略论音乐能力禀赋与环境的统一

音乐能力禀赋有两个方面的因素 :生物的因素和社会的因素 ,二者统一于人类个体。而具有决定作用的 ,主要靠后天环境的影响     

甘肃省汉、藏族ApoB位点遗传多态性的初步研究

用Amp-FLP分析技术对110份甘肃省汉族、93份藏族ApoB位点的等位基因进行多态性分析,建立了2个民族正常群体ApoB位点基因的遗传学参数,分析了他们在等位基因分布上的差异,并比较了他们与成都汉族之间在等位基因的数目和频率分布上的差异性.结果表明甘肃汉族与成都汉、藏族之间以及藏族与成都汉族之间都存在着显著性差异(P<0.01),支持了将现代中国人分为北部类型、南部类型和藏彝走廊类型的观点.     

自动化立体仓库中货位实时分配优化问题研究

本文研究了单元货格式自动化立体仓库中的货位实时分配问题。该问题可分为两方面：为入库分配空货位和为出库选择货位。在考虑了堆垛机的加减速对其运行速度的影响后,以堆垛机将要进行的所有操作的行程时间之和作为优化目标,通过调整堆垛机的后续操作的行程时间在总行程时间中的权重,依次构建了三个优化目标函数。然后利用结合了模拟退火方法的遗传算法对其进行了求解,并利用了多种技术提高算法的效率。最后利用仿真技术,通过改变仿真时系统中的货物类型总数、堆垛机的停留策略和装载能力,对该算法在不同情况下的效果进行了验证。仿真结果表明在不同情况下,该算法都可不同程度地减少堆垛机的平均行程时间。     

Mild Intellectual Disability Associated with a Progeny of Father-Daughter Incest: Genetic and Environmental Considerations

We report the case of a 34-year-old female resulting from a father-daughter sexual abuse and presenting a phenotype of mild intellectual disability with minor dysmorphic features. Karyotyping showed a normal 46, XX constitution. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) revealed a heterozygote 320kb 6p22.3 microdeletion in the proband, encompassing only one known gene, and therefore unlikely to be the cause of the phenotype. However, the role of other genetic factors, such as a recessive condition, could not be ruled out as a putative cause for the phenotype. On the other hand, the role played by a heavily detrimental familial situation on the development and outcome, and possibly leading or contributing to a mild intellectual disability, should be taken into account.     

基于生产物流瓶颈的生产排程研究

针对作业调度问题,以生产交货拖期时间和完成时间最小作为优化目标,根据生产物流瓶颈的定义,以作业车间为研究对象,辨识其瓶颈。在辨识过程中以设备利用率最大为生产物流瓶颈定义,同时在采用工艺路径和工序分割的方法基础上,提出基于生产物流瓶颈的调度算法,对生产系统进行排程。最后通过实例,验证了基于生产物流瓶颈的调度算法在求解生产排程问题中的有效性。     

Relationship between vitamin D receptor BsmI and FokI polymorphisms and anthropometric and biochemical parameters describing metabolic syndrome

Introduction.?It was found that vitamin D may have a direct effect on adipocyte differentiation and metabolism and might be involved in the glucose regulation of insulin secretion, as suggested from the discovery of a nuclear localization of 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ in pancreatic islets. In recent years, several polymorphisms in the VDR gene which are able to alter the activity of VDR protein have been described. The BsmI and FokI polymorphisms were described in relation to obesity and type 2 diabetes.

The aim of the study was to find whether there are associations between BsmI and FokI polymorphisms and anthropometric (BMI, WHR, BP) and biochemical parameters describing metabolic syndrome.

Materials and methods.?Studied were 176 randomly selected men aged 25–65 years (mean: 51.99 years) with a mean BMI of 28.06 kg/m². Two polymorphisms of the VDR gene (FokI and BsmI) were explored using the PCR-RFLP method. Serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG were measured using commercially available kits.

