关于岛国日本文化论的思考

日本作为岛屿国家,在漫长的演化中形成了独自的文化.对于日本文化特色的理论研究硕果累累,其中最有影响的是"杂种文化论"和"平行进化论",然而笔者认为应该是"共生文化论",因为日本文化在纵向发展上走的是"共存→融合→共生"的路径,在横向的文化内容上表现出"生活文化"的特征.作为岛国文化,具有封闭性与开放性(锁国与开国)的双重性格.今天就它对岛国文化的影响问题要进行辩证的思考分析而不能妄下论断.     

一类热传导方程的H1-Galerkin混合有限元分析

采用H1 Galerkin混合有限元方法对一类热传导方程的初边值问题,提出了半离散H1 Galerkin混合有限元格式,通过误差分析,得到H1 Galerkin混合有限元解与真解的L2模和H1模的最优阶误差估计.     

论柏拉图《法律篇》中"法治范式"的当代启思

“法治”是柏拉图《法律篇》中所倡导的“混合政治”的核心内涵,是一种将君主制的君主原则与民主制的民主原则相融合的新型的“法治范式”。文章在剖析柏拉图“法治”思想的基础上,详细地阐述了柏拉图法治思维对当代中国政治转型的思维启发价值。     

ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SYMPTOMS OF ALLERGIC RHINOCONJUNCTIVITIS AND POLLEN COUNTS

The relationship between daily pollen counts during the peak pollen season and hay fever symptoms in known sufferers of pollen allergy was investigated in a Sydney hospital‐based study. This paper develops statistical models for both the short term (day to day) associations and the longer term relationships between these time series. Possible effects of asthma status are investigated. The analyses illustrate how different relationships between time series may be explored in a simple way by working on different time scales with suitably transformed variables.     

Comparison of Separable Components in Different Samples

Abstract.  Imagine we have two different samples and are interested in doing semi- or non-parametric regression analysis in each of them, possibly on the same model. In this paper, we consider the problem of testing whether a specific covariate has different impacts on the regression curve in these two samples. We compare the regression curves of different samples but are interested in specific differences instead of testing for equality of the whole regression function. Our procedure does allow for random designs, different sample sizes, different variance functions, different sets of regressors with different impact functions, etc. As we use the marginal integration approach, this method can be applied to any strong, weak or latent separable model as well as to additive interaction models to compare the lower dimensional separable components between the different samples. Thus, in the case of having separable models, our procedure includes the possibility of comparing the whole regression curves, thereby avoiding the curse of dimensionality. It is shown that bootstrap fails in theory and practice. Therefore, we propose a subsampling procedure with automatic choice of subsample size. We present a complete asymptotic theory and an extensive simulation study.     

Conservative prior distributions for variance parameters in hierarchical models

Bayesian hierarchical models typically involve specifying prior distributions for one or more variance components. This is rather removed from the observed data, so specification based on expert knowledge can be difficult. While there are suggestions for “default” priors in the literature, often a conditionally conjugate inverse‐gamma specification is used, despite documented drawbacks of this choice. The authors suggest “conservative” prior distributions for variance components, which deliberately give more weight to smaller values. These are appropriate for investigators who are skeptical about the presence of variability in the second‐stage parameters (random effects) and want to particularly guard against inferring more structure than is really present. The suggested priors readily adapt to various hierarchical modelling settings, such as fitting smooth curves, modelling spatial variation and combining data from multiple sites.     

Empirical likelihood tests for two‐sample problems via nonparametric density estimation

The authors study the problem of testing whether two populations have the same law by comparing kernel estimators of the two density functions. The proposed test statistic is based on a local empirical likelihood approach. They obtain the asymptotic distribution of the test statistic and propose a bootstrap approximation to calibrate the test. A simulation study is carried out in which the proposed method is compared with two competitors, and a procedure to select the bandwidth parameter is studied. The proposed test can be extended to more than two samples and to multivariate distributions.     

金融业分业经营、混业经营的政策辨析

在金融发展历史上,经历了多次金融分业、混业经营的循环演进。从宏观层面看,金融分业、混业是一种制度选择和制度变迁现象。金融结构的变化是多种利益博弈下的结果,市场结构、监控资源积累状况、人文因素等都影响制度结构安排和变迁路径。不同国家、地区采取不同的金融政策和金融制度是完全正常的,在金融分业与混业的制度选择上不能盲目照搬某一种模式。对分业经营、混业经营进行政策辨析,探究了混业经营成为国际金融业发展势趋的原因。     

More Efficient Tests Robust to Heteroskedasticity of Unknown Form

In the presence of heteroskedasticity of unknown form, the Ordinary Least Squares parameter estimator becomes inefficient, and its covariance matrix estimator inconsistent. Eicker (1963) and White (1980) were the first to propose a robust consistent covariance matrix estimator, that permits asymptotically correct inference. This estimator is widely used in practice. Cragg (1983) proposed a more efficient estimator, but concluded that tests basd on it are unreliable. Thus, this last estimator has not been used in practice. This article is concerned with finite sample properties of tests robust to heteroskedasticity of unknown form. Our results suggest that reliable and more efficient tests can be obtained with the Cragg estimators in small samples.     

基于混合DEA模型的医药行业上市公司经营效率相对有效性评价

DEA模型作为一种客观的多指标决策方法应用十分广泛.但目前使用频率较高的两种通用模型C²R模型和C²GS²模型,在单独使用时都有比较大的局限性,评判结果往往无法令人满意;针对这一问题,本文提出构建混合DEA模型,并应用混合DEA模型对医药上市公司的经营效率相对有效性评价进行实证分析,阐述了混合DEA模型的使用方法,验证了评判方法的可行性和科学性.