Decision‐making in child welfare services: Professional discretion versus standardized templates

The article explores differences in the assessment and decision‐making processes, in child welfare services where a standardized template is implemented and in services where it is not. Child welfare services in several countries use different approaches to assess children's and families' need for intervention. In Norway, as in other European countries, there is a shortage of knowledge about decision‐making strategies. The article examines how 36 child welfare caseworkers in 6 different teams in Norway investigate, assess, and make decisions at the phase of an incoming referral. The analysed data were collected by focus group interviews. We use decision theory as a theoretical frame of reference. The analysis shows variation in the assessment procedure at different points of the process, depending on which approach was used. Despite such differences, the final decisions made were almost identical. Even though the data has its limitations because of the small number of informants, the results indicate that choice of approach is not decisive for decision‐making in the child welfare services.     

Shards of the old looking glass: restoring the significance of identity in promoting positive outcomes for looked‐after children

There is a driving force within current UK child welfare policies which promotes a strengths led approach to both assessment and care planning for children in need. Social policy emphasizes the importance of tangible outcomes such as education achievement, which have been enshrined in statute. However, other developmental outcomes, such as identity, are subordinated. Notwithstanding the relevance of these more concrete indicators, this paper suggests that this focus has left a gap at theoretical, strategic and operational levels relating to more psychosocial aspects of human growth and development, such as identity. This paper seeks to redress that gap by considering identity as both a process and an outcome. Following a review of the literature on identity development, it presents an analysis of semi‐structured interviews with 13 young people and their social workers. The findings show how young people's identity is shaped by their relationships, can be a protective mechanism, and deferred or put on standby. In the concluding discussion the implications for social work practice are highlighted.     

A governance network perspective on environmental conflicts in China: findings from the Dalian paraxylene conflict

Employing the Governance Network framework, this article presents an in-depth case study of the conflict that evolved from 2003 onwards over the construction and operation of a paraxylene plant in Dalian, China. The study explores the usefulness of this framework as an empirical tool to describe and make sense of policy processes and governance in multi-actor situations in China. The analysis shows the lack of anticipation and deliberation by Chinese governments, resulting in the buildup of citizens’ concerns, mediated by social media beyond government control. This results in an outbreak of protest followed by uncoordinated governmental responses, with high costs for all parties. It is argued that, because of the underlying institutional causes, the challenges are even greater for Chinese governments to come to grips with the increasing need for internal coordination, deal with new social media, and balance economic and environmental values.     

论《政治经济学批判大纲》中的哲学分析框架问题（续完）

从20世纪60年代开始,马克思的《政治经济学批判大纲》成为国际学术界研究和争论的焦点。研究和争论展开于三个领域：文献学、政治经济学和哲学。就哲学领域的研究历史和现状说,人们涉及到了众多论题,劳动异化说,自由时间说,社会本体论说,黑格尔哲学痕迹说等,不一而足。相对于《政治经济学批判大纲》的思想实际而言,已有研究成果的不足之处明显可见：没有在自觉意识层面提出和探讨其中的哲学分析框架问题。这里的哲学分析框架是主体、客体及二者之间的辩证关系。马克思运用这一哲学分析框架透视资本主义生产运行的三个过程：为剩余价值生产做准备的流通过程,即货币资本与劳动能力相交换;剩余价值的生产过程,即人与自然界的物质变换;剩余价值的实现过程,即商品资本与货币相交换。结果令人叹为观止,资本主义生产的政治经济学本质、阶级本质、法权本质、人学本质和社会历史本质逐一被暴露于光天化日之下。总体看,《政治经济学批判大纲》具有无可替代的马克思主义文献学价值,对于我们现有的学术研究范式提出了诸多挑战,回应这些挑战是我们的学术责任。     

Assessing Knowledge of Elder Financial Abuse: A First Step in Enhancing Prosecutions

Financial exploitation by a family member is the most common form of elder mistreatment; yet, it is a difficult crime to detect and prosecute. Psychologists have traditionally assisted prosecutors by assessing decisional capacity and opining in court whether an alleged victim was able to consent to the contested transactions. This article proposes and evaluates a novel form of psychological expertise in financial abuse trials—social framework testimony to reeducate jurors who are misinformed about aspects of this largely hidden crime. Findings suggest that, as in cases of child and spousal abuse, social framework testimony on the general dispositional and situational factors inherent in elder financial abuse may enhance prosecutions.     

帝国魅影中的英语文学

在当今的全球化语境下,帝国的魅影在文学中依然如影随形.从17世纪肇始,发展到今天作为文学创作一脉的“帝国魅影投射下的英语文学”已经几度沧桑.以帝国兴衰和演变脉络为坐标,对英语文学中的帝国牵连进行系统梳理,把握其状貌和走向,是文学中的“帝国”研究的基点.     

Pleasure-Centered Educational Program: A Comprehensive Approach to Pleasure-Oriented Sexuality Education in Domestic Violence Shelters

ABSTRACT

Women in a domestic violence shelter in Georgia were recruited to participate in a series of comprehensive, sex-positive, educational workshops. The purpose of the series was to provide a place for survivors of domestic violence to discuss positive and negative aspects of their previous sexual experiences and to offer a forum in which all aspects of sexuality, including pleasurable sexuality, could be discussed. The focus of the program was to educate women in the group on a wide array of topics from negative sexual rights (e.g., the right to be protected from or ability to protect oneself from sexually transmitted infections) to positive sexual rights (e.g., the right to experience pleasure). The program was based on previous strengths-based educational formats and tools. Positive feedback from informants included the applicability, accessibility, and engaging format of the program. Women reported that this program was informative and structured in a way that safely encouraged open discussions among participants, as well as encouraged open dialogue with their children.     

A taxonomy of gambling and casino games via social media and online technologies

The increased popularity of casino games on social media platforms has prompted international jurisdictions to consider the extent to which these games may be similar to Internet gambling activities and therefore subject to regulatory action. Gambling themes are popular in video and computer games, and simulated-gambling activities are commonly offered by gambling operators as a way of enticing users to gamble online with money. However, little research has evaluated the impact of the digital convergence of gambling and gaming. The lack of a clear definition of online gambling-themed activities to guide such research undertakings represents a significant hurdle to the fields of gambling and gaming. Based on a review of the extant literature, this article proposes a taxonomy to distinguish between many types of online activities with gambling-themed content. This taxonomy suggests that the principal features that differentiate online gambling games include the requirement for payment, the role of skill, the type of platform and the centrality of the gambling theme. The proposed hierarchical framework aims to promote clear and consistent discussion to guide ongoing investigation of new and emerging Internet gambling and gaming technologies.     

《网页设计与制作》及计算思维能力培养的框架式研究

大学计算机基础课程计算思维能力培养备受关注,《网页设计与制作》课程是大学计算机基础课程体系中的主要课程．文章分析《网页设计与刺作》课程特点及该课程目前教学过程中存在的问题,阐述计算思维能力培养的课程理念,设计与实践课程框架式教学模式,构建适合学生自主学习、有利于思维能力培养、知识与技能并重的课程ICT“网络教学资源平台”．     

基于语义知识的书逗前后语言片段的非分句识别

书逗前后语言片断的非分句识别和标注是整个"复句信息工程"中一项重要的、基础性的工作.通过利用语义和搭配知识可以集中解决一部分复句中非分句的自动识别和标注问题.