La médiane simpliciale d'Oja: Existence,unicité et stabilité

Oja (1983) examined various ways of measuring location, scatter, skewness, and kurtosis for multivariate distributions. Among other measures of location, he introduced a generalised median known in this paper under the name of the Oja median. In our study of the existence of that median, we show that Oja's definition can only be applied to distributions having a mean. In dimension d θ 2, we establish that the usual method of extension breaks down, which raises the question of the validity of the concept as a notion of median. Two fundamental theoretical properties of that median are also considered: uniqueness and consistency.     

国际妇女参政运动的新趋势

妇女参政是妇女的基本人权,也是推动人类社会可持续发展和社会改革的重要内容。第四次世界妇女大会以来,在联合国的倡导和支持下,国际妇女参政运动在发展方向和发展政策方面取得积极进展和成功经验,同时提出新的奋斗目标和诉求;其发展趋势和经验教训,对中国妇女参与政治和决策有借鉴意义。     

Expected sample moments of concomitants of selected order statistics

In this paper, the task of determining expected values of sample moments, where the sample members have been selected based on noisy information, is considered. This task is a recurring problem in the theory of evolution strategies. Exact expressions for expected values of sums of products of concomitants of selected order statistics are derived. Then, using Edgeworth and Cornish-Fisher approximations, explicit results that depend on coefficients that can be determined numerically are obtained. While the results are exact only for normal populations, it is shown experimentally that including skewness and kurtosis in the calculations can yield greatly improved results for other distributions.     

Sample selection in radiocarbon dating

Archaeologists working on the island of O'ahu, Hawai'i, use radiocarbon dating of samples of organic matter found trapped in fish-pond sediments to help them to learn about the chronology of the construction and use of the aquicultural systems created by the Polynesians. At one particular site, Loko Kuwili, 25 organic samples were obtained and funds were available to date an initial nine. However, on calibration to the calendar scale, the radiocarbon determinations provided date estimates that had very large variances. As a result, major issues of chronology remained unresolved and the archaeologists were faced with the prospect of another expensive programme of radiocarbon dating. This paper presents results of research that tackles the problems associated with selecting samples from those which are still available. Building on considerable recent research that utilizes Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to aid archaeologists in their radiocarbon calibration and interpretation, we adopt the standard Bayesian framework of risk functions, which allows us to assess the optimal samples to be sent for dating. Although rather computer intensive, our algorithms are simple to implement within the Bayesian radiocarbon framework that is already in place and produce results that are capable of direct interpretation by the archaeologists. By dating just three more samples from Loko Kuwili the expected variance on the date of greatest interest could be substantially reduced.     

我国上市公司独立审计质量的博弈模型刻画及其分析

本文分析了我国上市公司独立审计中会计师事务所、公司管理当局、独立董事、监管部门在审计行为中的博弈关系,应用博弈经济理论研究了在信息不对称条件下四方互动博弈策略的选择,并针对多方博弈的影响因素提出了提高独立审计质量的策略,以期对改进我国上市公司独立审计质量有所裨益.     

居延新简释文补遗

目前公布的居延新简释文仍有未安之处,需进一步校订。其中E.P.T16:3简应改作“月壬戌以前,自殊死以下”;E.P.T40:64简应改作“大聚土,占客在门,所为来者言”;E.P.T43:175简应改作“□以取妇、嫁女、祠祀、远行、入官、迁徙”;E.P.T43:306简应改作“更始元年正月壬午朔己酉,令史业敢言之：乃戊申直符,谨行视,臧内户封皆完,毋盗贼发者,即日平旦付令史严。敢言之”;E.P.T43:325简应改作“造史为官署掌”;E.P.T2:30简应改作“造令史上造范护自占书功劳……官造令史二月二十日”。     

论老年人犯罪从宽暨免死的年龄标准与立法模式——以《刑法修正案(八)》为视角

老年人犯罪从宽的年龄标准应当有别于老年人免死的年龄标准。当前,中国对老年人犯罪从宽的年龄宜规定为"年满70周岁",而对老年人犯罪免死的年龄则宜规定为"年满75周岁"。对老年人犯罪从宽应当与对未成年人犯罪从宽相一致,统一规定为"应当从轻或者减轻处罚",而没有必要区分故意和过失犯罪分别规定。考虑到老年人犯罪免死的根据、刑罚目的和国际上的普遍做法,中国应当免除所有老年人犯罪的死刑,而不应有例外。     

《庄子·天下》与中国古代学术史

《庄子·天下》在中国古代学术史上的意义久被学者们所认识,但诸如:《庄子.天下》对道术体性的真正期望何在?其在论列旧法世传之史、邹鲁六经及百家之学时,其背后的学术内涵是什么?其对百家之学究竟是肯定还是否定?原因何在?所有这一切最终对中国古代学术文化有何等影响?这些问题至今似仍罕为学者所尽数参透,因而有必要再予诠衡论析,考订评量。但其中最为重要的是,中国古代政教制度实践对社会文化的辐射、影响之大,必须予以充分关注。     

Practical procedures to deal with common support problems in matching estimation

This paper assesses the performance of common estimators adjusting for differences in covariates, such as matching and regression, when faced with the so-called common support problems. It also shows how different procedures suggested in the literature affect the properties of such estimators. Based on an empirical Monte Carlo simulation design, a lack of common support is found to increase the root-mean-squared error of all investigated parametric and semiparametric estimators. Dropping observations that are off support usually improves their performance, although the magnitude of the improvement depends on the particular method used.     

从城市崇拜看阎连科的小说创作

阎连科出生在贫困的乡村,由于童年和少年时期的缺失性体验而产生一种向往城市的心理。这种心理在他的小说中体现为贫瘠土地上的青年农民拼命逃离土地、渴望进入城市的迫切心情。他的小说可以让人感受到主人公在逃离土地之路上挣扎的痛苦心声,同时也可体味到作者希冀精神上回归土地的殷切心情。