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111.
《马克思的幽灵》是法国哲学家德里达政治哲学论著中一部最深刻最具影响力的著作,其核心论题是"马克思主义向何处去"的问题。德里达通过他的解构主义手法,一方面深刻批判了西方资本主义一味高赞的世界"同一性"自由主义制度的观点,同时也揭示了马克思主义批判精神的永恒价值和不可或缺性,呼吁人类社会应该存在"多样性"。德里达的这种解构主义可以说是对马克思主义解构后的新的后马克思主义。  相似文献   
112.
首次采用上层梯队的理论视角研究了中国上市公司海外股权并购份额的影响因素,并且引入了企业所有制的调节变量。基于中国沪深两市上市公司2001~2010年的108项海外股权并购的样本,本文的实证结果表明,中国上市公司高管团队的任期、职务、性别和年龄异质性与海外股权并购份额没有显著的相关关系;民营企业所有制能够负向调节任期和职务异质性的影响,正向调节年龄异质性的影响。不同企业的最高决策者和政府的政策制定者应该根据需要调整和影响企业高管团队的构成,从而促进海外并购决策。  相似文献   
113.
The sequential logit model of educational transitions has long been the dominant modeling framework for the study of inequality of educational opportunity ever since the seminal works of [Mare, 1980] and [Mare, 1981]. But conventional applications of the model are known to be biased by the ubiquitous presence of unobserved heterogeneity. Cameron and Heckman (1998) propose a logit model that allows for two or three latent classes if the selection bias is solely generated by a person-specific component of stable unobserved heterogeneity. To evaluate the latent class logit regression estimator, this study makes use of simulated data to eliminate the influences of other problems of transition modeling. The simulation is based on five independent pairs of large samples generated from standard distributional assumptions of transition modeling. The new estimator appears to be an effective way to adjust for dynamic selection bias when family background effects are transition-invariant and sample size is in the order of ten thousand or above. By contrast, the conventional sequential logit model produces results that are very different from the data generating models. This study also considers two alternative ways to improve statistical efficiency: (1) incorporate a crude indicator of stable unobserved heterogeneity; (2) pool the effect estimates across transitions, background variables, and alternative estimators to smooth out noise under the null hypothesis of transition invariance. In addition, this study examines the impact of indicator reliability and sample size on the performance of the latent class regression models and suggests practical guidelines.  相似文献   
114.
Analysts have regarded education transitions research as revealing late stage educational egalitarianism in the United States (e.g., Stolzenberg, 1994) and as sufficiently robust to guide policymakers (e.g., Hout, 2007). However, critics suggest parameter estimates are contaminated by selection bias (e.g., De Graaf & Ganzeboom, 1993), key parameter differences are unidentified (e.g., Cameron & Heckman, 1998), cross-transition comparisons are faulty, and the data are inappropriate. Useful modifications have been offered, (e.g., [Breen and Jonsson, 2000], [Hauser and Andrew, 2006] and [Lucas, 2001]), but analysts have yet to comprehensively address the challenges critics pose. In response, we propose a neo-classical education transitions approach that uses fuller sets of data and models that explicitly address the primary threats to proper inference. Using this approach we re-assess the educational attainment process for a baby boomer cohort, a Generation X cohort, and a Generation Y cohort. All cohorts fail to replicate the waning coefficients pattern. Methodologically, the study responds to criticisms in a way that offers methods for continued cross-national comparative research. Substantively, the study undermines confidence that standard education transitions research can provide policy guidance and the claim of late stage egalitarianism in the United States educational attainment process.  相似文献   
115.
In this paper, we develop and structurally estimate a sequential model of high school attendance and work decisions. The model's estimates imply that youths who drop out of high school have different traits than those who graduate—they have lower school ability and/or motivation, they have lower expectations about the rewards from graduation, they have a comparative advantage at jobs that are done by nongraduates, and they place a higher value on leisure and have a lower consumption value of school attendance. We also found that working while in school reduces school performance. However, policy experiments based on the model's estimates indicate that even the most restrictive prohibition on working while attending high school would have only a limited impact on the high school graduation rates of white males.  相似文献   
116.
