Spatio‐temporal Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Processes: Theory,Simulation and Statistical Inference

Spatio‐temporal modelling is an increasingly popular topic in Statistics. Our paper contributes to this line of research by developing the theory, simulation and inference for a spatio‐temporal Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. We conduct detailed simulation studies and demonstrate the practical relevance of these processes in an empirical study of radiation anomaly data. Finally, we describe how predictions can be carried out in the Gaussian setting.     

Comparison of preliminary test estimators based on generalized order statistics from proportional hazard family using Pitman measure of closeness

In this article, based on generalized order statistics from a family of proportional hazard rate model, we use a statistical test to generate a class of preliminary test estimators and shrinkage preliminary test estimators for the proportionality parameter. These estimators are compared under Pitman measure of closeness (PMC) as well as MSE criteria. Although the PMC suffers from non transitivity, in the first class of estimators, it has the transitivity property and we obtain the Pitman-closest estimator. Analytical and graphical methods are used to show the range of parameter in which preliminary test and shrinkage preliminary test estimators perform better than their competitor estimators. Results reveal that when the prior information is not too far from its real value, the proposed estimators are superior based on both mentioned criteria.     

Bivariate extension of (dynamic) cumulative past entropy

Recently, the concept of cumulative residual entropy (CRE) has been studied by many researchers in higher dimensions. In this article, we extend the definition of (dynamic) cumulative past entropy (DCPE), a dual measure of (dynamic) CRE, to bivariate setup and obtain some of its properties including bounds. We also look into the problem of extending DCPE for conditionally specified models. Several properties, including monotonicity, and bounds of DCPE are obtained for conditional distributions. It is shown that the proposed measure uniquely determines the distribution function. Moreover, we also propose a stochastic order based on this measure.     

Generalized Kerridge’s inaccuracy measure for conditionally specified models

Recently, conditional Renyi’s divergence of order α and Kerridge’s inaccuracy measures are studied by Navarro et al. (2014 Navarro, J., Sunoj, S.M., Linu, M.N. (2014). Characterizations of bivariate models using some dynamic conditional information divergence measures. Commun. Stat. Theory Methods 43:1939–1948.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). In the present article, a generalized dynamic conditional Kerridge’s inaccuracy measure is introduced, which can be represented as the sum of conditional Renyi’s divergence and Renyi’s entropy. Some useful bounds are obtained using the concept of likelihood ratio order. The results are extended to weighted distributions. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the monotonicity of the proposed measure. Characterizations for bivariate exponential conditional distribution are presented based on the proposed measure.     

不对称信息下风险投资家与风险企业家之间的委托代理问题研究

风险投资体系以多重激励和不对称信息为特征,风险投资的三方利益主体之间存在着双重委托-代理关系,有效控制代理风险是风险投资高效运作的基本前提。本文基于信息经济学原理,分析了风险投资家与风险企业家之间代理风险的成因,并从委托人的角度讨论了风险治理的原则和投资契约的构造。     

政策性农业保险中投保农户道德风险的博弈分析

政策性农业保险是政府支持农业生产、稳定农户收入、促进农村可持续发展的农业支持保护体系的重要组成部分,近几年逐渐在全国各省市进行试点实施。农业保险市场上的信息不对称易引起逆向选择和道德风险问题,严重影响政策性农业保险市场的健康发展,制约农业保险作用的发挥。因此,有必要对政策性农业保险中投保农户的道德风险问题进行分析,以降低道德风险的发生,促进政策性农业保险的发展。     

Faking it: Personality and individual difference predictors of willingness to buy counterfeit goods

Counterfeiting is now widely regarded as a serious social, economic, and political issue. This study examined demographic, personality, and individual difference predictors of willingness to buy counterfeit goods (WBCG) in a community sample of British adults. Two-hundred and thirty-seven participants completed a questionnaire that assessed their willingness to buy 19 types of counterfeit goods, attitudes towards counterfeiting, material values, Big Five personality traits, and demographics. Structural equation modelling showed that attitudes towards counterfeiting were the strongest predictors of WBCG. In addition, material values predicted both WBCG directly and indirectly through attitudes towards counterfeiting. Older participants showed lower WBCG, although this effect was moderated by participants’ conscientiousness, material values, and attitudes towards counterfeiting. There were no sex differences in WBCG once participants’ age and conscientiousness had been taken into account. These results are discussed in relation to the extant literature on the profiles of consumers who buy counterfeit products.     

防灾减灾建设在我国可持续发展战略中的地位和作用

可持续发展是人类21世纪的主题.防灾减灾建设是实现我国经济可持续发展战略和缩小东部与西部经济发展差距的重要举措之一.本文分析了我国东西部经济发展差距的自然因素,论述了防灾减灾建设在我国经济可持续发展战略中的地位和作用,以确保实现资源、环境与区域经济可持续发展的战略目标.     

数学教学改革与大学生创新能力培养

培养大学生的创新意识,提高大学生的创新能力是高等教育的日标。本文主要从课程设置改革、课堂教学改革以及数学建模三个方面对学生创新能力的培养进行探讨。