Indicators and Indices of Child Well-being: A Brief American History

This paper traces the history of indicators and indices of child well-being from its origins in the social indicator movement of the 1970s through recent developments in the field. Initial work calling for comprehensive sets of indicators of child well-being and later recommendations for indicator improvement are detailed. Products that resulted from these recommendations, such as comprehensive indicator reports and online resources are described. The development of child well-being indices is shown to parallel the history of indicators. The contributions of state and international indicator and index projects are included as well. Important aspects of child well-being indicator development are uncovered through documenting its history, including the need to focus on subjective as well as objective measures of well-being, and the need to develop indicators for the multiple ecological contexts of children’s lives, but to separate measures of context from measures of child outcomes. A rough consensus emerges across the history of indicator efforts on the critical domains of child well-being: physical, psychological, cognitive, social, and economic well-being. Recent recognition of the importance of indicators of positive development is noted. This paper was funded by the KIDS COUNT project of the Annie E. Casey Foundation.     

地区间农业生产效率差异研究

本文运用非参数Maimquist生产率指数评价了1990—2005年中国各省农业经济效率逐期变化动态情况,并利用该指数可分解为技术进步、技术效率改进特性,详细考察中国各区域发展不平衡的具体原因,旨在为促进农业经济健康发展提供科学借鉴。     

The ‘Extended’ Atkinson family: The class of multiplicatively decomposable inequality measures,and some new graphical procedures for analysts

This paper introduces and characterises a class of inequality measures which extends the Atkinson family. This class contains canonical forms of all aggregative inequality measures, each bounded above by one, provides a new dominance criterion for ordering distributions in terms of inequality and offers some new graphical procedures for analysts. The crucial axiom for the characterisation is an alternative to the standard additive decomposition property that we call ‘multiplicative decomposability,’ where the within-group component is a generalised weighted mean with weights summing exactly to one. An erratum to this article can be found at     

Sinn und Unsinn von Quoten auf Basis von preisbereinigten Werten

Zusammenfassung: Eine wesentliche Neuerung der Revision der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnungen vom April 2005 ist die Einführung eines neuen Deflationierungsverfahrens. Durch den übergang von der Festpreisbasis auf eine Vorjahrespreisbasis mit Verkettung liegt keine Additivit?t der preisbereinigten Komponenten eines Aggregats mehr vor. Dadurch k?nnen keine langen Zeitreihen von Quoten auf Basis preisbereinigter Werte berechnet werden. Für ?konomische Analysen zum sektoralen Strukturwandel und zur intersektoralen Arbeitsteilung fehlt damit ein erg?nzendes und relativierendes Ma?.

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Summary: A major change of the 2005 revision of German national accounts is the introduction of a new price adjustment method. The former fixed price base (last 1995 prices) has been replaced by an annually changing price base (previous year’s prices) with chain linking. But the chain-linked levels in absolute terms (billion Euro) are not additive. The sum of chain-linked sub aggregates (e. g. real gross value added by industries) differs from the value of the chain-linked total aggregate (e. g. real GDP). Thus it is no longer possible to calculate time series of ratios based on deflated values. Economic analysis of structural change or of the inter-sector division of labor thus loses a useful complementary measurement tool.

* Der Diskussionsbeitrag basiert auf einem Vortrag im Rahmen der Pfingsttagung der Deutschen Statistischen Gesellschaft am 20. Mai 2005 an der Universit?t Münster und im Rahmen der 7. VGR-Tagung am 10. Juni 2005 an der Universit?t Rostock.     

基于Bootstrap抽样的多元过程能力指数估计

过程能力指数主要用于定量描述加工过程满足技术规格要求的能力,目前普遍使用的能力指数如Cp、Cpk、Cpm等主要针对单一质量特性,关于多元质量特性的过程能力指数尚未得到很好地解决.本文首先对多元过程能力指数的发展情况做一总结,指出现存的若干问题,然后在单变量过程服从正态分布的假设下,利用单一质量特性加工过程的差异系数,对单变量过程能力指数进行加权处理,得到多元过程能力指数的计算公式.然后基于Bootstrap抽样技术,对多元过程能力指数的统计分布进行仿真处理,获得了多元能力指数的经验分布及其大致的置信区间,从而为有效进行多元质量特性加工过程分析提供了概率依据.最后以某曲轴加工过程为例给出了应用案例.     

Measuring Rational and Organizational-Political Planning Activities of Community Organization Workers

Abstract

Social planning in community organization work reflects two dominant planning styles-a rational style and an organizational-political style. Drawing upon literature from related disciplines, this article describes the development of an expert test that identified indices for the measurement of rational planning activity on the one hand, and organizational-political planning activity on the other. These indices were then applied to investigate the patterns of planning activities of a sample of 138 community organization workers in Israel. The findings show varying tendencies of workers in implementing planning activities, and indicate a lack of homogenous consolidated task patterns. Workers also were found to focus more on traditional planning activities than upon activities based on new knowledge. The findings underscore the importance of identifying factors which influence the tendency of workers to engage in planning activities in the two styles, rational and organizational-political.     

Globalisation Continues: The Maastricht Globalisation Index Revisited and Updated

Globalisation is a complex process which leads to an increasing connectedness and interrelatedness in the political, economic, social and cultural, technological, and environmental domain on many different scales. While this is a truly global phenomenon, it also has different impacts and manifestations in different geographic localities. As a result, different nations exhibit different levels of globalisation or connectedness. Further, perspectives on globalisation are manifold and change over time, therefore it is crucial to continuously reflect upon and revise existing methodologies. Composite indices are a powerful tool to capture and measure complex concepts that allow for monitoring complex systems over time and yield relative rankings and comparisons. This article presents a revised and updated Maastricht Globalisation Index for 117 countries and three points in time—2000, 2008, and 2012—including a new calculation methodology and data. Results show that globalisation still continues but has slowed down, due to the recent economic crisis.     

Assessing the performance of the least developed countries in terms of the Millennium Development Goals

This article presents a proposal for assessing the progress of least developed countries towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals over the period 2000–2015. Composite indices are built to perform spatial and temporal benchmarking relying on the P2 Distance method. The results are contrasted with other indices developed under a multi-criterion approach with a double reference point. The main findings are that all the countries have improved their situation and country disparities have been reduced. Cambodia and Ethiopia have registered the best trends and South Sudan and Timor-Leste show the worse performance. Considering the position in the 2015 ranking, Rwanda and Bhutan performed the best, while Somalia and Chad rank in the last position. Having now reached the end of the Millennium Development Goals period, the gap with respect to the world average indicates that much work remains to be done in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.     

The impact of Serbian public relations on economic indices

This study presents the research results whose aim was to examine and define dependences and the impact of public relations on business effects (economic indices are taken as representatives of business effects). Serbian companies were the object of this research. The data were collected by polling 100 managers from 100 companies. Multivariate regression and correlation were applied in order to determine the observed dependences. The research results confirm the existence of a significant direct relation between public relations and economic indices.     

多环芳烃的性质与拓扑指数关系的研究Ⅳ多环芳烃的致癌性与二阶分子连接性指数的相关性

以双区理论为基础 ,提出了多环芳烃的致癌性与其二阶分子连接性指数之间的定量关系方程 ,并利用该方程计算了 72个多环芳烃的致癌性 ,计算值与实验值吻合