This paper investigates trends, patterns and determinants of intermarriage (and partnership) comparing patterns among men and women and among different ethnic groups in Britain. We distinguish between endogamous (co‐ethnic), majority/minority and minority/minority marriages. Hypotheses are derived from the theoretical literatures on assimilation, segmented assimilation and opportunity structures. The empirical analysis is based on the 1988–2006 General Household Surveys (N = 115,494). Consistent with assimilation theory we find that, for all ethnic minority groups, the propensity to intermarry is higher in the second generation than in the first. Consistent with ideas drawn from segmented assimilation theory, we also find that substantial differences in propensity to form majority/minority marriages persist after controls for individual characteristics such as age, educational level, generation and length of residence in Britain, with men and women of Indian, Pakistani or Bangladeshi background having higher propensities to form endogamous partnerships. However, we also find that opportunity structures affect intermarriage propensities for all groups alike, with individuals in more diverse residential areas (as measured by the ratio of majority to minority residents in the area) having higher likelihood to form majority/minority partnerships. We conclude then that, beginning from very different starting points, all groups, both minority and the majority groups exhibit common patterns of generational change and response to opportunity structures. Even the groups that are believed to have the strongest community structures and the strongest norms supporting endogamy appear to be experiencing increasing exogamy in the second generation and in more diverse residential settings. This suggests that a weak rather than a strong version of segmented assimilation provides the best account of British patterns.  相似文献   
117.
This paper utilizes the pooled mean group model to explore the dynamic effects of revenue diversification on the operational risks and profitability of banks. The sample consisted of unbalanced panel data of 25 listed Taiwanese banks for the period from 1998 to 2013. The results reveal a divergence in the long- and short-run effects of revenue diversification on credit risk by the banks, and the benefits of diversification on two other operational risks and profitability are deferred. This paper provides dynamic evidence of diversification, which has been typically evaluated in previous studies, to release the aggregate effect and to explain the ambiguity in the results in the current literature.  相似文献   
118.
通过构建异质主体经济跨期模型, 从技术分析的角度研究了主体异质性对市场理性预期均衡的影响,进而发现了异质主体经济下的市场价格稳定条件由技术分析者对历史价格的敏感程度、技术分析者所占市场份额以及无风险利率三者共同所决定.研究表明, 若分析策略不能严格地满足所给出的特定条件, 则技术分析会长期影响价格水平及波动性.此外, 价格序列的发散表征了市场泡沫的产生, 而造成价格发散的部分原因是由于理性投资者与技术分析者异质性较高, 技术分析者对历史信息过度敏感.针对此类泡沫,小幅度提升无风险利率并不能起到有效的抑制作用.  相似文献   
119.
多人从经验中学习时,常常出现由于不同个体掌握的信息和分析方法不同,而导致的学习效率低的现象。基于时空理论,本文分析了多人从经验中学习时的信息异质性和分析方法异质性,并构建了信息结构异质性和信息内容异质性的桥梁结构,以及分析方法集。本文还对导致信息和分析方法错误的因素和对应的解决方法进行了阐述。进一步地,本文构建了基于信息和分析方法的异质性视角的多人从经验中学习过程机制模型,认为在可用的资源的制约下,多人可以通过“清洗”和“清除”信息和分析方法来提高信息真实性和分析方法可用性,通过“寻找”提高信息和分析方法的完整性,以达到学习目标的具体要求,从而提升学习效率,并列举了一些实践工具。本文从信息和分析方法的异质性视角出发,对多人从经验中学习时可能遇到的问题和解决方法进行探索,为提升学习效率提供理论依据和实践建议。  相似文献   
120.
Recent findings indicate that more pronounced community heterogeneity is associated with lower levels of social capital. These studies, however, concentrate on specific aspects in which people differ (such as income inequality or ethnic diversity). In the present paper, we introduce the number of parties in the local party system as a more encompassing measure of community heterogeneity. This builds on the argument that the number of relevant socio-economic cleavages in the population (i.e. heterogeneity) determines the level of party system fragmentation. Using data on 307 Flemish municipalities, we find that municipalities with a more heterogeneous population indeed have lower levels of social capital. Hence, our study endorses—and generalizes—previous results linking community heterogeneity to lower levels of social capital.
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