胡塞尔的内在时间意识与西方哲学的时间观

时间问题是西方哲学最艰深的也是最重要的问题之一 ,从柏拉图到胡塞尔相继出现了实体论时间观、关系论时间观、个人主观时间观、先验时间观和内在时间意识 ,胡塞尔上承奥古斯丁而持内在时间意识观念 ,既别于牛顿的时间客观实体论 ,又别于心理主义的个人主观时间论。本文把胡塞尔的内在时间意识学说置于西方时间学说发展的历史背景中 ,努力阐明其与各种时间观的理论因承关系及异同点 ,以此来阐述其内在时间意识的内涵及意义。     

Performance management that works? Improving public services by making use of intrinsic motivation

One of the central features of public governance in the 2000s was an extension in the use of performance management (PM), but research has suggested that the “gaming” of PM systems became commonplace and that measured performance data was often unreliable. However, PM is necessary in some form, and has fared better in some settings than others. This article presents a systematic comparison based on two case studies where success has been claimed, from English local government and the Quality and Outcomes Framework in the National Health Service, as a means to generating insights into how PM systems can be made to work better. It links its analysis to Frey's and Deci's work on intrinsic motivation in order to theoretically explain its findings before exploring how the insights generated can be applied to other service settings.     

Rethinking Suffering: Allowing for Suffering that is Intrinsic at End of Life

The dilemma so central to the work of providers of palliative and end-of-life care is the paradox of their professional and ethical duty to try to relieve suffering and the limitations of so doing. While the capacity to sit with suffering at the end of life is critical to clinical work, the idea that some intrinsic suffering cannot necessarily always be relieved may model for patients and families that suffering can be borne. Clinicians who encounter unrelievable suffering may feel a sense of failure, helplessness, moral distress, and compassion fatigue. While tolerating suffering runs counter to the aims of palliative care, acknowledging it, bearing it, and validating it may actually help patients and families to do the same. “Sitting with suffering” signals a paradigm shift within the discipline of palliative care, as it asks clinicians to rethink their role in being able to relieve some forms of psychosocial suffering intrinsic to dying.     

Does motivating language matter in leader–subordinate communication?

This study examines the relationships among motivating language, intrinsic motivation, supervisory effectiveness, job performance, and organizational citizenship behavior. It compares the effects of motivating language across different organizational categories. Of the 500 questionnaires that were distributed, 277 were found to be usable (161 for the airline organization and 116 for the army organization). The findings of the study contribute to the literature on human resource management, communication, leadership, and organizational behavior by showing the effects of motivating language on supervisory effectiveness and organizational citizenship behavior, as well as by identifying the mediators of intrinsic motivation. However, the study offers no evidence that motivating language has an effect on job performance. The study also notes that, regardless of whether a person is in an army or airline organization, motivating language can produce the same result and does not vary much across cultures.     

元代农书中农作物名物词的同实异名现象

农业词语的发展具有一定的阶段性和较强的传承性,经历了新词产生、旧词消亡和新旧词共存的过程,在这个发展过程中,农作物名物词形成了同实异名现象。这种现象的产生,既是多种语言因素共同作用的结果,又体现着人们的认知水平,语言在时空、雅俗上的差异变化以及与社会环境的关系等因素。     

论美与宏伟

美可分为绝对美和相对美.绝对美仅仅诉诸感觉,相对美则伴随一个理解和反思的活动.宏伟与美都遵循形式规律,都是令人愉快的,但宏伟区别于美的地方,是前者具有巨大的体积,并且产生强烈的情感效果.     

先验实质与道德价值——舍勒实质价值伦理学解读

在实质先验主义的基础上,通过区别善的事物和价值、目的和价值,论证善恶价值的特殊性质,确定了价值领域是个先验实质的领域。道德价值既不是“善物”也不是“价值物”,而是一种具有实质性或非形式性内容的善恶性质或关系,个人才是道德价值的真正主体,道德价值也只有在个人的价值情感中显现出来。     

换一种思维看散文:用相似性给散文命名

新时期以来人们对散文的认识发生了很大的变化,有的提出大散文概念,有的认为散文就是美文,还有人把散文分为感性与知性,其实这些观点与传统的散文定义一样,都没有揭示散文的内在规定性,不可能据此建立散文创作理论。从思维的角度看散文,散文的内在规定性就在于相似思维。作者运用相似思维由此及彼,展开联想,感悟生活,发现真知,不断地刷新我们的思想,丰富我们的精神家园。     

跨国公司管理模式探析

企业跨国经营的目标是建立世界范围竞争优势,该目标的实现取决于跨国管理模式,即跨国管理的维度、组织、过程和行为所构成的关系模式。跨国公司在国际扩张过程中形成了多国分散联合体、国际协调联合体、全球垂直一体化三种传统跨国管理模式。随着跨国经营环境的变化,跨国公司管理模式正在变革,变革的基本方向和原则是:从单一管理维度向多管理维度的转变;构建以母—子公司关系为基础的网络化组织;塑造以知识传递为纽带的管理过程;重新定义管理者的角色行为。     

论清代壮族名士郑献甫纪游诗的文化维度

郑献甫是清代著名的壮族诗人、学者,在岭峤壮族古典诗人中,是卓然独立的大家。其纪游诗内容多样,包罗丰富,大致可分为四个维度,即地理之维、民俗之维、历史之维、时政之维,这四个维度分别指向四重文化内涵,即抒写行者无疆,揭橥风物民俗,寻求古今会通,传载末世心史。郑献甫的行走人生标举了封建时代文人独具特色的人生范式,给予我们较为丰富的文化启示。