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41.
Jehad Al-jararha 《统计学通讯:模拟与计算》2013,42(8):1906-1916
A class of sampling two units without replacement with inclusion probability proportional to size is proposed in this article. Many different well known probability proportional to size sampling designs are special cases from this class. The first and second inclusion probabilities of this class satisfy important properties and provide a non-negative variance estimator of the Horvitz and Thompson estimator for the population total. Suitable choice for the first and second inclusion probabilities from this class can be used to reduce the variance estimator of the Horvitz and Thompson estimator. Comparisons between different proportional to size sampling designs through real data and artificial examples are given. Examples show that the minimum variance of the Horvitz and Thompson estimator obtained from the proposed design is not attainable for the most cases at any of the well known designs. 相似文献
42.
《Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation》2012,82(1):171-185
In this paper, inference for the scale parameter of lifetime distribution of a k-unit parallel system is provided. Lifetime distribution of each unit of the system is assumed to be a member of a scale family of distributions. Maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and confidence intervals for the scale parameter based on progressively Type-II censored sample are obtained. A β-expectation tolerance interval for the lifetime of the system is obtained. As a member of the scale family, half-logistic distribution is considered and the performance of the MLE, confidence intervals and tolerance intervals are studied using simulation. 相似文献
43.
The problem of sample size determination in the context of Bayesian analysis is considered. For the familiar and practically important parameter of a geometric distribution with a beta prior, three different Bayesian approaches based on the highest posterior density intervals are discussed. A computer program handles all computational complexities and is available upon request. 相似文献
44.
A methodological strategy for a one-number census in the UK 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Brown JJ Diamond ID Chambers RL Buckner LJ Teague AD 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society)》1999,162(2):247-267
As a result of lessons learnt from the 1991 census, a research programme was set up to seek improvements in census methodology. Underenumeration has been placed top of the agenda in this programme, and every effort is being made to achieve as high a coverage as possible in the 2001 census. In recognition, however, that 100% coverage will never be achieved, the one-number census (ONC) project was established to measure the degree of underenumeration in the 2001 census and, if possible, to adjust fully the outputs from the census for that undercount. A key component of this adjustment process is a census coverage survey (CCS). This paper presents an overview of the ONC project, focusing on the design and analysis methodology for the CCS. It also presents results that allow the reader to evaluate the robustness of this methodology. 相似文献
45.
A decision maker has to choose one of several random variables whose distributions are not known. As a Bayesian, she behaves as if she knew the distributions. In this paper we suggest an axiomatic derivation of these (subjective) distributions, which is more economical than the derivations by de Finetti or Savage. Whereas the latter derive the whole joint distribution of all the available random variables, our approach derives only the marginal distributions. Correspondingly, the preference questionnaire needed in our case is less smaller. 相似文献
46.
Russell J. Bowater 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2017,46(10):4774-4790
This paper sets out to identify the abilities that a person needs to be able to successfully use an experimental device, such as a probability wheel or balls in an urn, for the elicitation of subjective probabilities. It is assumed that the successful use of the device requires that the person elicits unique probability values that obey the standard probability laws. This leads to a definition of probability based on the idea of the similarity between the likeliness of events and this concept is naturally extended to the idea that probabilities have strengths, which relates to information about the likeliness of an event that lies beyond a simple probability value. The latter notion is applied to the problem of explaining the Ellsberg paradox. To avoid the definition of probability being circular, probabilities are defined such that they depend on the choice of a reference set of events R which, in simple cases, corresponds to the raw outcomes produced by using an experimental device. However, it is shown that even when the events in R are considered as having an “equal chance” of occurring, the values and/or strengths of probabilities can still be affected by the choice of the set R. 相似文献
47.
C.Y. Leung 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2013,42(5):1659-1667
The performance of Anderson's classification statistic based on a post-stratified random sample is examined. It is assumed that the training sample is a random sample from a stratified population consisting of two strata with unknown stratum weights. The sample is first segregated into the two strata by post-stratification. The unknown parameters for each of the two populations are then estimated and used in the construction of the plug-in discriminant. Under this procedure, it is shown that additional estimation of the stratum weight will not seriously affect the performance of Anderson's classification statistic. Furthermore, our discriminant enjoys a much higher efficiency than the procedure based on an unclassified sample from a mixture of normals investigated by Ganesalingam and McLachlan (1978). 相似文献
48.
49.
The well-known Meixner class (Meixner, 1934) of probabilities on R has been extended recently to R d (Pommeret, 1996). This generalized Meixner class corresponds to the simple quadratic natural exponential families characterized by Casalis (1996). Following Lancaster (1975), the present paper offers a characterization of the joint probability of a randomvector ( X, Y ) such that the two variables X and Y on R d belong to the multidimensional Meixner class and fulfil a bi-orthogonality condition involving orthogonal polynomials. The joint probabilities, called Lancaster probabilities, are characterized by two sequences of orthogonal polynomials with respect to the margins and a sequence of expectations of products. Some multivariate probabilities are studied, namely the Poisson-Gaussian and the gamma-Gaussian. 相似文献
50.
邓文婷 《太原师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2008,7(5):92-94
隐性采访是非公开身份或采访目的而进行的收集或披露新闻素材的方式,它能真实地采访到公开方式难以获得的新闻素材,将社会丑陋现象曝光,满足了受众的知情权,增强了舆论监督的力度,因而受到各新闻媒体的普遍青睐。但同时,隐性采访是否合法,作为舆论监督手段是否值得提倡的疑问也在学界存在。隐性采访有一定的法律基础,对隐性采访可以有条件地合法化,即隐性采访必须在法律允许的范围内,在道德的约束下采用,必须对其进行严格的限制和规范。 相似文献