Resource utilization as an internal driver of alliance portfolio evolution: The Qatar Airways case (1993–2010)

This article aims to understand the role played by resource utilization levels as a driver of alliance portfolio evolution over time. Based on our theoretical framework and on a case study of Qatar Airways (199.3–2010), we develop insights into the micro-dynamics of resource structuring in firms that possess an alliance portfolio. Our research shows that firms can create either their own or network resources with different deployment modes according to their resource utilization levels to remain profitable. We also emphasize that optimized resource utilization is a key driver of resource-structuring efforts in firms. Finally, we show that based on the focal firm's life cycle phase, the level of resource utilization changes and leads to various resource-structuring mechanisms that can be observed at the alliance portfolio level.     

Appalachian Women’s Use of Substance Abuse Treatment: Examining the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations

The Gelberg–Andersen Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations was applied to understand vulnerable Appalachian women’s (N = 400) utilization of addiction treatment. A secondary data analysis included multiple multivariate analyses. The strongest correlates of treatment utilization included ever injecting drugs (OR = 2.77), limited availability of substance abuse treatment facilities (OR = 2.03), and invalidated violence abuse claims (OR = 2.12). This study contributes theory-driven research to the greater social work addiction literature by confirming that vulnerable domains related to substance abuse treatment utilization warrant unique considerations compared to nonvulnerable domains. Findings also highlight the importance of understanding the unique role that cultural factors play in treatment utilization among Appalachian women. Inferences relevant to clinicians and policymakers are discussed.     

Silent privatisation of customary land in Zambia: opportunities for a few,challenges for many

The conversion of customary land into leasehold tenure has sparked intense debates in Zambia and beyond. Growing interest in land in the last decade and half has led to a spike in demand for land across Africa, especially land adjacent to major cities, towns and developed infrastructure. This growing demand for land is gradually being directed at customary land, which well-resourced urban and local elites, as well as foreign investors, are converting from customary to private tenure, raising serious questions about the future of customary land in Africa. This paper discusses the emerging dynamics around customary land conversion drawing from a case study conducted in Chongwe and Chibombo districts in Zambia. Evidence gathered in this study suggest that while the conversion of customary land to leasehold tenure is generating opportunities for the urban elite, a few traditional leaders and international investors, it is, at the same time, creating serious challenges for the majority of the people in the local communities.     

Indigenous People and the Miserable Failure of Australian Planning

Abstract

Major changes in Australian law and significant research efforts have re-positioned Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as important actors in planning. Yet, this has barely penetrated the consciousness of the mainstream professional community. Current requirements for professional competencies and planning curricula fall well short of preparing planners to productively engage with Indigenous people. The profession itself barely acknowledges the significant changes advanced in Indigenous studies and planning, and the new imperatives. This paper details the contemporary position of planning practice in Australia with regard to Indigenous people and considers the changes required to more justly engage with Indigenous rights.     

经济史、等级与再分配——20世纪中国边疆土地制度的人类学研究综述

土地制度改革是20世纪中国向现代社会转变中相当重要的一项内容。土地问题不仅是经济问题,更与政治、社会、宗教、文化等问题关系密切。土地制度研究对中国的重要性源于国家内部社会结构的复杂性,特别是边疆地区与东部地区处于不同的历史情境,因此研究中国现代性的历程时,边疆土地制度研究显得尤为必要。20世纪30年代至60年代,民族学、人类学的边疆研究积累了大量的土地研究成果,这些成果可以按照三个不同的脉络进行梳理,即经济史视野中的边疆土地制度研究、封建社会研究中的土地问题以及马克思主义民族学的土地制度研究。今天民族学和人类学研究边疆土地制度时,必须关注国家、市场和地方封建社会遗产之间的共存,以此作为反思中国现代性构成的路径,这是费孝通“多元一体”理论的应有之意。     

“三权分置”制度下农村大学生土地权益保障研究

因户口、职业、经常居住地非农化以及集体义务难以履行等原因,农村大学生的集体经济组织成员权受到质疑甚至否定,导致其土地权益易被侵害。调查结果表明,在“两权分离”制度下,农村女大学生上大学前未分得承包地的比例高于男大学生,农村男大学生上大学后土地权益受侵害与户口迁移正相关,农村女大学生上大学后土地权益受侵害与年龄正相关,经济较发达地区的农村大学生土地权益受侵害的可能性较高。在“三权分置”制度下,应明确在校农村大学生的“集体经济组织成员”身份和“农户家庭成员”身份,即在校农村大学生应与其他村民平等地享有分得承包地的权利、平等地享有土地承包经营权的各种收益,并与其他家庭成员平等地享有承包土地的各项权益;在承包期内(包括延长期),无论农村大学生的身份怎样变化,只要其还是中华人民共和国公民,发包方都不能强制收回其土地承包经营权;同时,要“确地到人、确权到人”,切实保障农村大学生流转土地经营权后获得应有收益,并充分保障上大学前未分得承包地的农村大学生的合法土地权益。     

黑龙江省农地产权制度的特征与实现方式探析

深化农村改革,农地产权制度的改革与完善是关键。黑龙江省的农地国有比重较大,且耕地、林地、企业厂矿用地、湿地并存,其权属和使用现状较为复杂。合理建构黑龙江省的农地产权制度并探索其实现方式,对振兴黑龙江农业乃至黑龙江经济极为重要。     

基于稀疏主成分的能源利用效率综合评价及影响因素分析

基于能源消耗水平、能源高效利用水平、污染排放水平和污染治理水平四大准则层构建了评价能源利用效率的指标体系,使用数据包络分析、稀疏主成分方法和熵值法得到了我国各省市自治区2008-2018年的能源利用效率综合评价结果。在此基础上通过构建省际动态面板模型研究了能源利用效率的影响因素,回归结果显示：经济开放性、人均GDP、第三产业占比对能源利用效率有显著的正影响,能源消费结构、政府环境规制对能源利用效率有显著的负影响。最后就如何提高能源利用效率提出了相应的政策建议。