现代性进程中的北京视觉文化形象

本文基于视觉文化在城市文化建设中的重要性,以城市视觉文化形象的城市建筑为主要问题,首先阐述北京城市视觉文化的历史“余韵”与现代性“崇高”在城市现代化发展过程中所经历的重要转变,在此基础上论述二者之间的紧张关系,然后从视觉文化理论的角度提出自己的看法。     

11~14岁农村留守儿童性问题研究——基于对阜宁县芦蒲镇留守儿童的调查

通过对盐城阜宁县芦蒲镇1 157名11~14岁留守儿童的问卷调查和深入访谈发现,该地留守儿童的性问题绝大多数属于边缘性性行为,其中"说下流话"现象较为突出,有此体验的学生达半数左右;有45例自诉曾遭受来自异性侵害,而对这类严重犯罪行为,学校及地方政府尚未予以关注。农村学校应该杜绝说下流话现象,普及青春期性健康知识,增强留守儿童自我保护意识,政府应严厉打击针对留守儿童的犯罪行为,保护农村留守儿童不受性侵。     

社区建设与农村留守儿童社会化问题

解决留守儿童社会化问题是社区建设的重要内容。政府应通过发展社区经济、推进县镇城市化进程,加强社区公共设施建设、提升公共服务水平,加强行政立法和行政监管、优化社区环境等途径发挥主导作用;社区应整合各方资源,加强社区文化建设,在针对留守儿童的具体服务中发挥主体作用;留守儿童家庭及自身要转变观念、提高认识,在促进留守儿童健康成长中发挥主动作用。     

农村留守幼儿亲子关系与自信心的关系研究

运用问卷调查法以三所农村幼儿园350名幼儿作为研究对象来探讨农村留守幼儿的亲子关系与自信心的关系。研究结果表明：非留守幼儿在母子亲密、父子亲密方面的得分极其显著地高于留守幼儿,在母子冲突、父子冲突方面的得分极其显著地低于留守幼儿;非留守幼儿在自信心及各维度上的得分均极其显著高于留守幼儿;留守幼儿的母子亲密、父子亲密与自信心及各维度之间存在非常显著正相关;父子亲密、母子亲密能对留守幼儿自信心能够产生正向影响,父子亲密对留守幼儿自信心的影响作用大于母子亲密对留守幼儿自信心的影响。     

Isotontic regression for interval censored survival data using an e-m algorithm

This paper develops a nonparametric model of the relationship between survival S and a dichotomous random variable X under the order constraint that P(X=1|S=s) is increasing (or decreasing) with s. The estimation procedure, called isotonic regression, has been studied in some depth for the case of uncensored data, but we give a methodology which is appropriate in the more general context of right, left, and interval censored data. An E-M Algorithm (Dempster et. al., 1977) is used for maximum likelihood estimation.     

An EM algorithm for the estimation of parameters of bivariate generalized exponential distribution under random left censoring

In this paper, we consider the four-parameter bivariate generalized exponential distribution proposed by Kundu and Gupta [Bivariate generalized exponential distribution, J. Multivariate Anal. 100 (2009), pp. 581–593] and propose an expectation–maximization algorithm to find the maximum-likelihood estimators of the four parameters under random left censoring. A numerical experiment is carried out to discuss the properties of the estimators obtained iteratively.     

Informal kin caregivers raising children left behind in rural China: Experiences' feelings' and support

The well‐being of children in informal kinship care and their caregivers is a growing concern globally. This study explored the lived experiences of 23 kin caregivers raising children left behind in rural Northeast China while their migrant parents worked and lived in cities. The findings show that the expected authority and responsibility caregivers carry sometimes conflict with their social role of being children's grandparents. Caregivers' feelings about and understandings of these roles are shaped through their social interactions in local communities. In view of their situation and caregivers' self‐conscious attitudes towards utilizing local resources' future formal service provision and social support should take caregivers' viewpoints into account. These views are embedded in and shaped by their rural living context and relationships with community members who influence caregivers' perceptions and child rearing practices.     

‘Systemic thinking’, ‘regenerative culture’, and new forms of prefigurative politics: challenges for the global left

ABSTRACT

One of the aspects of the current crisis of the Left is an ‘epistemological blindness’ that prevents it from identifying opportunities for its own renewal. That includes the dismissal of the contribution of prefigurative forms of collective action which do not fit its institutionalized orthodoxies. Their most significant expression is a range of grassroots initiatives based on ‘systemic thinking’ and aimed at promoting a ‘regenerative culture’. It includes non-capitalist economic initiatives, such as those of the transition movement, social and solidarity economy and the Global Ecovillage Network, as well as of the temporary communities created by Occupy Wall Street movement and the Dakota Access Pipeline protests. They regard social polarization, patriarchy, and the crisis of democracy as interconnected dimensions of a civilizational dysfunction that asks for whole-systems solutions. Such approach, if adopted by the Left, may contribute to its renewal and political strengthening.     

Multistate Survival Models as Transient Electrical Networks

In multistate survival analysis, the sojourn of a patient through various clinical states is shown to correspond to the diffusion of 1 C of electrical charge through an electrical network. The essential comparison has differentials of probability for the patient to correspond to differentials of charge, and it equates clinical states to electrical nodes. Indeed, if the death state of the patient corresponds to the sink node of the circuit, then the transient current that would be seen on an oscilloscope as the sink output is a plot of the probability density for the survival time of the patient. This electrical circuit analogy is further explored by considering the simplest possible survival model with two clinical states, alive and dead (sink), that incorporates censoring and truncation. The sink output seen on an oscilloscope is a plot of the Kaplan–Meier mass function. Thus, the Kaplan–Meier estimator finds motivation from the dynamics of current flow, as a fundamental physical law, rather than as a nonparametric maximum likelihood estimate (MLE). Generalization to competing risks settings with multiple death states (sinks) leads to cause‐specific Kaplan–Meier submass functions as outputs at sink nodes. With covariates present, the electrical analogy provides for an intuitive understanding of partial likelihood and various baseline hazard estimates often used with the proportional hazards model.     

Nonparametric tests for left-truncated and interval-censored data

This paper considers two-sample nonparametric comparison of survival function when data are subject to left truncation and interval censoring. We propose a class of rank-based tests, which are generalization of weighted log-rank tests for right-censored data. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed tests are appropriate for practical use.