Because they were there: Access,deliberation, and the mobilization of networks for support

When people need help, what is the process through which they decide whom in their network to turn to? Research on social support has described a process that is deliberative in nature: people determine their needs, assess who in their network has the needed attributes—such as skill, trustworthiness, intimacy, and accessibility—and then activate that tie. Nevertheless, research in behavioral economics and other fields has shown that people make many decisions not deliberatively but intuitively. We examine this possibility in the context of social support by focusing on one factor: accessibility. Although researchers have argued that people weigh the accessibility of potential helpers as they do any other attribute, accessibility may be not only an attribute of the helper but also a condition of the situation. We develop a framework to make this question tractable for survey research and evaluate competing hypotheses using original data on an analytically strategic sample of ∼2000 college students, probing concrete instances of social support. We identify and document not one but three decision processes, reflective, incidental, and spontaneous activation, which differ in the extent to which actors had deliberated on whether to seek help and on whom to approach before activating the tie. We find that while the process was reflective (consistent with existing theory) when skill or trustworthiness played a role, it was significantly less so (consistent with the alternative) when accessibility did. Findings suggest that actors decide whom in their network to mobilize through at least three systematically different processes, two of which are consistent less with either active “mobilization” or explicit “help seeking” than with responsiveness to opportunity and context.     

论《墨子》经济思想中的生态因子及对当代的启迪

墨家的经济思想蕴涵着丰富的生态因子,这一点在其生产观、消费观、赋税观及分配观中这几个领域得到了充分的体现.墨家的这种思想给身处生态困境中的当代人类以深刻的启迪.     

我国海上油田钻井完井投资测算方法研究

本文分析了我国海上油田钻井完井投资测算的现有方法,针对存在的问题和不足,从内生变量的选择、相关系数、变量的影响程度等方面进行分析研究,提出以作业周期、井深、水深三个因素进行测算的新方法。     

4万亿经济激励计划背后的经济学问题

凯恩斯的宏观经济理论既不涉及现实的政治维度，也不关注微观经济层面的资源配置效率问题，这样的理论应用于现实的结果很可能是弊大于利。作为应用凯恩斯理论的总需求管理思想的产物，中国4万亿的经济刺激计划在政治层面难以避免寻租和腐败、政治权力固化等问题，在经济层面有可能导致资源配置的扭曲。虽然政府出台了各种监管措施以预防这种可能出现的弊病，但经验和理论都告诉我们这些措施的有效性是有限的。     

论民族经济学的学科地位与作用

民族经济学于1979年创建,适应了中国多民族国家的国情与社会主义现代化建设需要,具有民族学与经济学的双重学科归属.这门由中国人自己创建的经济学分支学科,在学科理论建设、学术成果积累与专业人才培养方面取得了巨大成就.并通过不可取代的学科地位与鲜明的应用性特征,展现出民族经济学的发展前景.     

How to Compete Against a Behavioral Newsvendor

We investigate newsvendor ordering behavior under competition. We present a laboratory experiment that documents the behavioral ordering regularities in competitive newsvendor environments, and an analytical model extending the standard theory of newsvendor competition by including an optimal best‐response policy for competing with a behaviorally biased newsvendor. We test the effectiveness of this policy using an out‐of‐sample experiment and find that it results in improved market share, service level and profitability.     

论判定补贴利益的私人投资基准： 法解释学与法经济学的视角

在反补贴案件中,私人投资基准是判定政府投资是否带给企业以补贴利益的标准。在具体选择私人投资基准时,不宜设置股权比例的限制,也不可选择囿于沉没成本效应的内部投资者价格,更不应采用容易异化为贸易保护的结构价格。若无私人投资价格,可转而审查政府投资是否基于商业动机,但投资动机的举证责任由被调查方承担。符合关联性、中立性、逻辑性、专业性四项要求,由会计师事务所等专业机构出具的报告,是商业动机的首选证据。     

基于内生交易费用的农村集体资产股份制改革

以内生交易费用的视角考察现阶段集体资产股份合作制改革,发现股权集体股的设置导致部分资产产权不清晰,股权封闭和政经不分带来合作社的内部监督失效和激励机制不足,从而引起村干部管理者寻租、偷懒等机会主义行为,增加了合作社治理的内生交易费用。苏州市通过集体股确权到户和股权固化,实施合作社“代理记账”,建立村集体财务监管平台和资产交易平台,实现“政经分离”及开放治理等一系列改革措施,明晰了集体资产产权主体,建立了有效的激励约束机制,有利于减少合作社代理人机会主义行为,降低了合作社治理的内生交易费用。苏州经验表明,在农村集体资产股份合作制改革过程中,政府主导力量的恰当发挥是改革的成功前提,同时也要尊重合作社治理的内生动力;通过赋予农民清晰完整的股权,建立顺畅的股权流转体系,有利于合作社内部治理体制的完善;合作社管理者的行为规范还有赖于政府实施的外部监督机制。     

新制度经济学视阈中的当代中国意识形态建构

整体上看,中国的意识形态为改革演进起到了新制度经济学所说的良好的社会动员、社会整合和激励作用,确保了改革的成功。但主流意识形态在理论和现实的挑战与冲突中趋于弱化,也是不争的事实。建构当代中国的意识形态,要以马克思主义为指导,牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向;应把个人精神生活、一般思想理论与国家意识形态适当分离,在个人观念的竞争中实现接合;应提炼现实、接轨世界、转型话语,以社会公正与和谐为中心进行价值重组,积极创新与发展马克思主义,赢得接合中的主导权;应继续保证政治统治的"绩效合法性"。     

马克思主义政治经济学研究对象探析

任何一种理论的产生都来源于实践,任何一种理论的价值都在于指导实践.诞生于十九世纪三、四十时年代,成熟于十九世纪七十时年代并充分反映"资本主义生产方式以及和它相适应的生产关系和交换关系"的马克思主义政治经济学也面临着时代所赋予的挑战.在坚持马克思主义政治经济学理论的基本框架的前提下,马克思主义政治经济学研究对象的内容应扩大化、深化和细化,以适应社会发展的需要.