Large Deviation Principles for Sequences of Maxima and Minima

In this article, we consider sequences of i.i.d. random variables and, under suitable conditions on the (common) distribution function, we prove large deviation principles for sequences of maxima, minima and pairs formed by maxima and minima. The i.i.d. random variables can be either unbounded or bounded; in the first case maxima and minima have to be suitably normalized.     

我国村镇适度规模探析——基于人口数量和辖区面积角度

村镇(乡)是当前我国乡村治理的基本组织,担负着对乡村社会的管理与服务职能,适度的村镇规模能够有效促进农村城镇化建设。在新农村建设过程中,确定村镇的适度规模尤为重要。文章基于人口数量和辖区面积角度,探讨村镇适度规模的内涵及影响因素,剖析目前我国村镇发展中存在的问题,提出调整村镇区划、撤乡并村、动态管理等措施。     

农户耕地经营适度规模的合理确定:一个文献综述

以农户为视角,从研究对象、研究区域、使用方法及研究结论等方面全面综述了中国农户耕地经营适度规模确定问题的文献。已有研究显示,不同类型农户（粮农、茶农和果农）的适度经营规模差异较大;不同区域（主产区与非主产区）适度的规模之差异也较大;适度规模确定在很大程度上受到了所使用方法影响,不同方法计算的适度规模结果差异较大。最后对农地适度规模经营研究进行简要评论,提出未来研究方向。研究农户农地适度规模化经营,对于提高中国农业生产效率、促进农村地区经济发展具有深远的意义。     

Legitimation,Consent, and Antifeminism

Antifeminists have developed a legitimation theory that justifies, informs, and enhances their politics. Whereas early American conservatives opposed consent theory because it justified political equality, contemporary antifeminists have adopted and adapted consent theory to articulate and promote different rights and responsibilities for women and men. This article traces the history of consent theory in sexual politics. It suggests that the social contract philosophers and the Founding Fathers systematically excluded women from consent. Early American feminists adopted consent theory to legitimate political equality between the sexes only to discover that political equality stopped far short of gender equality. The innovation of the antifeminists today lies in their use of consent theory to justify the political inclusion of women in politics in order to legitimate their subordination in the social realm.     

Social Support During Adjustment to Later-Life Divorce

This study investigated the adult child's role as a provider of social support to divorced parents. Each of the 230 randomly-selected individuals participating in the survey had been divorced after 19 or more years of marriage and had at least one child over age 18. Participants ranged in age from 36 to 72 and had been married an average of 28 years prior to divorce. Respondents were asked to indicate types and amounts of support provided by children in two major areas: instrumental aid (e.g., advice, services, financial assistance) and socioemotional aid. The pattern of support varied according to the sex of the parent and the sex of the child. Mothers received significantly more support than fathers in all four categories: advice, services, financial assistance and socioemotional aid. Sons and daughters did not differ significantly with regard to frequency of providing advice or financial aid. However, sons provided significantly more services, and daughters provided significantly more socioemotional aid. Circumstances connected with filial provision of support-opportunity, parental expectation of aid, parental financial need, parental health and morale, competing role responsibilities of the child, and quality of parent-child relationship-were analyzed. Multiple regression was used to specify the relationship between total support received and seven independent variables: frequency of contact, sex of respondent, emotional closeness, filial expectation, frequency of telephoning, sidetaking behavior, and financial strain. These variables explained 52% of the variance in total support.     

Who cares about the environment?

ABSTRACT

Environmental behavior substantially differs among individuals depending on their environmental attitudes, connectivity to nature beliefs, and socioeconomic profile. People who adopt an eco-friendly lifestyle and those who are unconcerned about environmental protection represent population segments with diverse characteristics. Consequently, this study aims to identify homogeneous groups based on individuals’ environmental behavior. A total of 400 Greek citizens completed a self-report questionnaire. We used behavioral items adopted from previous studies to measure environmental behavior and background variables to assess the socio-demographic profile of the respondents. Additionally, we used the well-established measures of Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) and New Ecological Paradigm Scale (NEP) to measure people's relatedness with nature and their ecological beliefs separately. Multivariate Cluster Analysis results indicated that participants can be grouped into two broad segments, named moderate eco-friends and non-environmentalists. Individual differences between the clusters were detected with respect to gender, education, connectedness to nature and ecological worldview.     

中国历史上和现实中的小农制评析

中国是世界上一个非常典型的小农制国家,几千年来都是一家一户的分散生产和经营。但进入清代中叶以后,我国人地比率已下降至"维生型小农经济"的临界点,标志着传统小农制的破产和瓦解。新中国成立以后的半个多世纪,由于长期实行以自然村落为单元"不分男女老幼、一律平分土地"的农村集体土地所有制,其所隐含的"集体成员权平等"和"产权虚置"的农地平分机制,导致明清以后出现的"地权分散化"和"耕地细碎化"的发展趋势更加凸显。当今中国农业正处于大规模非农就业、人口自然增长减慢和农业生产结构转型三大历史性变迁的交汇之中,各级政府应当抓住这样的历史性契机,加大对农业的投资和扶持,并通过法律制度和市场机制来促进土地使用权的流转和适度规模经营,从根本上解决农民的隐性失业问题和农业的低收入问题。     

论《北京人》的环境描写

分析了《北京人》中的舞台环境不仅为展现戏剧情节、刻画戏剧人物提供了有益的参考,而且以其独到的环境描写取得了独立的审美价值。屋内屋外多重视角的转换,共同营造了统一的戏剧氛围;精心设计的景物变换和贯穿,从另一个角度揭示了曾家的变迁;大量富有诗意的环境描摹,使剧本极具阅读价值。曹禺重视环境描写为戏剧艺术的完善和发展做出了努力。     

国际储备理论与中国国际储备的适度规模

在理论与实证分析的基础上,对中国国际储备的规模问题作结构分析,不仅要关注中国国际储备适度规模的数量区间,更要加强对国际储备的结构安排与价值管理。当前迫切需要我们考虑的是如何管理好和利用好如此高额的国际储备。通过中国国际储备规模的实证考察,提出中国国际储备适度规模及其对策。     

基于适度财务指标和遗传算法的财务危机预测模型研究

以往进行财务危机预测主要使用统计方法建模,迄今尚未见到因考虑财务指标的适度性而建立遗传算法模型的中外文献。适度财务指标是指该指标在某个区间内公司才是健康的,过大或过小则公司发生财务危机的可能性都较大。故以中国上市公司数据为样本,建立了基于适度财务指标和遗传算法的创新型财务危机预测模型,结果显示该类模型具有较高的预测准确率。