests that likelihood‐based analyses developed under the missing at random (MAR) framework are sensible alternatives. The objective of this study was to assess the Type I error rates from a likelihood‐based MAR approach – mixed‐model repeated measures (MMRM) – compared with LOCF when estimating treatment contrasts for mean change from baseline to endpoint (Δ). Data emulating neuropsychiatric clinical trials were simulated in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement of scenarios, using four patterns of mean changes over time and four strategies for deleting data to generate subject dropout via an MAR mechanism. In data with no dropout, estimates of Δ and SEΔ from MMRM and LOCF were identical. In data with dropout, the Type I error rates (averaged across all scenarios) for MMRM and LOCF were 5.49% and 16.76%, respectively. In 11 of the 16 scenarios, the Type I error rate from MMRM was at least 1.00% closer to the expected rate of 5.00% than the corresponding rate from LOCF. In no scenario did LOCF yield a Type I error rate that was at least 1.00% closer to the expected rate than the corresponding rate from MMRM. The average estimate of SEΔ from MMRM was greater in data with dropout than in complete data, whereas the average estimate of SEΔ from LOCF was smaller in data with dropout than in complete data, suggesting that standard errors from MMRM better reflected the uncertainty in the data. The results from this investigation support those from previous studies, which found that MMRM provided reasonable control of Type I error even in the presence of MNAR missingness. No universally best approach to analysis of longitudinal data exists. However, likelihood‐based MAR approaches have been shown to perform well in a variety of situations and are a sensible alternative to the LOCF approach. MNAR methods can be used within a sensitivity analysis framework to test the potential presence and impact of MNAR data, thereby assessing robustness of results from an MAR method. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Bayesian analysis of discrete time warranty data 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
David Stephens Martin Crowder 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C, Applied statistics》2004,53(1):195-217
Summary. The analysis of warranty claim data, and their use for prediction, has been a topic of active research in recent years. Field data comprising numbers of units returned under guarantee are examined, covering both situations in which the ages of the failed units are known and in which they are not. The latter case poses particular computational problems for likelihood-based methods because of the large number of feasible failure patterns that must be included as contributions to the likelihood function. For prediction of future warranty exposure, which is of central concern to the manufacturer, the Bayesian approach is adopted. For this, Markov chain Monte Carlo methodology is developed. 相似文献
16.
Pierre Legendre François-Joseph Lapointe 《Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics》2004,46(4):615-629
A test of congruence among distance matrices is described. It tests the hypothesis that several matrices, containing different types of variables about the same objects, are congruent with one another, so they can be used jointly in statistical analysis. Raw data tables are turned into similarity or distance matrices prior to testing; they can then be compared to data that naturally come in the form of distance matrices. The proposed test can be seen as a generalization of the Mantel test of matrix correspondence to any number of distance matrices. This paper shows that the new test has the correct rate of Type I error and good power. Power increases as the number of objects and the number of congruent data matrices increase; power is higher when the total number of matrices in the study is smaller. To illustrate the method, the proposed test is used to test the hypothesis that matrices representing different types of organoleptic variables (colour, nose, body, palate and finish) in single‐malt Scotch whiskies are congruent. 相似文献
17.
Maximum likelihood estimation and goodness-of-fit techniques are used within a competing risks framework to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of hazard, density, and survivor functions for randomly right-censored variables. Goodness-of- fit techniques are used to fit distributions to the crude lifetimes, which are used to obtain an estimate of the hazard function, which, in turn, is used to construct the survivor and density functions of the net lifetime of the variable of interest. If only one of the crude lifetimes can be adequately characterized by a parametric model, then semi-parametric estimates may be obtained using a maximum likelihood estimate of one crude lifetime and the empirical distribution function of the other. Simulation studies show that the survivor function estimates from crude lifetimes compare favourably with those given by the product-limit estimator when crude lifetimes are chosen correctly. Other advantages are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Biao Zhang 《Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics》2004,46(3):407-423
Demonstrated equivalence between a categorical regression model based on case‐control data and an I‐sample semiparametric selection bias model leads to a new goodness‐of‐fit test. The proposed test statistic is an extension of an existing Kolmogorov–Smirnov‐type statistic and is the weighted average of the absolute differences between two estimated distribution functions in each response category. The paper establishes an optimal property for the maximum semiparametric likelihood estimator of the parameters in the I‐sample semiparametric selection bias model. It also presents a bootstrap procedure, some simulation results and an analysis of two real datasets. 相似文献
19.
职业地位取得的社会性别差异 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文从描述被调查夫妇之间职业流动的性别差异出发,分别勾画出他们的地位实现模型。首先验证了不论性别,教育地位都是决定职业地位实现的首要变量;但也正是在教育地位的实现和向上流动(再求学)中,伴随婚姻生育等生命事件的发生,无形的结构性制度因素(意识形态层面的性别制度、性别规范和性别文化)正如后现代主义试图解构的那样依然支配着性别角色的社会化和继续社会化,使扮演双重角色的妻子或无意识地或有意识地遭遇了丈夫不为之所累的两难困境,并最终阻碍了女性的教育地位、既而是职业地位的实现。本文最后提出了三点建议和几个尚待解决的问题。 相似文献
20.