Step-up and step-down methods for testing multiple hypotheses in sequential experiments

Sequential methods are developed for testing multiple hypotheses, resulting in a statistical decision for each individual test and controlling the familywise error rate and the familywise power in the strong sense. Extending the ideas of step-up and step-down methods for multiple comparisons to sequential designs, the new techniques improve over the Bonferroni and closed testing methods proposed earlier by a substantial reduction of the expected sample size.     

Extending the Bradley–Terry model for paired comparisons to accommodate weights

In the method of paired comparisons (PCs), treatments are compared on the basis of qualitative characteristics they possess, in the light of their sensory evaluations made by judges. However, there may emerge the situations where in addition to qualitative merits/worths, judges may assign quantitative weights to reflect/specify the relative importance of the treatments. In this study, an attempt is made to reconcile the qualitative and the quantitative PCs through assigning quantitative weights to treatments having qualitative merits using/extending the Bradley–Terry (BT) model. Behaviors of the existing BT model and the proposed weighted BT model are studied through the test of goodness-of-fit. Experimental and simulated data sets are used for illustration.     

On identification of transfer function models by biased regression methods

This paper investigates a biased regression approach to the preliminary estimation of the Box-Jenkins transfer function weights. Using statistical simulation to generate time series, 14 estimators (various OLS, ridge and principal components estimators) are compared in terms of MSE and standard error of the weight estimators. The estimators are investigated for different levels of multicollinearity, signal-to-noise ratio, number of independent variables, length of time series and number of lags included in the estimation. The results show that the ridge estimators nearly always give lower MSE than the OLS estimator, and in the computationally difficult cases give much lower MSE than the OLS estimator. The principal components estimators can give lower MSE than the OLS, but also higher values. All biased estimators nearly always give much lower estimated standard error than OLS when estimating the weights.     

A Bayesian nonparametric model for Taguchi's on-line quality monitoring procedure for attributes

A Bayesian nonparametric model for Taguchi's on-line quality monitoring procedure for attributes is introduced. The proposed model may accommodate the original single shift setting to the more realistic situation of gradual quality deterioration and allows the incorporation of an expert's opinion on the production process. Based on the number of inspections to be carried out until a defective item is found, the Bayesian operation for the distribution function that represents the increasing sequence of defective fractions during a cycle considering a mixture of Dirichlet processes as prior distribution is performed. Bayes estimates for relevant quantities are also obtained.     

论刑事程序对被追诉者的权利保障

刑事程序虽以追究与惩罚犯罪,实现国家刑罚权为其形成原因和基本功能,但随着人类社会的进步和程序价值的日益彰显,现代刑事程序具有越来越多的保障权利的功能。由于被追诉者是诉讼的核心和关键人物,现代各国的刑事程序均以被追诉者的权利为重点,设置了较为完备的保障体系,体现了刑事程序对被追诉者的主体地位和法律权利的尊重和关怀。     

以既判力原则为根据完善我国民事诉讼中再审程序

既判力理论的核心在于拘束法院及当事人不得轻易动摇法院的确定判决,以维护程序的安定性和法律的和平性.既判力作为现代诉讼法上的重要原则,却因我国民事再审程序的缺陷而受到严重的威胁和破坏,因此,有必要完善我国现行的再审程序.     

论党内民主制度建设的三个着力点

在党内民主的丰富内涵中,因为“制度问题更带有根本性、全局性、稳定性和长期性”,因此制度建设处于核心地位。针对目前党内民主生活的现状和存在的问题,我们认为应以制度的体系性、权威性、程序性为党内民主制度建设的着力点。