基于角色的柔性流程建模

在分析基于活动的流程模型基础上,讨论了基于角色的流程建模方法.首先基于资源依赖的业务目标分解预制角色类,以简化角色的确定过程.在此基础上,提出了层次化的流程建模框架,此框架将流程建模分解为分析、服务分解、装配和部署等步骤,通过角色的选择、配置和组合实现一定的流程建模柔性.     

A mediational model of workplace flexibility,work–family conflict,and perceived stress among caregivers of older adults

As an increasing number of employees become caregivers, the role of workplace resources in supporting caregivers has attracted the attention of researchers, employers, and policy-makers. Workplace flexibility is one type of resource that has attracted particular interest, with research exploring whether flexibility (that is, giving employees some control over when and/or where work gets done) is related to important outcomes for both employees and employers. This investigation develops and tests a mediational model explicating the process through which workplace flexibility – operationalized in three distinct ways – impacts caregiver stress among US employees. Using a sample of 211 caregivers from the National Study of the Changing Workforce (2008), results show that work-to-family conflict mediates the relationship between perceived workplace flexibility and caregiver stress as well as the relationship between access to flexible work options and caregivers stress. However, the mediational model is not supported when flexibility is operationalized as respondents’ formal use of flexible work options. Implications for employers and future research are discussed.     

Unemployment risks and demands on labour-market flexibility: an analysis of attitudinal patterns in Sweden

People's attitudes towards four aspects of labour-market flexibility corresponding to demands in the unemployment insurance regulations in Sweden were examined. Hypotheses of resistance versus adaptation to these demands were tested. The study showed that unemployed individuals took a relatively more negative stand towards demands on financial flexibility and spatial flexibility. Individuals in low-skilled socio-economic positions were relatively more negative towards demands on financial flexibility, flexibility on time and spatial flexibility, but had the opposite attitude towards functional flexibility. The youngest people in the sample were very similar to the middle-aged in their attitudes, but were more positive towards spatial flexibility. The oldest in the sample were the most negative towards all flexibility aspects. Women took a more negative stand towards flexibility in time and spatial flexibility. Family situation constrained willingness to be flexible. Women with children and single parents were the most negative towards being available in time. Generally, having children diminished willingness for spatial flexibility, but increased it for functional flexibility.     

A cross‐cultural test of the work‐family interface in 48 countries

This study tests a cross‐cultural model of the work‐family interface. Using multigroup structural equation modeling with IBM survey responses from 48 countries (N= 25,380), results show that the same work‐family interface model that fits the data globally also fits the data in a four‐group model composed of culturally related groups of countries, as well as a two‐group gender model. This supports a transportable rather than a culturally specific or gender‐specific work‐family interface model: notably, job flexibility related to reduced work‐family conflict, reduced family‐work conflict, and enhanced work‐family fit. Work‐family fit related to increased job satisfaction. Findings suggest that investment by multinational companies in job flexibility initiatives may represent a dual‐agenda way to benefit men, women, and businesses in diverse cultures.     

柔性网络教学资源库及其实现途径

新一代教学资源库的建设是一场从性质到功能上的变革。针对目前从管理者角度构建网络教 学资源库存在的不足,提出了柔性网络教学资源库的概念,并对其特征进行分析。柔性网络 教学资源库是一个开放的、协作的、能动的资源平台,从教学活动角度构建柔性网络教学资 源库是一种"需求驱动资源"的设计思路。基于这一思路,从内容、功能、方式、管理四方 面探讨了实现柔性网络教学资源库的途径。     

财务柔性、自由现金流与投资不足———来自中国上市公司的经验证据

基于财务柔性理论,探讨了财务柔性(包括现金柔性和债务柔性)对自由现金流与投资不足间关系的影响,并运用中国上市公司的样本进行实证分析。研究表明:自由现金流水平对投资不足行为具有约束作用;现金柔性和债务柔性均对自由现金流与投资不足的关系有显著的正向调节作用;从债务柔性的不同来源看,剩余短期银行借款能力对自由现金流与投资不足的关系有显著的正向调节作用,而剩余商业信用能力对上述关系的影响不显著。     

食品检测咀嚼机器人灵活性分析与运动仿真

为了解决目前食品检测中检测不准确,反馈速度慢,评价不客观等问题,设计了基于Stewart平台的咀嚼仿生机 器人;介绍了咀嚼仿生机器人的工作原理;推导了机构的雅克比矩阵;分析了机构在中位时的局部灵活性;建立了仿真咀 嚼平台的虚拟样机模型;模拟了下颌简单的张合运动。仿真结果表明驱动杆的各种物理量变化曲线与人类真实咀嚼运 动比较吻合,机构的设计合理可靠。该机构能准确、快速、客观地实现食品的检测。     

价格随机和销售成本信息不对称下的应急数量弹性契约

以市场需求和市场价格同时波动的二级供应链为研究对象,运用显示机理构建了销售成本信息不对称下的应急数量弹性契约模型,得出最优订货和定价策略,并与对称信息下的决策情况进行对比,分析突发事件及销售成本信息不对称对于供应链最优决策的影响,并用算例进行验证。研究结果表明:当突发事件暴发时,数量弹性契约无法实现价格随机和不对称信息下供应链的协调,供应商仅能通过重置契约保证零售商分享私有信息;此时,供应商期望收益随信息不对称程度增大而减小,零售商却能通过信息不对称获取更丰厚的收益。若市场需求增大,零售商隐藏信息的行为会抑制增产计划,进而降低供应链整体效益;若市场需求减小,供应商采取降低供应量和批发价的策略,可以有效防止供应过量风险。     

追求卓越教育与素质教育:一些理论的探讨与东方的观点

追求素质是９０ 年代的世界大趋势。无论是东方还是西方，对素质都有激烈的讨论。虽然整体趋势在于强调素质的个性化、人本化、弹性化和多元化，但东西方对素质要求的侧重点有明显的区别，这些区别实际上是可以互补的     

A Style of Flexibility: Re‐cognition of the Female Self —As Exemplified in the Shuanglong Village of the Tujia Ethnic Group in Enshi

本文通过对恩施双龙村的田野研究，认为女性既不是传统所认为的无主体的“他性”存在，也不是一些学者所认为的，是多种生存策略所体现的理性主体。女性的自我首先是一种情感主体，这种情感主体具有包容性和排他性双重特征。女性自我对于社会的意义在于：女性情感主体的包容性给乡村社会的整合赋予心理与实践的基础，而女性情感主体的排他性则给突破乡村社会既有规范与习俗创造了空间。女性通过一种“柔性的风格”参与了整个社会的建构。

关键词: 他性自我情感主体柔性的风格

On the basis of the findings of our fieldwork in Shuanglong Village of the Tujia ethnic group in Enshi, Hubei, we find that woman is neither the subjectless existence of “otherness” as traditionally regarded nor the rational subject embodying multiple survival strategies as defined by some scholars. The female self is primarily an emotional subject with the dual features of inclusion and exclusion. The significance of the female self for society lies in the fact that the inclusive aspect provides a psychological and practical basis for the integration of rural society, while the exclusive aspect creates a space for breaking through this society's existing norms and customs.