数字金融对农户气候适应性行为的影响

气候适应性技术采用率低下已成为制约农业可持续发展的重要因素,数字金融可能影响农户的气候适应性行为。基于河南、陕西、山西三省1 384份农户微观调查数据,运用内生转换回归模型构建反事实分析框架,实证分析数字金融使用对农户气候适应性行为的影响效应及其作用机制。研究发现:使用数字金融能显著促进农户气候适应性技术采纳行为,具体表现为在反事实假设下,使用数字金融的农户若未使用其气候适应性技术采纳程度将下降;未使用数字金融的农户如果使用了,其气候适应性技术采纳程度将上升。机制分析表明,数字金融能够提高借贷易得性与信息易得性,进而促进农户采纳气候适应性行为,农户对于金融包容性的认知能够正向增强数字金融对农户气候适应性行为的影响效应。异质性分析表明,数字金融使用对于资本型适应性行为影响的边际效应最大,在反事实假设下也表现为数字金融使用对农户资本型适应性行为提升效果最强;数字金融对农业收入占家庭收入比率较高、接受过培训的农户采纳气候适应性技术促进效应更高。     

员工满意指数测评方法及其管理策略研究——以某石油机械制造企业为例

员工满意度是保证用户满意的基础,员工对企业的满意指数越高,越有利于提高员工对产品或服务的质量。阐述影响员工满意的因素和产生的效应,提出员工满意指数结构模型,给出模型中隐变量相对应的观测变量以及描述模型中各相关变量之间关系的数学表达式;区分员工满意度的内在报酬因素和外在报酬因素,采用薪酬组合/员工满意度状态管理方格衡量员工的不同满意度状态,实现员工满意状态的动态管理;制定提高员工满意度的P-D-C-A-R五步循环措施,在管理实践中指导企业提高员工满意度。通过对某石油机械制造企业的实际调查,运用偏最小二乘法进行员工满意分析,得到隐变量相关关系曲线和影响员工满意的主要因素,并对企业进一步持续改进员工满意管理策略提出相应建议。     

基于资源观的企业IT能力与企业绩效研究

在企业广泛应用信息技术提高竞争能力之际,信息化如何给企业带来效益一直是国内外研究的热点问题.在回顾相关文献的基础上,利用基于资源观的概念框架分析企业IT资源,建立企业IT能力模型;采用配对样本比较和统计检验方法,对企业IT能力与企业绩效之间的关系进行实证分析.研究结果表明,具有卓越IT能力的企业会表现出更好的绩效,这些企业具有显著较高的营业净利率、总资产收益率、净资产收益率和人均净利润.企业不仅需要进行IT投资,更重要的是把IT投资内化为整个企业的IT能力,只有这样IT才会更好地给企业带来效益,这有助于指导中国企业信息化工程的建设和论证.     

Seasonal forcing on the dynamics ofClethrionomys rufocanus: Modeling geographic gradients in population dynamics

We interpret gradients in population dynamics of the gray-sided vole from the southwestern part of the island of Hokkaido to its northeastern part within the framework of a phenomenological model involving the relative length of summer and winter. In Hokkaido, as in other northern regions, both spring and fall is considered as short transition periods between the two main seasons — summer (the primary breeding season) and winter (the non-reproductive or secondary breeding season). We show that the geographic transition in dynamics may be understood as the combined consequence of different patterns of density-dependence during summer and winter, and geographically varying season lengths. Differences are shown to exist between summer and winter with respect to strength of density-dependence. Direct density-dependence, in particular, is stronger during winter than during summer. A model is presented to show how relative lengths of seasons can induce both stable and periodically fluctuating population dynamics. The results are compared and contrasted with what is otherwise known about the gradient in rodent dynamics in Fennoscandia.     

A new heteroscedastic regression to analyze mass loss of wood in civil construction in Brazil

A heteroscedastic regression based on the odd log-logistic Marshall–Olkin normal (OLLMON) distribution is defined by extending previous models. Some structural properties of this distribution are presented. The estimation of the parameters is addressed by maximum likelihood. For different parameter settings, sample sizes and some scenarios, various simulations investigate the performance of the heteroscedastic OLLMON regression. We use residual analysis to detect influential observations and to check the model assumptions. The new regression explains the mass loss of different wood species in civil construction in Brazil.     

民营科技企业创新服务体系研究

民营科技企业创新服务体系是指民营科技企业提供社会化、专业化服务以支撑、促进创新活动和提高创新效率的服务网络。近几年来,我国民营科技企业的创新服务体系随着改革开放的发展得到日益加强,但由于民营科技企业自身的特点也存在许多困难,表现为服务体系模式不明确、中介服务功能单一、创新服务网络化协作较弱、立法管理相对滞后。因此,必须大力规范和发展民营科技企业的创新服务机构,加强和完善创新服务体系,以推动民营科技企业的创新能力。     

A simple two-step procedure using the Fellegi–Sunter model for frequency-based record linkage

The widely used Fellegi–Sunter model for probabilistic record linkage does not leverage information contained in field values and consequently leads to identical classification of match status regardless of whether records agree on rare or common values. Since agreement on rare values is less likely to occur by chance than agreement on common values, records agreeing on rare values are more likely to be matches. Existing frequency-based methods typically rely on knowledge of error probabilities associated with field values and frequencies of agreed field values among matches, often derived using prior studies or training data. When such information is unavailable, applications of these methods are challenging. In this paper, we propose a simple two-step procedure for frequency-based matching using the Fellegi–Sunter framework to overcome these challenges. Matching weights are adjusted based on frequency distributions of the agreed field values among matches and non-matches, estimated by the Fellegi–Sunter model without relying on prior studies or training data. Through a real-world application and simulation, our method is found to produce comparable or better performance than the unadjusted method. Furthermore, frequency-based matching provides greater improvement in matching accuracy when using poorly discriminating fields with diminished benefit as the discriminating power of matching fields increases.     

共同心智模式与企业管理

文章引入共同心智模式的研究,探索共同心智模式在现代企业管理中的表现形式和作用。提出将共同心智模式引入企业管理的方式包括有效的计划,知识管理,团队构成和交叉培训。     

农村居民消费对我国经济增长影响分析

本文通过建立面板数据模型测度了农村居民消费对我国经济增长的影响效应,认为农村居民消费对我国经济增长具有正向促进作用但不够明显,分析了扩大农村居民消费需求促进经济增长所面临的障碍因素并提出了相应的对策建议。     

文化创意产业的金融抑制现状研究

近年来文化创意产业逐渐成为新时期国民经济增长的新动力,然而由于金融发展水平低下,文化创意产业出现了金融抑制现象。应用MRW模型对中国文化创意产业金融抑制现象进行实证分析,发现文化创意产业价值评估难是导致金融抑制的主要原因。应完善金融机构文化创意产业评估机制,对文化创意产品的内在价值进行合理的评估,进而减缓文化创意产业的金融抑制现象的发生。