摄影中的“新纪实”与“超现实”话语——以塞巴斯提奥·萨尔加多和杰瑞·尤斯曼为例

摄影是“自然之笔”与现实相对应。塞巴斯提奥·萨尔加多用镜头记录了真实的社会生活,其作品所表现的个体与群像在纪实品格外凸显出强烈的视觉美感和深刻性,形成了“新纪实摄影”风格;而杰瑞·尤斯曼的“超现实摄影”与前者相异,他用纯熟的后期暗房合成技术,通过底片叠加创造出现实中不存在的幻景,在具体与抽象之间拓展了作品的精神内涵和时空维度。文章以两位摄影大师为例,从三个维度来比较“新纪实摄影”与“超现实主义摄影”：“标记符”与“象似符”;“视觉寓言”;审美欲求。     

An Empirical Process View of Inverse Regression

A common approach taken in high‐dimensional regression analysis is sliced inverse regression, which separates the range of the response variable into non‐overlapping regions, called ‘slices’. Asymptotic results are usually shown assuming that the slices are fixed, while in practice, estimators are computed with random slices containing the same number of observations. Based on empirical process theory, we present a unified theoretical framework to study these techniques, and revisit popular inverse regression estimators. Furthermore, we introduce a bootstrap methodology that reproduces the laws of Cramér–von Mises test statistics of interest to model dimension, effects of specified covariates and whether or not a sliced inverse regression estimator is appropriate. Finally, we investigate the accuracy of different bootstrap procedures by means of simulations.     

Functional Partial Linear Single‐index Model

This paper deals with the problem of predicting the real‐valued response variable using explanatory variables containing both multivariate random variable and random curve. The proposed functional partial linear single‐index model treats the multivariate random variable as linear part and the random curve as functional single‐index part, respectively. To estimate the non‐parametric link function, the functional single‐index and the parameters in the linear part, a two‐stage estimation procedure is proposed. Compared with existing semi‐parametric methods, the proposed approach requires no initial estimation and iteration. Asymptotical properties are established for both the parameters in the linear part and the functional single‐index. The convergence rate for the non‐parametric link function is also given. In addition, asymptotical normality of the error variance is obtained that facilitates the construction of confidence region and hypothesis testing for the unknown parameter. Numerical experiments including simulation studies and a real‐data analysis are conducted to evaluate the empirical performance of the proposed method.     

互联网驱动产业结构高级化效应分析

经济新常态下,互联网已经成为中国经济转型升级的重要引擎。基于中国2003—2013年30个省市(区)的省级面板数据,实证分析互联网发展对中国产业结构高级化影响效应。研究结果表明:在静态上,互联网发展对产业结构升级具有显著的正向影响;互联网发展对产业结构高级化的溢出效应表现出地区差异;产业结构高级化受其前一期的显著影响,表明产业结构高级化进程具有显著的惯性。     

论“公海”定义的分歧及我国的应对策略

《联合国海洋法公约》并未对“公海”下一个明确的定义,这导致了“公海”定义的分歧.美国一直认为领海之外即公海,专属经济区属于公海的一部分.而我国的的立法意图是将专属经济区视为独立于公海的一个特殊海域,但这一理解未必能够得到条约法和习惯法上的支持.我国应在国内立法和双边条约中规定公海的定义,从国家实践和法律确信方面强化公海不包括专属经济区这一意图.     

马克思主体性概念的两个维度

在近代西方哲学的“认识论中心主义”主导倾向的影响下,人们习惯于从认识论维度出发去阐释马克思的主体性概念,从而忽略了马克思主体性概念的本体论维度。本文认为,马克思的主体性概念有两个维度,即本体论维度和认识论维度。其中本体论维度是始源性的,而这两个维度统一在实践的基础上。重新研究马克思的主体性概念具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

九叶派诗歌陌生化的多重维度

"陌生化"是一种对日常语言加工、变形、扭曲的艺术手法。九叶诗派诗歌中的"陌生化"手段,重新构造了对对象的感觉,扩大了读者认知诗歌的难度和广度,不断给读者以新鲜感觉。文章从诗歌的话语、形象和意蕴三个维度研究九叶派诗歌内含的"陌生化"。     

Bayesian inference for stable Lévy–driven stochastic differential equations with high‐frequency data

In this paper, we consider parametric Bayesian inference for stochastic differential equations driven by a pure‐jump stable Lévy process, which is observed at high frequency. In most cases of practical interest, the likelihood function is not available; hence, we use a quasi‐likelihood and place an associated prior on the unknown parameters. It is shown under regularity conditions that there is a Bernstein–von Mises theorem associated to the posterior. We then develop a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for Bayesian inference, and assisted with theoretical results, we show how to scale Metropolis–Hastings proposals when the frequency of the data grows, in order to prevent the acceptance ratio from going to zero in the large data limit. Our algorithm is presented on numerical examples that help verify our theoretical findings.     

The Complexity of Families Involved in High-Conflict Disputes: A Postseparation Ecological Transactional Framework

The use of the term ‘high conflict’ to describe a wide range of family dynamics after separation and divorce has increased significantly over the years. At the moment, no consensus on the definition of high conflict exists. Lack of definitional clarity hinders the ability for legal and mental health professionals to assess, identify, and effectively intervene with this population. Based on a rapid evidence assessment of 65 empirically based social science studies relevant to high conflict, this article positions high-conflict separation and divorce using an ecological transactional model to better understand risk factors and indicators associated with these families. Authors propose a more comprehensive definition that captures the complexity and interactions of various risk factors and indicators on multiple levels. Positioning high-conflict families using an ecological model identifies several points of intervention professionals can use and the fundamental need for collaboration among stakeholders for effective intervention.     

基于Hawkes因子模型的股价共同跳跃研究

本文首先比较了三种目前主流的共跳检验方法：基于LM检验的共跳检验、BLT共跳检验和FHLL共跳检验,结果表明,三种方法在识别共跳数量上差距明显,但三者结果的重合部分基本属于市场暴涨暴跌行情,说明共跳识别对市场剧烈波动的聚集性较为敏感。基于跳跃、共跳存在的聚集性问题,本文将Hawkes过程引入跳跃和共跳的研究,构建了基于Hawkes过程的因子模型,结果显示,基于Hawkes因子模型的MJ统计量、CJ统计量和实证数据的拟合程度较好,表明因子模型能够更好地描述跳跃和共跳的聚集性。