中西文化差异在翻译中的特殊作用

在翻译中常遇到的难题是中西文化差异。本文从物质文化、社会文化和思想文化三个层面对中西文化差异进行了探讨 ,同时进一步剖析了这种反映在语言层面上的差异及其在翻译中的特殊作用     

文化差异对企业管理绩效的影响--以西部地区为例

本文从西部地区的民族、宗教、语言文字、地域亚文化入手 ,分析文化差异对企业管理中个体行为、企业文化、投资环境的冲击 ,以及对企业管理绩效的影响 ,并针对西部地区文化差异大的事实 ,提出对西部地区的企业管理 ,应实行跨文化管理和跨文化培训     

产业结构和所有制结构的差异--关于东西部地区经济增长差距的一种解释

改革开放以来 ,西部地区与东部地区经济增长的差距有越控越大的趋势 ,形成这些差距的一个重要原因是双方在产业结构和所有制结构上存在的差异 ,并从实证分析的角度进行了检验。     

英语民族与云南少数民族语用习惯差异

语用学是20世纪70年代兴起的一门独立学科,它越来越受到语言学界的关注。语用学主要研究在特定情景中的特殊话语以及在不同的语言交际环境下如何理解和运用语言。从语用学相关理论的角度,通过对英语和部分少数民族语言的表达习惯比较,可以进一步展示中西方民族文化的差异,从而提高语言学习者的目的语文化意识,更好地实现跨文化交际目的。     

多元线性回归方程及其应用

通过建立多元线性回归的数学模型,利用最小二乘估计得到正规方程组并进行相关性检验,从而解决相关实际问题。     

语用失误对英语教学的启示

本文以JennyThomas的理论为依据,针对日常英语交际中经常出现的语用失误,进行了分析调查,阐明了语用失误的主要原因,研究出了一些对英语教学非常有用的方法,提出了在日常英语教学中怎样培养学生的语用能力的一些建议。     

从第二语言教学谈语言教学与文化的关系

汉外文化差异会直接影响对外汉语教学效果,因此语言教学必须与文化教学紧密结合,不可分割,否则会影响交际,甚至引起文化冲突。本文以汉俄两种语言对比为例,论述了汉外文化差异及其将文化导入语言教学的方法。     

夏夷文野之分与华夏中心意识

华夏中心意识使夏夷文野之分成为夏夷之辨的主流观念。夏夷文野之分又因民族矛盾和中外文化冲突而出现两种极端保守的表述形式———夏夷人禽之别和以地之中外划分夏夷的主张。对中华民族的历史进程而言 ,夏夷文野之分与华夏中心意识具有正反两方面的影响 ,而且随着时间的推移 ,其负面影响日益凸现。     

Sampling Strategies for Toxic Air Contaminants

Annual concentrations of toxic air contaminants are of primary concern from the perspective of chronic human exposure assessment and risk analysis. Despite recent advances in air quality monitoring technology, resource and technical constraints often impose limitations on the availability of a sufficient number of ambient concentration measurements for performing environmental risk analysis. Therefore, sample size limitations, representativeness of data, and uncertainties in the estimated annual mean concentration must be examined before performing quantitative risk analysis. In this paper, we discuss several factors that need to be considered in designing field-sampling programs for toxic air contaminants and in verifying compliance with environmental regulations. Specifically, we examine the behavior of SO2, TSP, and CO data as surrogates for toxic air contaminants and as examples of point source, area source, and line source-dominated pollutants, respectively, from the standpoint of sampling design. We demonstrate the use of bootstrap resampling method and normal theory in estimating the annual mean concentration and its 95% confidence bounds from limited sampling data, and illustrate the application of operating characteristic (OC) curves to determine optimum sample size and other sampling strategies. We also outline a statistical procedure, based on a one-sided t-test, that utilizes the sampled concentration data for evaluating whether a sampling site is compliance with relevant ambient guideline concentrations for toxic air contaminants.     

Gini’s nuclear family

The purpose of this paper is to justify the use of the Gini coefficient and two close relatives for summarizing the basic information of inequality in distributions of income. To this end we employ a specific transformation of the Lorenz curve, the scaled conditional mean curve, rather than the Lorenz curve as the basic formal representation of inequality in distributions of income. The scaled conditional mean curve is shown to possess several attractive properties as an alternative interpretation of the information content of the Lorenz curve and furthermore proves to yield essential information on polarization in the population. The paper also provides asymptotic distribution results for the empirical scaled conditional mean curve and the related family of empirical measures of inequality.