Results.?It was found that BB carriers tend to have higher BMI (29.00 ± 3.74 versus 26.81 ± 3.76, p = 0.024) and waist circumference (101.79 ± 10.59 versus 96.23 ± 10.35, p = 0.014) compared with the bb genotypes. Similarly, FF and Ff carriers had higher fasting insulin levels than the ff genotypes (12.30 ± 10.26 versus 9.76 ± 5.88, p = 0.001 and 9.76 ± 5.88 vs. 6.35 ± 2.64, p = 0.008), and lover cHDL levels in comparison to ff genotypes (52.28 ± 10.02 versus 60.63 ± 16.58, p = 0.015 and 53.70 ± 12.03 versus 60.63 ± 16.58, p = 0.032. Besides these, no significant differences were found.

Conclusions.?The BsmI VDR polymorphism seems to influence BMI, while the FokI VDR polymorphism appears to affect insulin sensitivity and serum cHDL level.     

“Is This Something You Want?”: Genetic Counselors’ Accounts of Their Role in Prenatal Decision Making

With the widespread availability of prenatal genetic diagnosis, bioethical concerns have emerged about why women make use of these technologies, and the potential eugenic implications. Research on women's experience with genetic screening often suggests that genetic counselors encourage women to undergo prenatal testing and to terminate pregnancies with abnormalities. Yet, this key professional remains relatively understudied. To fill this lacuna, this article examines genetic counselors’ accounts of their role in the decision‐making process, drawing on 26 qualitative interviews with master's‐trained genetic counselors and illustrative observations of a prenatal counselor. In the context of debates about reproductive politics and genomic medicine, I identify the ways in which genetic counselors view their work and position themselves. I find that contrary to assumptions, genetic counselors provide accounts of being just as likely to discourage as to encourage invasive testing, and persuade against instead of promote termination of affected pregnancies. These findings suggest that genetic counselors may play a more nuanced and less coercive role than their critics contend, challenge assumptions about genetic counselors’ roles in prenatal genetic testing uptake and abortion, and shed light on how this specific professional may curb rather than promote eugenic tendencies feared with the normalization of prenatal screening.     

我国遗传资源公权保护之法理探究与制度构建

遗传资源之资源本位性及公共属性决定了遗传资源公权保护之必要性和可行性。公权以公共利益为价值取向,契合了保护遗传资源的公共利益诉求,能够为实现遗传资源保护与研发利用之间的良性循环提供强有力的支持。因此,立足于公权保护的视角,加强遗传资源数据库建设、确立以自然保护区为依托的生物物种多样性保护机制以及完善防范遗传资源流失制度,成为我们解决当前我国遗传资源保护的现实困境的必然选择。     

基于遗传算法和TRIZ的产品服务系统优化设计方法

针对产品服务系统方案优化设计问题,分析了系统方案设计过程中主要影响因素,基于遗传算法和TRIZ理论提 出了产品服务系统方案优化设计方法。该方法可以优化产品服务系统的方案设计,并通过理想化程度值定量判定最优 方案设计。以污水处理设备为例,应用该方法获取产品服务系统最优的方案设计,并与其它方案进行对比,验证了该方 法的有效性。实际应用证明该方法不仅可以对产品服务系统方案设计的理想化程度进行定量的判定,还可以实现对系 统方案设计的全局最优搜索。     

矩形件排样的流程和算法设计

针对人工矩形件排样效率低、耗时长,且不能保证得到板材利用率为最优方案的问题,通过研究人工矩形件排样 的过程,提出了一种下料系统流程和矩形件排样的启发式与遗传相结合的算法。研究结果表明：所设计的下料系统流程 能够充分利用原材料库和余料库,且避免生成更多的余料;通过文中设计的启发式和遗传相结合的矩形件排样算法,能 够快速搜索出近似总体最优的排样方案。该设计方案能够提高板材利用率,同时减少更多余料的产生。