在华外资并购绩效实证分析——以饮料、洗涤用品、化妆品和汽车制造业为例

跨国并购是外国直接投资进入中国市场的一种主要手段。自中国加入WTO后,外资在华掀起一波接一波的并购浪潮,国内很多行业出现外资垄断现象,一些知名民族品牌开始淡出市场。以国内饮料、洗涤用品、化妆品和汽车制造业这四个行业的进出口贸易数据为基础,以贸易指数和竞争优势指数为工具来分析这种并购的绩效。结果发现,并购加快了中国产业结构调整,但对产业竞争优势的提高没有太大的效应,同时还阻碍了某些行业民族企业的发展。     

Factors associated with placement breakdown initiated by foster parents – empirical findings from Germany

This study investigates the effects of covariates on the probability of placement breakdown in non‐kinship family foster care. Breakdowns are distinguished according to the initiator: children, carers, foster parents and the local child welfare authorities. The children concerned had entered foster care at ages ranging from 0 to a maximum of 17 years (n = 14 171). A significantly higher risk of breakdown on the initiative of the foster parents is found in male children, children whose parents receive financial support, children whose parents were removed from the register of carers, children who were between 6 and 15 years old when they joined the foster family, children who had earlier lived in a different foster family or residential care, children from patchwork families and children whose joining of a foster family was the result of disruptive social behaviour. Two‐thirds of the children from non‐kinship family foster care who stay in the foster family was ended on the initiative of the foster parents are subsequently looked after in residential care. That is three times the rate for all terminated foster relationships. Breakdowns on the initiative of the foster parents thus indicate a high risk of unstable care history developing and accordingly necessitate prevention strategies.     

A conceptual approach to the creation of public–private partnerships in social welfare

All societies are confronted with complex, often difficult to overcome, challenges associated with changing population demographics. These challenges have placed increasing demands on society for social protection. Individual citizens, politicians, and scholars alike all are searching for the ideal configuration of the welfare mix, that is, a combination of various institutions that can offer the best possible combination of essential goods and services for everyone in every society. Key Practitioner Message: ● The organization of the public–private welfare partnership as viewed from a conceptual perspective; ● The unique contextual and contemporary social forces that shape public–private partnerships in modern welfare state practice; ● Contrasts in the origins and nature of public–private partnerships between two of the world's most populous countries whose histories, traditions, values, and norms differ fundamentally from one another. Even so, considerable learning regarding welfare state formation in different societies is possible through the application of the Public–Private Development Mix to the analysis of welfare state formation in these two contrasting societies.     

国际议程设置与中国的能源安全实现路径探析

能源安全是左右国家命运的关键。当前,我国能源安全面临的困境和挑战、国家实力的增长和国际影响力的 提升、国际责任意识的提升、融入国际社会的进程和参与全球治理的实践、积极主办重要国际会议等均让中国有了投 入到能源安全国际议程设置的可行性。中国在设置能源安全议程时,应坚持“兼顾国家利益与全球利益”的原则,清晰 明确地界定议题,制定操作性强的备选方案,最终推动议题的去安全化。当然,在设置能源安全国际议程的实践中,中 国将不可避免地面临议程设置本身及议程设置之外因素的制约和影响。因此,在能源安全国际议程设置中,中国不仅 应在议题的界定、备选方案的选择以及推动主体间性建构方面精心准备,还应考虑到国际议程设置过程中的竞争,界 定和强化议题的属性,提高议题的显著性和关联性,建立议题联盟,出台操作性强且被普遍接受的备选方案,推动主体 间性的建构,从而有效保障我国的能源安全。     

贸易自由化与环境保护的博弈——环境非政府组织作为法庭之友的合理性探析

WTO环境保护规则由于其用语模糊,各国环境标准不统一以及发展中国家在国际贸易中的劣势地位,在实践中并没有达到环境NGOS的期望。因此,环境NGOS转向以法庭之友身份参与WTO争端解决程序。经过“美国海龟海虾案”、“欧共体石棉案”和“巴西限制从欧盟进口翻新轮胎案”的实践,WTO争端解决机构逐步接受了环境NGOS提交的法庭之友陈述。为实现WTO可持续发展的宗旨、提高环境贸易争端司法程序的透明度、公正解决案件,让国际社会更加重视环保问题,WTO争端解决机构不仅应在实践中考虑法庭之友陈述,还应根据WTO实体规则和司法实践尽早制定出规范法庭之友陈述的规则。     

明代中日朝贡贸易探析

自秦汉以来,中日就相互之间就有了各种往来。从历史发展上看,隋唐时期的中日交流主要是在政治制度方面,宋元时期的中日交流主要是在宗教文化方面,明代的中日交流则主要是在经济贸易方面,且主要体现在官方的朝贡贸易,且主要以日本向明朝称臣纳贡的勘合贸易形式进行。这种朝贡贸易虽然促进了中日双方文化交流,但日本获益更大,明廷虽然通过这种贸易交流在一定程度上减缓了东南沿海的侵乱威胁,满足了“天朝上国”的虚荣心理,但不计经济效益的赏赐却加重了国力负担,激发了国内矛盾。     

空间溢出视角下对外贸易和中国碳排放——基于半参数面板空间滞后模型

针对现有文献研究碳排放时忽略经济空间溢出效用以及对外贸易—碳排放非线性关系的缺憾,估算了2001-2011年中国29个省区碳排放量,然后构建半参数空间滞后模型,并结合工具变量法以解决对外贸易的内生性问题,实证研究了对外贸易对中国区域碳排放的影响。研究发现:(1)十年来中国贸易开放对碳排放的影响从促进逐渐开始转变为抑制。东部地区对外贸易发展较快,目前正处于逐渐抑制碳排放阶段;中部地区对外贸易水平较低,对外贸易的发展仍促进了碳排放的增加;西部地区对外贸易与碳排放的关系不明确。(2)半参数面板空间滞后模型比参数模型具有更高的拟合优度和更丰富的结论,它能够有效刻画碳经济现象中空间相关性与非线性特征。     

关于近期人民币汇率问题的研究

本文通过对中国贸易收支顺差逐年减少、特定条件下的较高的外汇储备、中国经济发展不平衡性等方面的探析,认为中国人民币汇率近期应该保持稳定。     

论社会党国际人权观的新变化

人权是社会党国际的身份特征之一,社会党国际自重建以来,就一直在为维护人权而斗争。社会党国际的人权观有一个发展和完善的过程,社会党国际人权观的演变是其纲领和政策革新的具体表现,同时也是西方国家全球战略调整的表现。社会党国际人权观具有双重性,既有着进步性的一面,也有着消极甚至反动性的一面。     

论中印两国要素积累对服务贸易比较优势的影响

本文比较了中印两国服务贸易比较优势和贸易模式的差异,并在HO理论的基础上,就中印两国要素积累对服务贸易出口增长的影响作了时间序列分析,发现两国服务贸易比较优势的来源不同:前者来源于其丰裕的劳动力,而后者来源于人力资本。上述分析为中印两国服务贸易部门存在的比较优势差异提供了一个基于要素因素的解释,并得出人力资本的快速积累能够为一国增强现代服务贸易部门的比较优势提供有利条件的结论。