Context and Age Differences in Same‐ and Other‐gender Peer Preferences

Age and gender differences in preferences for same‐ and other‐gender peers as partners for working on a school project and casual interactions at home were investigated. Participants were 82 students (19 sixth‐grade preadolescents; 29 eighth‐grade adolescents; 34 tenth‐ and eleventh‐grade older adolescents). Same‐gender preferences were assessed via peer nominations and ratings of expected enjoyment of interacting with same‐ and other‐gender peers. Preferences varied by context: individuals expected to enjoy same‐gender peers more than other‐gender peers when working on a project at school but not when interacting casually at home. Greater expected enjoyment of same‐gender peers over other‐gender peers was most pronounced for preadolescent boys and girls, and least pronounced for older adolescent males. Nominations of same‐gender peers for home and school activities decreased with age. Results are interpreted in light of a social‐contextual approach to gender segregation.     

The Treatment of Relationship Status in Research on Dating and Mate Selection

The relationship status of study participants (e.g., daters, cohabitors, marrieds, or unmarrieds) has implications for understanding dating and mate selection. Procedures used in studies may blur or ignore status distinctions. The authors examined methods used in 791 studies published from 1991 – 2001. Most commonly, status of participants is unspecified, and different statuses are collapsed for analysis. Status of participants is associated with recruitment method, and type (e.g., romantic, friendship) and form (e.g., perceived, current) of relationship measured. Unspecified samples are associated with research on the topics of universal properties or causal conditions, and specified samples with mate selection. The connection between status and topic is becoming more blurred over time. Recommendations for studying and reporting status are provided.     

北约东扩及俄罗斯与北约关系走向分析

北约东扩是发生在20世纪90年代具有全局性影响的大事件。作为首当其冲的俄罗斯对此感受最紧迫,因为东扩会威胁到俄罗斯的生存。普京总统上任后,采取更为现实的应对措施,以图缓和双方的冲突。对于俄罗斯能否加入北约,以及俄罗斯与北约关系前景问题,目前就下结论似乎为时尚早。     

大学生群体的人际关系初探

了解和把握大学生群体的人际关系对促进高校思想教育 ,培养合格人才具有重要的意义。大学生群体的人际关系的形成大致经历交往与选择、探索与了解、相容与密切等几个发展阶段。大学生群体的人际关系有其鲜明独特的特点 ,即目标的选择性、情感的纯洁性、内容的广泛性、行为的变动性等。大学生人际关系的密切程度一般受到其空间距离的远近、交往频率的高低、态度相似的程度、个性互补的大小等因素的制约与影响。     

女大学生宿舍人际关系问题探究

近几年来,女大学生宿舍人际关系问题已成为许多女大学生人际交往中最困惑、最苦恼的问题之一。女大学生宿舍人际关系中存在的小群体交往、核心人物、精神之战等现象,以及表面性与暂时性交织、复发性与持续性相伴、隐约性与突发性并存的人际矛盾特点,都反映出女大学生在个体自我认知和交往心理的缺陷以及学校科学化教育管理的缺失。为此,只有帮助女大学生正确认识自我,培养健康心理,树立正确的人际交往观念,掌握人际交往技巧;建立健全学校教育、管理制度,才能促进女大学生良好宿舍人际关系的形成。     

女性的长期择偶策略与短期性关系策略对比研究

女性在选择长期配偶时注重男性的经济资源（现有的和未来可能拥有的）,以及对自己和后代投资的意愿。有了这样的男性作保障,女性的基因会在生活优越的后代身上得以延续,此时女性采用的是＂后天取胜＂的策略。而女性在选择短期性伙伴时偏爱那些拥有典型男子汉气概的异性,这类情人能提供更优秀的基因,可使她的子辈在母亲腹中时就拥有生存和繁殖的优势,女性的基因就可能在身体健康、具有性魅力的孩子身上得以传递,此时女性采用的是＂先天取胜＂策略。     

跨国通婚、信仰与秩序——义乌穆斯林跨国通婚研究

义乌穆斯林跨国通婚现象,是一个近20年来随着义乌经济突飞猛进而次生出的相关族群深度交往的社会现象。但对于从单一族群突然发展为多族群混杂的小小县级市义乌来说,似乎已经影响到社会的安定繁荣、利益的分配机制以及人们的发展机遇等重大领域,及时地对这个专题进行调查研究,不仅在学术理论上有一定的作用,而且在应用实践上也具有重大意义。     

Complex technological capabilities in emerging economy firms: The role of organizational relationships

Formal organizational relationships are important sources for capability building in emerging economy firms eager to move up the value chain. We examine how access to valuable knowledge available to firms via organizational relationships creates learning opportunities necessary for the development of complex technological capabilities. Using a sample of 852 observations of emerging economy firms from the Indian software industry between 1992 and 2000, we find that developing strong domestic intra-organizational relationships, through affiliation with a moderately diversified business group or operating in a related industry, promote more complex technological capabilities. In the case of foreign inter-organizational relationships, we find that greater foreign client contact enhances the complexity of firm technological capabilities. However, accessing knowledge from domestic inter-organizational relationships appears to hinder the development of firm complex technological capabilities. An interesting result from our research was that having greater access to knowledge from foreign intra-organizational relationships, embedded within foreign subsidiaries, did not lead to the development of complex firm technological capabilities. The results of our study highlight that for emerging economy firms wanting to improve their complex technological capabilities, there may be diminishing benefits to learning from and acquiring knowledge available within specific types of formal organizational relationships.     

企业网络能力的结构测度与实证研究

针对目前企业网络能力实证研究的不足,提出了网络能力构成的4个层次:网络愿景、网络构建、关系管理和关系组合,以及细分的13个能力要素;在此基础上开发了企业网络能力的测度量表,运用346个中国企业的样本数据进行了统计检验。研究结果表明,网络能力的测度量表具有较好的信度和效度,最后,提出了未来研究的方向。