The Discursive Performance of the Alliance in Family Therapy: A Conversation Analytic Perspective

Following the ‘discursive’ turn in family therapy, the attention of practitioners shifted towards understanding how culture and language shape meaning‐making in therapy. In this article, we demonstrate how conversation analysis (CA) can be used to examine the processes and outcomes of systemic/constructionist practice. We used CA to study collaborative interactions of a renowned constructionist therapist Karl Tomm and one client‐family. Viewing collaboration as a pivotal aspect of the therapeutic alliance, we demonstrate how the ‘split’ within‐system alliances were developed and sustained in the course of therapy and how they were discursively transformed into ‘intact’ alliances. The therapist's efforts to align with perspectives of family members (and subsystems) seemed pivotal in this process.     

Understanding the experience of stressors: The use of sequential analysis for exploring the patterns between various work stressors and strain

The availability of traditional self-report instruments for measuring work stressors may have diverted attention from exploring the way in which different stressors relate to one another. In order to develop a better understanding of the nature of the stressor experience a study was undertaken to explore the stressor-strain relationship using sequential tree analysis, a stepwise procedure that provides a “visual display” of the patterns and associations between stressors and strains. The study employed a sample of 695 principals and deputy principal teachers of secondary schools in New Zealand, who received a questionnaire measuring stressors and strains. SPSS AnswerTree® (version 2.0.1) was used to identify the patterns of association. The patterns of stressors that emerge from this analysis were used in a didactic or illustrative way to identify issues of measurement that may need to be resolved in order to derive a better understanding of the stressor experience. Different stressor patterns were associated with different levels of, but lower levels of strain were not simply the obverse of those stressors that cause higher levels of strain. Two not mutually exclusive issues emerge from the results, suggesting that stressor measurement practices may need to be reviewed. The first includes structural level issues such as considering the number, type, and potency of different stressors. The second includes issues best described as conditions of association. These concern understanding why different stressor patterns form, the relationship between stressors in those patterns, and the potency of patterns.     

多元文化视野下的英语教学

在经济全球化和社会一体化进程中,文化的多元性日益彰显。英语教学与文化息息相关。在教学中,应理顺文化多元性与英语教学的关系,反对对待文化与英语教学的几种不良倾向,重视课程和教材的再建设,扎根民族文化,吸收外来文化,结合乡土文化,培养学生的文化敏感性,提高文化创造力。     

不同企业产权制度中的劳动关系

如何科学地处理和管理各种类型企业中的劳动关系，是经济改革的新课题。本文以产权制度为核心，对国有企业、私有制企业和中介经济性质的企业中的劳动关系分别进行剖析，认为造成各种不同类型企业的劳动关系及其管理差异的根本原因是企业产权制度的不同。因此，理顺劳动关系，规范劳动管理的关键在于建立现代企业制度     

大学生人际交往探析

人际交往事关社会与人生。对大学生这个特殊的社会群体来说 ,人际交往有着特别重要的意义。现代社会对人才的人际交往能力要求愈来愈高 ,人际交往能力已成为现代人才的重要素质之一。而当今大学生的人际交往现状不容乐观。高等院校要把培养学生的人际交往能力作为一项工作目标 ,着力贯彻落实。     

Daughter‐Father Relationships and Adolescent Psychosocial Functioning in Low‐Income African American Families

This study examines the role of biological and social fathers in the lives of low‐income African American adolescent girls (N= 302). Sixty‐five percent of adolescents identified a primary father; two thirds were biological and one third were social fathers. Adolescents reported more contentious and less close relationships with biological than with social fathers. Multivariate regression analyses indicated that daughters' perceptions of anger and alienation from fathers was related to greater emotional and behavioral problems for adolescents, whereas perceptions of trust and communication with fathers were not predictive of youth outcomes. These relationships were generally similar for biological and social fathers, but differed according to fathers' level of contact with their daughters. A combination of low contact and high levels of either anger or trust in the daughter‐father relationship related to particularly deleterious psychosocial outcomes for adolescent girls.     

Gender Differences in Adult Sibling Relations in Two‐Child Families

We examine affective closeness, contact, and helping among adult siblings using data for over 1,500 respondents in 2‐child families from the National Survey of Families and Households. Using this subsample allows us to investigate differences by gender of respondent and of individual siblings using a nationally representative sample. We find that siblings are central to the lives of adults; most sibling relationships involve frequent contact and positive feelings. Sister pairs phone and exchange advice more often than do other sibling pairs. Women are more likely than men to report feeling close to or getting along with their sibling. We find no consistent differences in visiting. Giving and receiving help appear to reflect gendered forms of intimacy and of household labor.     

Status of organization–public relationship research from an analysis of published articles, 1985–2004

This study analyzes trends and patterns of research about organization-public relationships (OPR) through a content analysis of articles published between 1985 and 2004. The current status of OPR studies suggests that we have made progress in OPR research over the past two decades but need to explicate, replicate and extend the existing studies and cumulate the research trend.     

Multilevel analysis in social research: An application of a cross-classified model

The multilevel approach can be a fruitful methodological framework in which to formulate the micro-macro relationships existing between individuals and their contexts. Usually, place of residence is taken as proxy for context. But individuals can be classified at the same level in more than one way. For example, not only may place of residence be relevant, but birthplace, household or working relations may also be taken into account. Contextual effects can be better identified if multiple classifications are simultaneously considered. in this sense, data do not have a purely hierarchical structure but a cross-classified one, and become very important to establish whether the resulting structure affects the covariance structure of data. In this paper, some critical issues arising from application of multilevel modelling are discussed, and multilevel cross-classified models are proposed as more flexible tools to study contextual effects. A multilevel cross-classified model is specified to evaluate simultaneously the effects of women's place of birth and women's current place of residence on the choice of bearing a second child by Italian women in the mid-1990s.     

认真研究十个问题正确处理十大关系

运用教育学的理论,认真研究江西农业大学在改革发展中出现的十个问题,开拓、创新,从理论与实践结合的高度提出正确处理这些问题的十大关系.