论孔子的仁礼合一说

仁与礼是孔子学说的两个基本范畴,仁礼关系是孔子学说的基本关系.在传统礼乐文化中发现仁,复引仁入礼,以礼释仁,赋予礼乐文化以真实意义与内在价值是孔子对中国文化的巨大贡献.孔子在中国文化史上创建了以仁为本源,以礼为表征,仁礼合一的思想系统.在这一思想系统中,礼是孔子对传统的继承,仁是孔子的创辟;仁是内在原则,礼是外在规范;仁是绝对的,礼是相对的;仁是常道,礼是变道.从纵向上讲,孔子的仁礼合一是继承与创新的合一;从横向上说,仁礼合一是内在原则与外在表现形式的合一.宋明儒者视礼为理,乾嘉学者以礼代理,都使礼由相对变为绝对,从而使礼由陶冶人性情的缘饰品变而为束缚人性正常发展的桎梏.据仁以成礼,非设礼以限仁,是孔子开出的儒学发展的正途.     

Censored Kullback-Leibler Information and Goodness-of-Fit Test with Type II Censored Data

The Kulback-Leibler information has been considered for establishing goodness-of-fit test statistics, which have been shown to perform very well (Arizono & Ohta, 1989; Ebrahimi et al., 1992, etc). In this paper, we propose censored Kullback-Leibler information to generalize the discussion of the Kullback-Leibler information to the censored case. Then we establish a goodness-of-fit test statistic based on the censored Kullback-Leibler information with the type 2 censored data, and compare the test statistics with some existing test statistics for the exponential and normal distributions.     

Comparison of estimators of the location parameter using pitman's closeness criterion

Necessary and sufficient conditions for a linear estimator to dominate another linear estimator of a location parameter under the Pitman's criterion of comparison are discussed. Consequently it is demonstrated that a linear biased estimator can not dominate a linear unbiased estimator under Pitman's criterion and that the sample mean is the Closest Linear Unbiased Estimator (CLUE). It is also shown that the ridge regression estimator with a known biasing constant can not dominate the ordinary least squares estimator. If an estimator δdominates an estimator δin the average loss sense then sufficient conditions are obtained under which δis also preferred over δunder Pitman's criterion. Further we obtain sufficient conditions under which preference under the Pitman's criterion will lead to preference under the mean squared error sense.     

Multivariate Measures of Well-Being and an Analysis of Inequality in the Michigan Data

We demonstrate a multidimensional approach for combining several indicators of well-being, including the traditional money-income indicators. This methodology avoids the difficult and much criticized task of computing imputed incomes for such indicators as net worth and schooling. Inequality in the proposed composite measures is computed using relative inequality indexes that permit simple analysis of both the contribution of each welfare indicator (and its factor components) and within and between components of total inequality when the population is grouped by income levels, age, gender, or any other criteria. The analysis is performed on U.S. data using the Michigan Survey of Income Dynamics.     

On cumulative entropies

In analogy with the cumulative residual entropy recently proposed by Wang et al. [2003a. A new and robust information theoretic measure and its application to image alignment. In: Information Processing in Medical Imaging. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2732, Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 388–400; 2003b. Cumulative residual entropy, a new measure of information and its application to image alignment. In: Proceedings on the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’03), vol. 1, IEEE Computer Society Press, Silver Spring, MD, pp. 548–553], we introduce and study the cumulative entropy, which is a new measure of information alternative to the classical differential entropy. We show that the cumulative entropy of a random lifetime X can be expressed as the expectation of its mean inactivity time evaluated at X. Hence, our measure is particularly suitable to describe the information in problems related to ageing properties of reliability theory based on the past and on the inactivity times. Our results include various bounds to the cumulative entropy, its connection to the proportional reversed hazards model, and the study of its dynamic version that is shown to be increasing if the mean inactivity time is increasing. The empirical cumulative entropy is finally proposed to estimate the new information measure.     

THE CHOICE BETWEEN SETS OF REGRESSORS

This paper examines the choice of critical values for testing both non-sequential and nested sequential sets of constraints in the standard linear regression model. Modest increases in (e.g.) t-ratio critical values relative to their one-off values are often sufficient to maintain proper size. A Bayesian decision-theoretic approach, highlighted by the Schwarz (1978) criterion, provides a framework for deriving consistency and asymptotic local power properties of both forms of testing (data mining) algorithms.     

Taub-NUT黑洞的统计熵

避开求解波动方程的困难,利用量子统计的方法,直接计算轴对称Taub-NUT黑洞背景下玻色场和费米场的配分函数.然后利用改进的砖墙方法——膜模型,计算黑洞背景下的玻色场和费米场的熵.计算表明,黑洞的熵与视界面积成正比的结论只有在薄膜的厚度远小于截断因子或两者为同阶无穷小时成立,当无穷小薄膜的厚度远大于无穷小截断因子时,黑洞的熵有一个对数发散项,黑洞熵不再与视界面积成正比.     

Entropy Principles in Decision Making Under Risk

This paper considers decision problems where: (1) The exact probability distribution over the states of nature is not precisely known, but certain prior information is available about the possibilities of these outcomes; (2) A prior distribution over the states of nature is known, but new constraint information about the probabilities becomes available. The maximum entropy principle asserts that the probability distribution with maximum entropy, satisfying the prior knowledge, should be used in the decision problem. The minimum cross-entropy principle says that the posterior distribution is the one which minimizes cross-entropy, subject to the new constraint information. The entropy principles have not gone uncriticized, and this literature, together with that justifying the principles, is surveyed. Both principles are illustrated in a number of situations where the distribution is either discrete or continuous. The discrete distribution case with prior interval estimates based on expert opinions is considered in detail.     

AIN基片上重掺杂硼的多晶硅膜电阻率温度特性

研究了ＡｌＮ基片上重掺杂硼的多晶硅膜电阻率温度特性。实验发现，膜电阻率随温度变化呈现出从ＮＴＣ过渡到ＰＴＣ的Ｕ型特性，转折温度ＴＭ的位置依赖工艺条件的变化。理论分析表明：晶界势垒使膜电阻率在温度变化上存在一个极小值，极小值对应的转折温度正比于晶界势垒。     

论新课标下学生数学思维能力的培养

顺应新课程标准的要求，数学思维能力的培养必须在遵循概念、判断、推理等一般规律的基础上，着力改进数学教学评价方式，努力将数学课堂还原为学堂，将数学教学延伸到课外、校外，引领学生在生动的数学学习中生成数学思维能力．