Extensions of Samuelson's Inequality

In this note we obtain upper and lower bounds for the kth largest number in a set of real numbers in terms of their mean and standard deviation. For each inequality necessary and sufficient conditions for equality are given.     

Contributors

Abstract

The authors respond to an article on the role of the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) as a manifestation (format) identifier of serials. They discuss some of the challenges that multiple manifestations present for the ISSN Network, some proposed solutions to this problem, and invite further input and dialogue on the topic. Serials Review 2003; 29:97–99.     

Dynamic inference for non-Markov transition probabilities under random right censoring

The main contribution of this article is the verification of weak convergence of a general non-Markov (NM) state transition probability estimator by Titman, which has not yet been done for any other general NM estimator. A similar theorem is shown for the bootstrap, yielding resampling-based inference methods for statistical functionals. Formulas of the involved covariance functions are presented in detail. Particular applications include the conditional expected length of stay in a specific state, given occupation of another state in the past, and the construction of time-simultaneous confidence bands for the transition probabilities. The expected lengths of stay in a two-sample liver cirrhosis dataset are compared and confidence intervals for their difference are constructed. With borderline significance and in comparison to the placebo group, the treatment group has an elevated expected length of stay in the healthy state given an earlier disease state occupation. In contrast, the Aalen-Johansen (AJ) estimator-based confidence interval, which relies on a Markov assumption, leads to a drastically different conclusion. Also, graphical illustrations of confidence bands for the transition probabilities demonstrate the biasedness of the AJ estimator in this data example. The reliability of these results is assessed in a simulation study.     

明清五部朝邑县志编纂比较

明清两代朝邑县志今传较广者,分别为明韩邦靖、王学谟及清王兆鳌、朱廷模、李元春等编纂或主修。五部县志编纂目的 相似,然其编纂体例、内容特色、主导思想及成书情况等却不尽一致。比较它们的异同,从中可以看到这一时期我国古方志编 辑思想、体例变化及其发展历程。     

固定pH滴定法测定弱酸性药物盐酸普鲁卡因

本文报道了一种水溶液中测定弱酸性药物的固定ｐＨ滴定法．它以弱酸在水溶液中各 种存在形式的分布系数与ｐＨ值的关系为理论依据,不要求滴定反应定量完成,是利用滴定到一定 ｐＨ值时滴定剂消耗体积与弱酸物质的量之间的正比关系进行定量分析,应用该法测定弱酸性药 物盐酸普鲁卡因,结果与药典一致,回收率在９９.６ ％～１００．３％,试液低至 ５×１０－４ｍｏＶＬ,也可用该 法准确测定．本法操作简便、快速、制剂中的赋形剂及有色物无干扰．     

探寻景颇族的源与流

景颇族历史上长期没有产生文字,故考察景颇族的文明发展史的难度很大。从民间口承文化和相关史料着手,追溯景颇族的族源和迁徙,梳理景颇族从远古到清末的历史,对了解景颇族的历史分期及社会形态有重要作用。     

Pivotal Statistics for Testing Structural Parameters in Instrumental Variables Regression

We propose a novel statistic for conducting joint tests on all the structural parameters in instrumental variables regression. The statistic is straightforward to compute and equals a quadratic form of the score of the concentrated log–likelihood. It therefore attains its minimal value equal to zero at the maximum likelihood estimator. The statistic has a χ² limiting distribution with a degrees of freedom parameter equal to the number of structural parameters. The limiting distribution does not depend on nuisance parameters. The statistic overcomes the deficiencies of the Anderson–Rubin statistic, whose limiting distribution has a degrees of freedom parameter equal to the number of instruments, and the likelihood based, Wald, likelihood ratio, and Lagrange multiplier statistics, whose limiting distributions depend on nuisance parameters. Size and power comparisons reveal that the statistic is a (asymptotic) size–corrected likelihood ratio statistic. We apply the statistic to the Angrist–Krueger (1991) data and find similar results as in Staiger and Stock (1997).     

阴山文化文献与研究概述

系统研究阴山文化首先需要理清阴山文化的文献基础及研究现状。地方史志是研究阴山文化的基础资料,但存在着历史和地域的局限性。研究内蒙古、蒙古族及北方少数民族、草原文化的著作,均包含有大量阴山历史文化的。内容,可列入阴山文化研究的成果之中。探讨阴山某个局部、某个专题、某个方面历史文化的论著近年陆续面世,但缺乏系统性。把阴山文化作为一个专门的学术研究课题从整体上进行全面深入的研究,应该说才刚刚起步,还有大量的工作需要我们去做。     

弱势当事人博弈策略的微观解读

诉讼的过程并不仅仅是法律逻辑推理和法律条文机械应用的过程,而是一场法律框架内中国式的诉讼各方的资本、权力全面动员和对抗的利益争夺战。在一般入的知识库存里,弱势当事入拥有较少的社会资本和权力,博弈能力相应地比较弱。然而,弱势当事人以弱者身份作为武器,也能够获得相对有利的诉讼结果。但这是我国目前法制建设不完善的表现,将随着和谐社会的建设逐步消失。     

转型期老工业基地弱势群体的社会救助

转型期东北老工业基地出现了下岗失业人员构成的新的弱势群体。解决这一问题有助于社会稳定、实现社会公正和完善社会主义市场体制。为此,必须构筑以政府为主导、社区为依托、社会力量广泛参与的综合全面的社会救助体系。