基于遗传算法的扩展Nelson-Siegel模型及实证研究

将遗传算法引入扩展Nelson-Siegel模型估计中,并将其用于国债收益率曲线的估计。实证分析表明,基于遗传算法的扩展Nelson-Siegel模型在收益率曲线拟合和估计方面明显优于基于三次样条插值的息票剥离法及基于非线性回归的扩展Nelson-Siegel模型。基于此,利用基于遗传算法的扩展Nelson-Siegel模型对所选取的三个样本交易日的收益率曲线进行估计和分析,发现金融危机中后期的收益率曲线较金融危机初期的收益率曲线有了显著变化,主要表现在收益率曲线整体水平下降,但不同部分下降的幅度不同,并且收益率曲线的斜率和曲度均明显增大。以上变化主要是金融危机背景下货币政策调整以及市场信心变化共同作用的结果。     

A behavior genetic analysis of the tendency for youth to associate according to GPA

Behavior genetic research has revealed that many “environmental” variables are partially influenced by genetic factors. Known as gene–environment correlation (rGE), this line of scholarship provides insight on how and why individuals select into certain environments. Juxtaposing this body of evidence with research on peer group homophily—the tendency for peers to resemble one another on certain traits such as academic ability—raised two research hypotheses: (1) youth will associate with peers who receive grades similar to themselves (i.e., homophily for GPA); and (2) a portion of the variance in peer group GPA (i.e., the peer network average GPA) will be explained by individuals’ genetic self-selection into the peer group (rGE). The results supported both hypotheses by showing a strong predictive relationship between the target individual's GPA and that of his/her peers and by revealing that 72% of the variance in peer group GPA was explained by genetic influences.     

遗传资源信息权:遗传资源知识产权战略的基本权利

为了有效保护遗传资源,有必要创设一种新型权利。根据遗传资源的内在属性,将此种新型权利称为"遗传资源信息权"。遗传资源信息权是一种不具有明显创造性的新型权利,具有无形性、地域性、强复制性等特征。权利创设必然涉及利益分配,有关遗传资源的权利设计应当实现土著社区与现代生物技术公司、发展中国家与发达国家的公平利益分享。综合考虑中国国情及法律传统,结合遗传资源信息权的权利内容,建议遗传资源信息权的设计采用国家主导下的集体所有模式。     

Moral Schemas in Articulation and Intuition: How Religious People Evaluate Human Reproductive Genetic Technologies

As new and more effective human reproductive genetic technologies (RGTs) rapidly develop, religious voices remain an important part of public discussion about the moral standing of such technologies. Here, we compare how individuals from different religious traditions evaluate disease RGTs (detecting genetic diseases in vitro) when compared to enhancement RGTs, allowing parents to select features of a child. Findings are gleaned from analysis of 270 interviews with individuals from 23 Christian, Muslim, and Jewish religious organizations, with supporting data from a national survey of more than 10,000 Americans. We find that respondents engage in clearly defined discursive moral reasoning to evaluate the propriety of disease RGTs while moral intuitions manifest themselves in responses to enhancement RGTs. We argue that schemas provide resources for moral discourses while also shaping moral intuitions expressed through emotions. Our results have implications for how religious people respond to new technologies when their institutional and denominational structures do not have readily discernable moral frameworks to guide responses.     

Genetic variants in 5p13.2 and 7q21.1 are associated with treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia with the α-adrenergic receptor antagonist

Background: The etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has not been well established. The preferred medical treatment for many men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia is either an α-adrenergic receptor antagonist (α-blocker), or a 5α-reductase inhibitor. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a powerful tool for successful implementation of individualized treatment.

Methods: Eighteen SNPs associated with drug efficacy in a Chinese population were genotyped in 790 BPH cases (330 aggressive and 460 non-aggressive BPH cases) and 1008 controls. All BPH patients were treated with α-adrenergic blockers for at least 9 months. We tested the associations between tagging single nucleotide polymorphism and BPH risk/aggressiveness, clinical characteristics at baseline, including the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and total prostate volume, and changes in clinical characteristics after treatment.

Results: There were nine SNPs associated with BPH risk, clinical progression and therapeutic effect. (1) There were nine tSNPs been chosen in CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and RANBP3L genes. (2) The SNP, rs16902947 in RANBP3L at 5p13.2 (p?=?.01), was significantly associated with BPH. (3) We found two SNPs, rs16902947 in RANBP3L at 5p13.2 (p?=?.0388) and rs4646437 in CYP3A4 at 7q21.1 (p?=?.0325), associated with drug effect. (4) Allele “G” for rs16902947 was found to be risk alleles for BPH risk (OR=?2.357, 95%CI 1.01–1.48). The “A” allele of rs4646437 was associated with lower IPSS at baseline (β=??0.4232, p=?.03255).

Conclusions: rs16902947, rs16902947 and rs4646437 single nucleotide polymorphisms are significantly associated with the clinical characteristics of benign prostatic hyperplasia and the efficacy of benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment.     

Empirical likelihood-based robust tests for genetic association analysis with quantitative traits

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are effective in investigating the loci related with complex diseases. For most of these studies, the genetic inheritance model is not known in advance and therefore robust tests are preferred. Empirical likelihood (EL) method is well known for its flexibility and nonparametric properties, but is rarely investigated in GWAS. In this study, we develop EL-based test statistics to detect the association of a disease and genetic loci while the genetic model is unknown. The performance of proposed tests is evaluated by simulations and compared with several existing methods. For illustration, we apply these tests to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with alkaline phosphatase level on mouse chromosome 6.     

基于禁忌搜索的启发式求解背包问题算法

设计了一种基于禁忌搜索的遗传算法,利用遗传算法提供的并行搜索主框架,结合禁忌算法的个体串行搜索方式,能扩大搜索空间,快速实现全局优化。把基于禁忌搜索的遗传算法与启发式方法相结合用来求解背包问题,经过计算机仿真,其优化性能指标及搜索效率均有大幅度的提高。     

ML語言的数据类型和抽象类型的同式多型

本文阐明ML核心语言中的类型(缩写)、数据类型及抽象类型三者的同式多型(polymorphism)所赖以作依据的理论和实现问题。     

遗传算法在项目融资(BOT)中的应用研究

介绍了项目融资的概念,分析了项目融资经济分析的一般程序及存在的问题,提出了利用改进遗传算法解决问题的思路,并通过实例说明了该方法是有效的,为项目融资经济分析提供了一条新的途径。     

基于粗集规则编码的神经网络控制器设计

利用通过粗糙集产生的控制规则对神经子网络进行编码,用遗传算法独立进化每一个子网络,把进化后的子网络用改进的遗传算法通过适当连接形成最后的神经网络。利用该神经网络进行在线控制,并和PID控制效果相比较,证明了其有效性。