论魏徵的治国方略

魏徵是唐朝杰出的政治家和著名学者,他对初唐国力的恢复与社会政治的清明作出了贡献。唐太宗李世民与魏徵在治国大事中配合默契,相得益彰,是“贞观之治”开明盛世得以出现的重要原因。治理国家历来是政治家与关心国家大事的有识之士思考的重大问题,魏徵关于治国的许多言行已成为以后诸多有识之士的借鉴。他深刻指出,德、礼、诚、信为治国大纲,关系治国成败;居安思危,特别强调朝廷与其下属百姓关系的和谐;考察官员的实际政绩,由其政绩优劣来决定对其升降;帝王能听进逆耳忠言,大臣敢进谏逆耳忠言,均很难做到,但对治国关系重大。     

论劳动价值论在当代的四种品质--一项侧重于规范性的分析

经济全球化的历史趋势和我国正在建设的社会主义市场经济 ,是我们进行理论研究与理论创新的两大现实基础。当前 ,传统的马克思主义劳动价值论受到了理论本身、客观实际以及西方效用价值论的三维冲击。在这些冲击中 ,马克思劳动价值论所具有的科学性、时代性、兼容性和创新性是其强大生命力的源泉 ,是对劳动价值论的核心思想与外延范围进行科学整合的基础。对劳动价值论四种品质的认识将有助于马克思主义劳动价值论在当代的完善和发展     

State socialism and the welfare state: a critique of two conventional paradigms

The post–war development of industrialised nations has been led by the idea of a welfare state. On the other hand, research on current and former communist states is still dominated by an age–old notion of 'state socialism'. This article provides a critical assessment of the two conventional paradigms by reviewing their implications within the historical and international contexts. By tracing its ideological roots and contrasting with the changing reality, it is argued that state socialism was misused in representing Marxist guidelines and is outdated in characterising the reforming socialist societies. By emphasising the experience of developing nations the article further challenges the welfare state as the paradigm for studying the general direction of a modern society. Attention is drawn to the study of a general public policy, and the economic state model is revisited for conceptualising the experience of a non–welfare state nation such as China.     

台湾师范教育变革之趋势

１９９５ 年后,台湾的师资培育工作已由师范院校扩及到一般的大学院校,从而使台湾的师范院校面临着很大的冲击。为了不致于在师资培育方面失去其重要地位,台湾的师范院校都采取了应对性策略。今后,台湾师范院校将以向综合大学转型作为主要的发展趋势。     

An algorithmic approach to construct D-optimal saturated designs for logistic model

In this paper, locally D-optimal saturated designs for a logistic model with one and two continuous input variables have been constructed by modifying the famous Fedorov exchange algorithm. A saturated design not only ensures the minimum number of runs in the design but also simplifies the row exchange computation. The basic idea is to exchange a design point with a point from the design space. The algorithm performs the best row exchange between design points and points form a candidate set representing the design space. Naturally, the resultant designs depend on the candidate set. For gain in precision, intuitively a candidate set with a larger number of points and the low discrepancy is desirable, but it increases the computational cost. Apart from the modification in row exchange computation, we propose implementing the algorithm in two stages. Initially, construct a design with a candidate set of affordable size and then later generate a new candidate set around the points of design searched in the former stage. In order to validate the optimality of constructed designs, we have used the general equivalence theorem. Algorithms for the construction of optimal designs have been implemented by developing suitable codes in R.     

Joint Modelling of Survival and Longitudinal Data with Informative Observation Times

In this paper, we consider the joint modelling of survival and longitudinal data with informative observation time points. The survival model and the longitudinal model are linked via random effects, for which no distribution assumption is required under our estimation approach. The estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. The proposed estimator and its estimated covariance matrix can be easily calculated. Simulation studies and an application to a primary biliary cirrhosis study are also provided.     

A class of partially linear transformation models for recurrent gap times

In this article, we propose a general class of partially linear transformation models for recurrent gap time data, which extends the linear transformation models by incorporating non linear covariate effects and includes the partially linear proportional hazards and the partially linear proportional odds models as special cases. Both global and local estimating equations are developed to estimate the parametric and non parametric covariate effects, and the asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators are established. The finite-sample behavior of the proposed estimators is evaluated through simulation studies, and an application to a clinic study on chronic granulomatous disease is provided.     

Shannon Information In k-records

In this article, we present results on the Shannon information (SI) contained in upper(lower) k-record values and associated k-record times. We then establish an interesting relationship between the SI content of a random sample of fixed size, and the SI in the data consisting of sequential maxima. We also consider the information contained in the k-record data from an inverse sampling plan (ISP).     

Tail Behavior and Limit Distribution of Maximum of Logarithmic General Error Distribution

Logarithmic general error distribution, an extension of the log-normal distribution, is proposed. Some interesting properties of the log GED are derived. These properties are applied to establish the asymptotic behavior of the ratio of probability densities and the ratio of the tails of the logarithmic general error and log-normal distributions, and to derive the asymptotic distribution of the partial maximum of an independent and identically distributed sequence obeying the log GED.     

Semiparametric Likelihood Based Method for Goodness of Fit Tests and Estimation in Upgraded Mixture Models

We use Owen's (1988, 1990) empirical likelihood method in upgraded mixture models. Two groups of independent observations are available. One is z ₁, ..., z _n which is observed directly from a distribution F ( z ). The other one is x ₁, ..., x _m which is observed indirectly from F ( z ), where the x _i s have density ∫ p ( x | z ) dF ( z ) and p ( x | z ) is a conditional density function. We are interested in testing H ₀: p ( x | z ) = p ( x | z ; θ ), for some specified smooth density function. A semiparametric likelihood ratio based statistic is proposed and it is shown that it converges to a chi-squared distribution. This is a simple method for doing goodness of fit tests, especially when x is a discrete variable with finitely many values. In addition, we discuss estimation of θ and F ( z ) when H ₀ is true. The connection between upgraded mixture models and general estimating equations is pointed out.