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61.
《统计学通讯:模拟与计算》2012,41(6):787-803
The minimax estimation of functionals by a finite number of noisy observations is considered. A new way to formalize the problem that enables one to calculate non asymptotic optimal estimates is proposed. The calculations can be turned into and executed as a computer algorithm or carried out analytically under week assumptions on random variables. Some examples are considered. 相似文献
62.
《Adoption quarterly》2013,16(2):71-81
ABSTRACT Public agency adoption programs require accurate and current data to identify trends, project caseloads and costs, revise practice and develop financial incentive systems. The federal government and advocacy groups also need accurate and current statistics on adoption to formulate and implement major policy initiatives. Collection of data to establish baselines for the federal Adoption Incentive Program resulted in a re-examination of recent underestimates of the number of adoptions. The underestimates were produced by a convergence of factors including under-reporting by states, use of inappropriate data as the basis for the estimates, and real increases in the number of adoptions. 相似文献
63.
Qian Cai 《Population research and policy review》2007,26(2):203-218
The increasing demand for small area population estimates calls for both innovative ways of using existing data and new techniques
suitable for small area estimates. This paper explores the methods for population estimates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic
origin at the census tract level for Multnomah County, Oregon. New techniques include employing building permits to indirectly
estimate migration and examining the changes in age/sex structure using the American Community Survey (ACS). A practical method
for bridging the race categories is also developed. Finally, the paper discusses some reflections on small area estimates
and the potentials of using ACS to track the changes of the demographic characteristics for the sub-county level. 相似文献
64.
65.
The authors propose a new class of robust estimators for the parameters of a regression model in which the distribution of the error terms belongs to a class of exponential families including the log‐gamma distribution. These estimates, which are a natural extension of the MM‐estimates for ordinary regression, may combine simultaneously high asymptotic efficiency and a high breakdown point. The authors prove the consistency and derive the asymptotic normal distribution of these estimates. A Monte Carlo study allows them to assess the efficiency and robustness of these estimates for finite samples. 相似文献
66.
A Bayesian nonparametric estimate of the survival distribution is derived under a particular sampling scheme for grouped data that includes the possibility of censoring. The estimate uses the prior information to smooth the data, giving an estimate which is continuous. As special cases survival estimates for life tables are obtained and the estimate of Susarla and Van Ryzin (1976) is derived. As the weight of the prior information tends to zero, the Bayesian estimate reduces to a continuous version of the nonparametric maximum-likelihood estimate. An empirical Bayes modification of the procedure is illustrated on a data set from Cutler and Ederer (1958). 相似文献
67.
A sorting-and-measuring machine (SMM) measures and sorts (classifies) on-line produced items into several groups according to their size. The measuring devices of the SMM perceive the actual item size with a random error ε and classify the item as being smaller than b iff z+ε<b. Here ε is a normal zero-mean r.v. with unknown standard deviation σ which is the main parameter characterizing the precision and technical condition of an SMM. The paper gives the following method of estimating σ. N0 items are measured and N1 of them are recognized by the SMM as belonging to the group a<z≤b. These N1 items are sorted again and N2 of them return to this group, these are sorted again, and so on. The estimation of σ is based on the statistics Nm/Nn. Moments of the ratio statistics Nm/Nn and their distributional properties are investigated. It turns out that the expected value of Nm/Nn depends almost linearly on σ which allows us to construct ‘almost’ unbiased estimators of type with good propert including robustness with respect to the distribution of item size. Convex combinations of statistics are considered to obtain an estimator with minimal variance. 相似文献
68.
In the health and social sciences, researchers often encounter categorical data for which complexities come from a nested hierarchy and/or cross-classification for the sampling structure. A common feature of these studies is a non-standard data structure with repeated measurements which may have some degree of clustering. In this paper, methodology is presented for the joint estimation of quantities of interest in the context of a stratified two-stage sample with bivariate dichotomous data. These quantities are the mean value π of an observed dichotomous response for a certain condition or time-point and a set of correlation coefficients for intra-cluster association for each condition or time period and for inter-condition correlation within and among clusters. The methodology uses the cluster means and pairwise joint probability parameters from each cluster. They together provide appropriate information across clusters for the estimation of the correlation coefficients. 相似文献
69.
70.
Exact sampling distributions of sums of squares in the unbalanced one-way random model are obtained under heterogeneous error variances. These distributions are used to investigate the effect of heteroscedasticity and unbalancedness on the probability of negative estimate of the group variance component. The computed results reveal that heteroscedasticity affects the probability of negative estimate in all situations of group sizes. Further, the probability decreases with heterogeneity of error variances for balanced situations and increases with variability among group size for equal error variances case. 相似文献