基于文化种群归类的中国企业出口对FDI带动效应研究

结合心理距离与文化距离的相关理论,运用格兰杰因果关系分析方法,对中国企业国际化过程中出口对生产性FDI的带动效应以及这种带动效应的文化差异性进行了初步探索。研究结果表明：在全球市场上,中国企业出口对FDI产生显著的带动效应;在不同文化种群市场上,这种带动效应与其文化距离正相关。最后,描述了目前中国企业国际化过程的特征,并提出了相关的管理含义。     

Two simple measures of variability for categorical data

This paper proposes two new variability measures for categorical data. The first variability measure is obtained as one minus the square root of the sum of the squares of the relative frequencies of the different categories. The second measure is obtained by standardizing the first measure. The measures proposed are functions of the variability measure proposed by Gini [Variabilitá e Mutuabilitá Contributo allo Studio delle Distribuzioni e delle Relazioni Statistiche, C. Cuppini, Bologna, 1912] and approximate the coefficient of nominal variation introduced by Kvålseth [Coefficients of variation for nominal and ordinal categorical data, Percept. Motor Skills 80 (1995), pp. 843–847] when the number of categories increases. Different mathematical properties of the proposed variability measures are studied and analyzed. Several examples illustrate how the variability measures can be interpreted and used in practice.     

A fast algorithm for the coordinate-wise minimum distance estimation

Application of the minimum distance (MD) estimation method to the linear regression model for estimating regression parameters is a difficult and time-consuming process due to the complexity of its distance function, and hence, it is computationally expensive. To deal with the computational cost, this paper proposes a fast algorithm which makes the best use of coordinate-wise minimization technique in order to obtain the MD estimator. R package (KoulMde) based on the proposed algorithm and written in Rcpp is available online.     

Generalized Tobit models: diagnostics and application in econometrics

The standard Tobit model is constructed under the assumption of a normal distribution and has been widely applied in econometrics. Atypical/extreme data have a harmful effect on the maximum likelihood estimates of the standard Tobit model parameters. Then, we need to count with diagnostic tools to evaluate the effect of extreme data. If they are detected, we must have available a Tobit model that is robust to this type of data. The family of elliptically contoured distributions has the Laplace, logistic, normal and Student-t cases as some of its members. This family has been largely used for providing generalizations of models based on the normal distribution, with excellent practical results. In particular, because the Student-t distribution has an additional parameter, we can adjust the kurtosis of the data, providing robust estimates against extreme data. We propose a methodology based on a generalization of the standard Tobit model with errors following elliptical distributions. Diagnostics in the Tobit model with elliptical errors are developed. We derive residuals and global/local influence methods considering several perturbation schemes. This is important because different diagnostic methods can detect different atypical data. We implement the proposed methodology in an R package. We illustrate the methodology with real-world econometrical data by using the R package, which shows its potential applications. The Tobit model based on the Student-t distribution with a small quantity of degrees of freedom displays an excellent performance reducing the influence of extreme cases in the maximum likelihood estimates in the application presented. It provides new empirical evidence on the capabilities of the Student-t distribution for accommodation of atypical data.     

恢宏而又隽永的诗篇－－电影《角斗士》赏析

本片通过沦为角斗士的罗马帝国将军墨西姆斯搏击、反抗、复仇的故事,表现了他作为"帝国骄雄"英勇无畏的性格和正直诚信的品质.同时也通过一系列细节表现了他的温柔细腻及伟大中的平凡.因而使得本片犹如一首恢宏隽永的诗篇.     

德国远程大学及其网络远程教育

本文在介绍德国远程大学概况的基础上,重点论述其网络远程教育的构建模式和方法,从而提出了我国年轻高效发展网络远程教育的希望和建议。     

中西艺术美学交汇点：“意境”与“有意味的形式”

通过对"意境"和"有意味的形式"两个艺术范畴的比较分析,阐释了中西艺术美学内在精神的合致与汇通,从而为中西艺术理论寻找到现代的对话平台,指出"意境"和"有意味的形式"的共同点在于强调"意"和"意味"的传达,反对形似.     

论高校远程教育的发展定位

远程教育的本质特征是“师生远离” ,表现在三个方面 :教与学空间远离 ;教与学时间错位 ;师生心理距离加大。因此受教育者需要有较强的自律能力和自学能力。这些特征决定了其发展定位应该是以成人教育、继续教育、终身教育为主。当前我国许多高校的远程教育均以应届高中毕业生的学历教育为主。在教学上采用全日制集体编班的远距离课堂教学 ,没有体现出远程教育的特征 ,没有发挥出远程教育的优势 ,是对远程教育本质特征的异化。     

浅谈体育教学中的情境教学法应用

在体育教学中运用情境教学法,既能拓展教学空间,又能提高体育教育的整体效益;既可以缩短教师、学生之间的心理距离,又能够创设美、趣、智的教学情境。在这里,情境教学法的应用是通过角色效应的功能,对主体意识加以强化,使"情境-教师-学生"三者之间形成相互推进、多项折射的心理影响,从而实现提高教学质量、增强体育效益目的的。     

反身代词"自己"语义指向的功能解释

从功能的角度看,反身代词入句除了从句子本身可以离析出叙述者和听(读)者来外,它还同时并存着同指对象和语义联项."自己"一般遵循以叙述者为基点的行为事件参与角色最短空间距离同指原则.当最短距离参与角色和行为事件表示的概念与事实相悖,或叙述者有意凸显与其空间距离较远的行为事件参与角色时,它便越级同指相应的下一个最短空间距离参与角色.在"句内联项句内指"这一平台上,在参与角色及其行为构成的行为事件都符合事理的情况下,如果参与角色人称相同(通常是第三人称),整个句子便存在歧义.