外部经济、企业分工与产业集聚

从资源共享、专业化生产、交易成本的节约、创新利益四个方面分析了产业集聚的经济动因;采用超边际分析方法建立了企业分工模型,并在此基础上推演出产业集群的自组织演化模型。认为外部经济是产业集聚的经济动因,企业分工协作关系的产生和深化则是产业集群形成和发展的关键。     

Family structure and child outcomes in the USA and Sweden

Previous research shows that living in a non-intact family is associated with educational disadvantages. This paper compares the relationships between childhood family structure, schooling, and earnings in Sweden and the USA. This comparison is interesting because both family structure and public policies differ significantly. We find a negative relationship between living in a non-intact family and child outcomes, and the estimates are remarkably similar in both countries. After using sibling-difference models, the correlation with family structure is no longer significant. These results cast doubt on the causal interpretation of the negative relationship between non-intact family structures and child outcomes.     

资源型工矿业城市的再就业问题——以唐山市为例

资源型工矿业城市的再就业问题与其他城市相比具有特殊性和解决的紧迫性与困难性。本文以唐山市为例 ,在分析资源型工矿业城市再就业的困境及形成原因的基础上 ,探讨了这类城市再就业难题的解困思路     

知识经济与人口发展

知识经济将是经济发展的主流 ,它要求社会对科技有巨大的投入 ,而这种投入对经济和社会有更大的回馈 ;知识产业将成为经济结构中的主导产业 ;知识经济以知识价值为核心 ;在知识经济时代世界经济将形成全球化的新格局 ,并对传统产业进行技术改造。知识经济时代对人口数量的制约因素将主要是环境的和空间的适度 ;对提高人口素质的要求更为迫切 ;人口的经济结构将发生重要变化 ,知识工人将成为社会的主导力量 ;人口分布与迁移也将出现集中化分散化的新特点。知识经济对人口学研究提出了更高要求 ,人口学研究手段要实现现代化和信息化 ;人口学要开放化     

吉林省城乡居民消费变化的特点及差异研究

随着城乡居民收入的提高 ,吉林省居民的消费水平有了显著变化 ,按可比价格计算的居民消费水平指数总体上呈上升趋势。进入 90年代以来 ,居民的消费构成也相应发生了很大的转变 ,但城乡之间仍然存在较大的差异。实践表明 ,在经济发展水平相对较高的条件下 ,居民消费的心理、水平、构成及其变化 ,对经济增长的影响力度势必呈现出越来越大的趋势     

Speciation, its ecological and biogeographical consequences

I studied the effect of treehole (microhabitat) size distribution in local habitats on geographic difference in aquatic metazoan community structure by comparing differences between two sites on Iriomote Island, and between Iriomote Island (subtropical) and Tsushima Island (temperate), in southwestern Japan. In treeholes at each local site, the amount of litter, the species richness and total biomass of metazoa were positively correlated with treehole capacity. Between the two sites on Iriomote Island (Shirahama and Komi), the amount of litter, biomass and species number per treehole was greater at Komi where the mean and variance of treehole size were greater, while the dependencies of these parameters on treehole capacity were common to both sites. Total species number was larger at Komi (2 predators and 20 saprophages) than at Shirahama (1 predator and 19 saprophages). Most of the dominant taxa colonized larger treeholes with higher probabilities, although one taxa showed the opposite trend. Treeholes on Tsushima were smaller than those on Iriomote. The metazoan fauna in treeholes consisted of 15 saprophages on Tsushima, being less richer than that on Iriomote Island which had 2 predators and 21 saprophages. However, the dependencies of litter amount and biomass on treehole capacity did not differ significantly between the islands, although treeholes on Iriomote harbored a greater number of species per treehole than those on Tsushima. This study indicated that there are general correlates between community structure within individual treeholes (infracommunity structure) and treehole capacity (microhabitat size). Therefore, microhabitat-size distribution is potentially a significant constraint of local community structure, and its variation may contribute to the variation in local and regional species richness.     

宁夏回族自治区同心县产业技术状况调查

作者通过实地调查,对宁夏回族自治区同心县产业技术发展的状况进行了论述,对影响当地产业技术进步的主要制约因素进行了分析,并对产业技术进步的重点、方式和产业技术跨越的可能性进行了初步探讨。     

对当前工业设计教学模式的思考

近年来,有些院校在工业设计专业的新教学计划中提出了“课程环”的构想。这样的教学模式试图把先前自成一体的课程有机地融解在数个相对的小系统中,进而形成以课题设计为中心的大系统。而过去的“三段式”教学模式则是以各门独立课程为中心的。在“三段式”教育下,有的学生几乎每门功课都优秀却做不出好设计来,更有甚者不懂设计程序而无法完成完整的设计。这种教学模式存在诸多弊端。     

我国文化产业的梯级开发和利用初探

随着全球化的进一步扩张,一种全球文化消费的观念逐渐成形。世界各国相应加大对文化的保护和开发,物质文化与非物质文化遗产的保护和开发也提上政府的议事日程。适时将文化作为一种产业进行规范的开发和可持续利用,也是今后各级政府工作的重中之重。     

SCP视角的资源产业组织及其优化的理论分析

SCP理论是现代西方产业组织(IO)理论中占主导地位的理论。文章试图将该理论运用于自然资源产业问题研究中,也就是运用SCP理论的分析框架来研究资源产业组织问题即自然资源产业内部的资源生产经营企业之间的相互关系,这种理论分析旨在促进资源产业组织不断地趋于合理化和优化。